【C++】基础编程——03 运算符

3 运算符

  作用：用于执行代码的运算

运算符类型	作用
算数运算符	用于处理四则运算
赋值运算符	用于将表达式的值赋值给变量
比较运算符	用于表达式的比较，并返回一个真值或假值
逻辑运算符	用于根据表达式的值返回真值或假值

3.1 算数运算符

  作用：用于处理四则运算

  （1）加减乘除运算

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <string>
int main()
{
	//1.加减乘除
	int a1 = 10;
	int b1 = 3;

	cout << a1 + b1 << endl;
	cout << a1 - b1 << endl;
	cout << a1 * b1 << endl;
	cout << a1 / b1 << endl;
	//（1）两个整数相除，结果仍然为正实数，将小数部分去除

	int a3 = 10;
	int b3 = 0;
	//cout << a3 / b1 << endl;
	//（2）两个数相除，除数不可以为0

	double a2 = 0.5;
	double b2 = 0.22;
	cout << a2 / b2 << endl;
	//（3）两个小数相除，结果可以是整数也可以是小数
	

	system("pause");
	return 0;

}

  （2）取模运算

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <string>
int main()
{
	//1.取模:本质求余数
	int a1 = 10;
	int b1 = 3;
	cout << a1 % b1 << endl;

	int a2 = 10;
	int b2 = 20;
	cout << a2 % b2 << endl;

	int a3 = 10;
	int b3 = 0;
	//cout << a3 % b3 << endl;
	//（1）两个数相除不可以为0，所以也做不了取模运算

	int a4 = 3.14;
	int b4 = 1.1;
	//cout << a4 % b4 << endl;
	//（2）两个小数是不可以进行取模运算的

	system("pause");
	return 0;

}

  （3）递增递减运算符
  前置递增： 先让变量+1再进行表达式的运算
  后置递增： 先进行表达式的运算，再让变量+1

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <string>
int main()
{
	//1.前置递增
	int a1 = 10;
	++a1;//让变量+1
	cout << a1  << endl;

	//2.后置递增
	int b1 = 10;
	b1++;//让变量+1
	cout << b1 << endl;

	//3.前置递增和后置递增的区别
	//前置递增，先让变量+1再进行表达式的运算
	int a2 = 10;
	int b2 = ++a2 * 10;
	cout << "a2:" << a2 << endl;//11
	cout<< "b2:" << b2 << endl;//110

	//后置递增，先进行表达式的运算，再让变量+1
	int a3 = 10;
	int b3 = a3++ * 10;
	cout << "a3:" << a3 << endl;//11
	cout << "b3:" << b3 << endl;//100
	
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

3.2 赋值运算符

  作用：用于将表达式的值赋值给变量
  

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <string>
int main()
{
	//1.=
	int a1 = 10;
	a1 = 100;//赋值
	cout << a1 << endl;

	//2.+=
	int a2 = 10;
	a2 += 2;//a2=a2+2
	cout << a2 << endl;//12

	//3.-=
	int a3 = 10;
	a3 -= 2;//a2=a2-2
	cout <<  a3 << endl;//8

	//4.*=
	int a4 = 10;
	a4 *= 2;//a4=a4*2
	cout <<a4 << endl;//20

	//5./=
	int a5 = 10;
	a5 /= 2;//a5=a5/2
	cout << a5 << endl;//5

	//6.%=
	int a6 = 10;
	a6 %= 2;//a6=a6%2
	cout << a6 << endl;//0
	system("pause");
	return 0;

}

3.3 比较运算符

  作用：用于表达式的比较，并返回一个真值或假值

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <string>
int main()
{
	int a1 = 10;
	int b1 = 20;

	//1.==
	cout << (a1==b1) << endl;//0

	//2.！=
	cout << (a1 != b1) << endl; //1

	//3.>
	cout << (a1 > b1) << endl; //0

	//4.<
	cout << (a1 < b1) << endl; //1

	//5.>=
	cout << (a1 >= b1) << endl; //0

	//6.<=
	cout << (a1 <= b1) << endl;//1

	system("pause");
	return 0;

}

3.4 逻辑运算符

  作用：用于根据表达式的值返回真值或者假值

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <string>
int main()
{
	int a1 = 10;
	//1.逻辑运算符：非 ！
	cout << !a1 << endl;//0
	//在C++中除了0都为真
	cout << !!a1 << endl;

	//2.逻辑运算符：或 || 两个条件只要有一个为真，结果为真
	int a2 = 10;
	int b2 = 10;
	cout << (a2 || b2) << endl;//1
	int a3 = 10;
	int b3 = 0;
	cout << (a2 || b2) << endl;//1


	//3.逻辑运算符：与 && 两个条件都为真，结果为真
	int a4 = 10;
	int b4 = 10;
	cout << (a4 && b4) << endl;//1
	int a5 = 10;
	int b5 = 0;
	cout << (a5 && b5) << endl;//0

	system("pause");
	return 0;

}