FastAPI+React全栈开发02 什么是FARM技术栈

Chapter01 Web Development and the FARM Stack

02 What is the FARM stack and how does it fit together?

FastAPI+React全栈开发02 什么是FARM技术栈

It is important to understand that stacks aren’t really special, they are just sets of technologies that cover different parts of a modern web app, blend well together, and enable us to satisfy certain criteria while building web apps. To have a functional web application or site, we need to have a system consisting of the following:

• An operating system: Usually, this is Unix/Linux based
• A database layer: A SQL or NoSQL solution. In our case, we will use MongoDB.
• A web server: Apache and Nginx are quite popular, but we will talk about Python solutions for FastAPI, such as Uvicorn or Hypercorn.
• A development environment: PHP, Node.js/JavaScript, .NET, or Python.

重要的是要理解堆栈并不是特别的，它们只是覆盖现代web应用程序的不同部分的技术集合，很好地融合在一起，使我们能够在构建web应用程序时满足某些标准。要有一个功能web应用程序或网站，我们需要有一个由以下组成的系统:

• 操作系统:通常基于Unix/Linux
• 数据库层:SQL或NoSQL解决方案。在本例中，我们将使用MongoDB。
• web服务器:Apache和Nginx非常流行，但我们将讨论FastAPI的Python解决方案，如Uvicorn或Hypercorn。
• 开发环境:PHP、Node.js/JavaScript、.NET或Python。

Optionally, and more often than not, we could also add a frontend library or framework (such as Vue.js, Angular, React, or Svelte) since the vast majority of web development companies benefit from adopting one in terms of consistency, development speed, and standards compliance. And let’s face it, it is 2022, and you just cannot afford to handcraft your user interfaces without a library or a framework.

通常情况下，我们也可以添加一个前端库或框架(如Vue.js、Angular、React或Svelte)，因为绝大多数web开发公司在一致性、开发速度和标准遵从性方面都受益于采用一个库或框架。让我们面对现实吧，现在是2022年，如果没有库或框架，你就无法手工制作用户界面。

Let’s list the most famous stacks or, at the very least, some of those that have a popular acronym:

• MERN: MongoDB + Express.js + React + Node.js is still probably one of the most popular ones today. Developers can be comfortable and never leave JavaScript, except when they need to write some style sheets. With the addition of React Native for mobile apps and something like Electron.js for desktop apps, a product can encompass virtually every platform while relying solely on JavaScript.
• MEAN: MongoDB + Express.js + Angular.js + Node.js is similar to the previously mentioned MERN, with Angular.js managing the frontend in a more structured Model-View-Controller(MVC) way.
• PERN: Postgres + Express.js + React + Node.js is for those who want the stability and features of a Post