Laravel 路由中间件
Laravel 中间件,是进入应用之前的一层过滤.也可以设置为运行之后在启用中间件.
运行Artisan 命令 make:middleware 创建中间件:
php artisan make:middleware CheckAge
中间件创建完成后还需要注册中间件.
全局中间件:
所有的路由都会生效
在 app/Http/Kernel.php 中的 $middleware 数组中添加即可 例如:
// 在 App\Http\Kernel 类中
protected $routeMiddleware = [
'auth' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
'bindings' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
'can' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authorize::class,
'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
'throttle' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests::class,
];
中间件组
定义一组中间件,使分配到的路由同时对这一组的中间件都生效,laravel中默认加载web的中间件组例如:
/**
* 应用程序的路由中间件组
*
* @var array
*/
protected $middlewareGroups = [
'web' => [
\App\Http\Middleware\EncryptCookies::class,
\Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\AddQueuedCookiesToResponse::class,
\Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession::class,
\Illuminate\View\Middleware\ShareErrorsFromSession::class,
\App\Http\Middleware\VerifyCsrfToken::class,
\Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
],
'api' => [
'throttle:60,1',
'auth:api',
],
];
路由中间件
定义单个的中间件,在需要使用的路由单独加载,
/**
* The application's route middleware.
*
* These middleware may be assigned to groups or used individually.
*
* @var array
*/
protected $routeMiddleware = [
'auth' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
'bindings' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
'cache.headers' => \Illuminate\Http\Middleware\SetCacheHeaders::class,
'can' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authorize::class,
'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
'signed' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ValidateSignature::class,
'throttle' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests::class,
'admin.login' => \App\Http\Middleware\AdminLogin::class,
'admin.auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\AdminAuth::class,
'home.auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\HomeAuth::class,
];
中间件参数
中间件也可以接受额外的参数
/**
* 处理传入的请求
*
* @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $request
* @param \Closure $next
* @param string $role
* @return mixed
*/
public function handle($request, Closure $next, $role)
{
if (! $request->user()->hasRole($role)) {
// 重定向...
}
return $next($request);
}
定义路由时通过一个 :
来隔开中间件名称和参数来指定中间件参数。多个参数就使用逗号分隔:
Route::put('post/{id}', function ($id) {
//
})->middleware('role:editor');