5.22 POSIX共享内存

1、实验代码
shm_write.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <semaphore.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>

#define SHM_NAME "/shm"

int main (void)
{
	int shm_fd;
	shm_fd = shm_open (SHM_NAME, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0666);
	if (shm_fd < 0)
	{
		perror ("shm_open");
		return -1;
	}

	ftruncate (shm_fd, 8192);
    struct stat filestat;
	fstat (shm_fd, &filestat);
    printf ("st_size: %ld\n", filestat.st_size);

	char *shm_ptr;
	shm_ptr = (char*)mmap (NULL, filestat.st_size, \
              PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, shm_fd, 0);
	close (shm_fd);

	char buf[] = "hello world";
	memmove (shm_ptr, buf, sizeof (buf));
	printf ("pid %d: %s\n", getpid(), shm_ptr);
    munmap (shm_ptr, filestat.st_size);
	return 0;
}

shm_read.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <semaphore.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>

#define SHM_NAME "/shm"

int main (void)
{
	int shm_fd;
	shm_fd = shm_open (SHM_NAME, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0);
	if (shm_fd < 0)
	{
		perror ("shm_open");
		return -1;
	}
	ftruncate (shm_fd, 8192);
	struct stat filestat;
	fstat (shm_fd, &filestat);
    printf ("st_size: %ld\n", filestat.st_size);
	char *shm_ptr;
	shm_ptr = (char*)mmap (NULL, filestat.st_size, \
            PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, shm_fd, 0);
	close (shm_fd);
	printf ("pid %d: %s\n", getpid(), shm_ptr);
    munmap (shm_ptr, filestat.st_size);
    shm_unlink (SHM_NAME);
	return 0;
}

2、实验结果

共享内存和信号量同时使用用来同步

read.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <semaphore.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>

#define SHM_NAME "/memmap"
#define SEM_NAME "/memmap_sem"

int main (void)
{
	int shm_fd;
	sem_t *sem;
	shm_fd = shm_open (SHM_NAME, O_RDWR|O_CREAT, 0666);
	sem = sem_open (SEM_NAME, 0);
	if (shm_fd < 0 || sem == SEM_FAILED)
	{
		perror ("open");
		return -1;
	}
    ftruncate (shm_fd, 8192);
	struct stat filestat;
	fstat (shm_fd, &filestat);
    printf ("st_size: %ld\n", filestat.st_size);
	char *shm_ptr;
	shm_ptr = (char*)mmap (NULL, filestat.st_size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, \
							MAP_SHARED, shm_fd, 0);
    if (shm_ptr ==(void*)-1)
    {
        perror ("mmap");
        exit (-1);
    }
	close (shm_fd);
	sem_wait (sem);
	printf ("pid %d: %s\n", getpid(), shm_ptr);
	sem_close (sem);
    munmap (shm_ptr, 8192);
    shm_unlink (SHM_NAME);
    sem_unlink (SEM_NAME);
	return 0;
}

write.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <semaphore.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>

#define SHM_NAME "/memmap"
#define SEM_NAME "/memmap_sem"

int main (void)
{
	int shm_fd;
	sem_t *sem;
	shm_fd = shm_open (SHM_NAME, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0666);
	sem = sem_open (SEM_NAME, O_CREAT, 0666, 0);
	if (shm_fd < 0 || sem == SEM_FAILED)
	{
		perror ("open");
		return -1;
	}
    ftruncate (shm_fd, 8192);
	struct stat filestat;
	fstat (shm_fd, &filestat);
    printf ("st_size: %ld\n", filestat.st_size);
	char *shm_ptr;
	shm_ptr = (char*)mmap (NULL, filestat.st_size,  \
                PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, shm_fd, 0);
	close (shm_fd);

	char msg[] = "hello world";
	memmove (shm_ptr, msg, sizeof (msg));
	printf ("pid %d: %s\n", getpid(), shm_ptr);
    
	sem_post (sem);
	sem_close (sem);
    sleep (5);
    munmap (shm_ptr, 8192);

	return 0;
}

实验结果：