clickhouse学习笔记2：基本使用教程

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-07 18:44:50 发布
最新推荐文章于 2024-07-07 18:44:50 发布
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分类专栏： clickhouse
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      clickhouse的使用，和MySQL没有什么区别，你可以执行创建数据集、建表、查询这些操作

1使用数据集

1）Ubuntu终端下载数据集

curl https://datasets.clickhouse.tech/hits/tsv/hits_v1.tsv.xz | unxz --threads=`nproc` > hits_v1.tsv
curl https://datasets.clickhouse.tech/visits/tsv/visits_v1.tsv.xz | unxz --threads=`nproc` > visits_v1.tsv

2）创建表

创建数据库---容器终端执行

clickhouse-client --query "CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS tutorial"

创建表有2种方式

第一种方式：

clickhouse-client --query "CREATE TABLE tutorial.hits_v1 ( WatchID UInt64,  JavaEnable UInt8,  Title String,  GoodEvent Int16,  EventTime DateTime,  EventDate Date,  CounterID UInt32,  ClientIP UInt32,  ClientIP6 FixedString(16),  RegionID UInt32,  UserID UInt64,  CounterClass Int8,  OS UInt8,  UserAgent UInt8,  URL String,  Referer String,  URLDomain String,  RefererDomain String,  Refresh UInt8,  IsRobot UInt8,  RefererCategories Array(UInt16),  URLCategories Array(UInt16), URLRegions Array(UInt32),  RefererRegions Array(UInt32),  ResolutionWidth UInt16,  ResolutionHeight UInt16,  ResolutionDepth UInt8,  FlashMajor UInt8, FlashMinor UInt8,  FlashMinor2 String,  NetMajor UInt8,  NetMinor UInt8, UserAgentMajor UInt16,  UserAgentMinor FixedString(2),  CookieEnable UInt8, JavascriptEnable UInt8,  IsMobile UInt8,  MobilePhone UInt8,  MobilePhoneModel String,  Params String,  IPNetworkID UInt32,  TraficSourceID Int8, SearchEngineID UInt16,  SearchPhrase String,  AdvEngineID UInt8,  IsArtifical UInt8,  WindowClientWidth UInt16,  WindowClientHeight UInt16,  ClientTimeZone Int16,  ClientEventTime DateTime,  SilverlightVersion1 UInt8, SilverlightVersion2 UInt8,  SilverlightVersion3 UInt32,  SilverlightVersion4 UInt16,  PageCharset String,  CodeVersion UInt32,  IsLink UInt8,  IsDownload UInt8,  IsNotBounce UInt8,  FUniqID UInt64,  HID UInt32,  IsOldCounter UInt8, IsEvent UInt8,  IsParameter UInt8,  DontCountHits UInt8,  WithHash UInt8, HitColor FixedString(1),  UTCEventTime DateTime,  Age UInt8,  Sex UInt8,  Income UInt8,  Interests UInt16,  Robotness UInt8,  GeneralInterests Array(UInt16), RemoteIP UInt32,  RemoteIP6 FixedString(16),  WindowName Int32,  OpenerName Int32,  HistoryLength Int16,  BrowserLanguage FixedString(2),  BrowserCountry FixedString(2),  SocialNetwork String,  SocialAction String,  HTTPError UInt16, SendTiming Int32,  DNSTiming Int32,  ConnectTiming Int32,  ResponseStartTiming Int32,  ResponseEndTiming Int32,  FetchTiming Int32,  RedirectTiming Int32, DOMInteractiveTiming Int32,  DOMContentLoadedTiming Int32,  DOMCompleteTiming Int32,  LoadEventStartTiming Int32,  LoadEventEndTiming Int32, NSToDOMContentLoadedTiming Int32,  FirstPaintTiming Int32,  RedirectCount Int8, SocialSourceNetworkID UInt8,  SocialSourcePage String,  ParamPrice Int64, ParamOrderID String,  ParamCurrency FixedString(3),  ParamCurrencyID UInt16, GoalsReached Array(UInt32),  OpenstatServiceName String,  OpenstatCampaignID String,  OpenstatAdID String,  OpenstatSourceID String,  UTMSource String, UTMMedium String,  UTMCampaign String,  UTMContent String,  UTMTerm String, FromTag String,  HasGCLID UInt8,  RefererHash UInt64,  URLHash UInt64,  CLID UInt32,  YCLID UInt64,  ShareService String,  ShareURL String,  ShareTitle String,  ParsedParams Nested(Key1 String,  Key2 String, Key3 String, Key4 String, Key5 String,  ValueDouble Float64),  IslandID FixedString(16),  RequestNum UInt32,  RequestTry UInt8) ENGINE = MergeTree() PARTITION BY toYYYYMM(EventDate) ORDER BY (CounterID, EventDate, intHash32(UserID)) SAMPLE BY intHash32(UserID) SETTINGS index_granularity = 8192"

