20240726图像金字塔

1.图像金字塔定义

图像金字塔是图像多尺度表达的一种，是一种以多分辨率来解释图像的有效但概念简单的结构。一幅图像的图像金字塔是一系列以金字塔形状（自下而上）逐步降低，且来源于同一张原始图的图像分辨率集合。其通过梯次向下采样获得，直到达到某个终止条件才停止采样。我们将一层一层的图像比喻成金字塔，层级越高，则图像越小，分辨率越低。

2.将苹果与橘子进行融合代码

# @File: 20.3利用图像金字塔进行图像融合.py
# @Author: chen_song
# @Time: 2024/7/26 下午10:09

# 1. 读入两幅图像，苹果和句子
# 2. 构建苹果和橘子的高斯金字塔（6层）
# 3. 根据高斯金字塔计算拉普拉斯金字塔
# 4. 在拉普拉斯的每一层进行图像融合（苹果的左边与橘子的右边融合）
# 5. 根据融合后的图像金字塔重建原始图像

import cv2
import numpy as np, sys

A = cv2.imread('./images/apple.png')
A=cv2.resize(A,(512,512))
B = cv2.imread('./images/orange.png')
B=cv2.resize(B,(512,512))
# generate Gaussian pyramid for A
G = A.copy()
gpA = [G]
for i in range(6):
 G = cv2.pyrDown(G)
 gpA.append(G)
# generate Gaussian pyramid for B
G = B.copy()
gpB = [G]
for i in range(6):
 G = cv2.pyrDown(G)
 gpB.append(G)
 # generate Laplacian Pyramid for A
lpA = [gpA[5]]
for i in range(5, 0, -1):
 GE = cv2.pyrUp(gpA[i])
 L = cv2.subtract(gpA[i - 1], GE)
 lpA.append(L)
 # generate Laplacian Pyramid for B
lpB = [gpB[5]]
for i in range(5, 0, -1):
 GE = cv2.pyrUp(gpB[i])
 L = cv2.subtract(gpB[i - 1], GE)
 lpB.append(L)
# Now add left and right halves of images in each level
# numpy.hstack(tup)
# Take a sequence of arrays and stack them horizontally
# to make a single array.
LS = []
for la, lb in zip(lpA, lpB):
 rows, cols, dpt = la.shape
 ls = np.hstack((la[:, 0:cols//2], lb[:, cols//2:]))
 LS.append(ls)
# now reconstruct
ls_ = LS[0]
for i in range(1, 6):
 ls_ = cv2.pyrUp(ls_)
 ls_ = cv2.add(ls_, LS[i])
# image with direct connecting each half
real = np.hstack((A[:, :], B[:, :]))
cv2.imwrite('Pyramid_blending2.jpg', ls_)
cv2.imwrite('Direct_blending.jpg', real)

3.结果展示