java并发编程-死锁原因解决方式以及代码示例

死锁发生的原因：
是因为两个线程获取锁的顺序不一致，导致出现线程分别要获取对方持有的锁状况，程序无法继续运行；

解决死锁的一般逻辑：
1.修改获取锁的顺序；
2.缩小锁的范围
3.从业务角度解决

死锁代码示例

@Test
    public void testDeadLock() throws InterruptedException {
        Object lock1 = new Object();
        Object lock2 = new Object();
        new Thread(new DeadLockTask1(lock1,lock2),"A").start();
        new Thread(new DeadLockTask2(lock1,lock2),"B").start();
        Thread.sleep(100000);
    }
static class DeadLockTask1 implements Runnable {
        private Object lock1;
        private Object lock2;
        public DeadLockTask1(Object lock1, Object lock2) {
            this.lock1 = lock1;
            this.lock2 = lock2;
        }
        @Override
        public void run() {
            while (true) {
                synchronized (lock1) {
                    synchronized (lock2) {
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ".....");
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    static class DeadLockTask2 implements Runnable {
        private Object lock1;
        private Object lock2;

        public DeadLockTask2(Object lock1, Object lock2) {
            this.lock1 = lock1;
            this.lock2 = lock2;
        }
        @Override
        public void run() {
            while (true) {
                synchronized (lock2) {
                    synchronized (lock1) {
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ".....");
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

第二类代码示例：（这个例子也证明synchronized是可重入锁）

@Test
    public void testDeadLock2() throws InterruptedException {
        DeadLockTask3 task = new DeadLockTask3();
        new Thread(task,"A").start();
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        task.flag = false;
        new Thread(task,"B").start();
        Thread.sleep(100000);
    }
    
static class DeadLockTask3 implements Runnable {
        private Object lock = new Object();
        volatile boolean flag = true;
        @Override
        public void run() {
            if(flag) {
                while(true)
                    synchronized (lock) {
                        show();
                    }
            } else {
                while(true)
                    show();
            }
        }
        synchronized void show(){
            synchronized (lock) {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ".....");
            }
        }
    }