Laravel 开发学习(五)Laravel 路由中间件

Laravel 路由中间件

Laravel 中间件,是进入应用之前的一层过滤.也可以设置为运行之后在启用中间件.

运行Artisan 命令  make:middleware  创建中间件:

php artisan make:middleware CheckAge

中间件创建完成后还需要注册中间件.

全局中间件:

所有的路由都会生效

在 app/Http/Kernel.php 中的 $middleware 数组中添加即可 例如：

// 在 App\Http\Kernel 类中

protected $routeMiddleware = [
    'auth' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
    'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
    'bindings' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
    'can' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authorize::class,
    'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
    'throttle' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests::class,
];

中间件组

定义一组中间件,使分配到的路由同时对这一组的中间件都生效,laravel中默认加载web的中间件组例如:

/**
 * 应用程序的路由中间件组
 *
 * @var array
 */
protected $middlewareGroups = [
    'web' => [
        \App\Http\Middleware\EncryptCookies::class,
        \Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\AddQueuedCookiesToResponse::class,
        \Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession::class,
        \Illuminate\View\Middleware\ShareErrorsFromSession::class,
        \App\Http\Middleware\VerifyCsrfToken::class,
        \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
    ],

    'api' => [
        'throttle:60,1',
        'auth:api',
    ],
];

路由中间件

定义单个的中间件,在需要使用的路由单独加载,

/**
     * The application's route middleware.
     *
     * These middleware may be assigned to groups or used individually.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $routeMiddleware = [
        'auth' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
        'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
        'bindings' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
        'cache.headers' => \Illuminate\Http\Middleware\SetCacheHeaders::class,
        'can' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authorize::class,
        'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
        'signed' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ValidateSignature::class,
        'throttle' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests::class,
        'admin.login' => \App\Http\Middleware\AdminLogin::class,
        'admin.auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\AdminAuth::class,
        'home.auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\HomeAuth::class,
    ];

中间件参数

中间件也可以接受额外的参数

 /**
     * 处理传入的请求
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Closure  $next
     * @param  string  $role
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next, $role)
    {
        if (! $request->user()->hasRole($role)) {
            // 重定向...
        }

        return $next($request);
    }

定义路由时通过一个 : 来隔开中间件名称和参数来指定中间件参数。多个参数就使用逗号分隔：

Route::put('post/{id}', function ($id) {
    //
})->middleware('role:editor');