clickhouse-client --query "CREATE TABLE tutorial.visits_v1 ( CounterID UInt32,  StartDate Date,  Sign Int8,  IsNew UInt8,  VisitID UInt64,  UserID UInt64,  StartTime DateTime,  Duration UInt32,  UTCStartTime DateTime,  PageViews Int32,  Hits Int32,  IsBounce UInt8,  Referer String,  StartURL String,  RefererDomain String,  StartURLDomain String,  EndURL String,  LinkURL String,  IsDownload UInt8,  TraficSourceID Int8,  SearchEngineID UInt16,  SearchPhrase String,  AdvEngineID UInt8,  PlaceID Int32,  RefererCategories Array(UInt16),  URLCategories Array(UInt16),  URLRegions Array(UInt32),  RefererRegions Array(UInt32),  IsYandex UInt8,  GoalReachesDepth Int32,  GoalReachesURL Int32,  GoalReachesAny Int32,  SocialSourceNetworkID UInt8,  SocialSourcePage String,  MobilePhoneModel String,  ClientEventTime DateTime,  RegionID UInt32,  ClientIP UInt32,  ClientIP6 FixedString(16),  RemoteIP UInt32,  RemoteIP6 FixedString(16),  IPNetworkID UInt32,  SilverlightVersion3 UInt32,  CodeVersion UInt32,  ResolutionWidth UInt16,  ResolutionHeight UInt16,  UserAgentMajor UInt16,  UserAgentMinor UInt16,  WindowClientWidth UInt16,  WindowClientHeight UInt16,  SilverlightVersion2 UInt8,  SilverlightVersion4 UInt16,  FlashVersion3 UInt16,  FlashVersion4 UInt16,  ClientTimeZone Int16,  OS UInt8,  UserAgent UInt8,  ResolutionDepth UInt8,  FlashMajor UInt8,  FlashMinor UInt8,  NetMajor UInt8,  NetMinor UInt8,  MobilePhone UInt8,  SilverlightVersion1 UInt8,  Age UInt8,  Sex UInt8,  Income UInt8,  JavaEnable UInt8,  CookieEnable UInt8,  JavascriptEnable UInt8,  IsMobile UInt8,  BrowserLanguage UInt16,  BrowserCountry UInt16,  Interests UInt16,  Robotness UInt8,  GeneralInterests Array(UInt16),  Params Array(String),  Goals Nested(ID UInt32, Serial UInt32, EventTime DateTime,  Price Int64,  OrderID String, CurrencyID UInt32),  WatchIDs Array(UInt64),  ParamSumPrice Int64,  ParamCurrency FixedString(3),  ParamCurrencyID UInt16,  ClickLogID UInt64,  ClickEventID Int32,  ClickGoodEvent Int32,  ClickEventTime DateTime,  ClickPriorityID Int32,  ClickPhraseID Int32,  ClickPageID Int32,  ClickPlaceID Int32,  ClickTypeID Int32,  ClickResourceID Int32,  ClickCost UInt32,  ClickClientIP UInt32,  ClickDomainID UInt32,  ClickURL String,  ClickAttempt UInt8,  ClickOrderID UInt32,  ClickBannerID UInt32,  ClickMarketCategoryID UInt32,  ClickMarketPP UInt32,  ClickMarketCategoryName String,  ClickMarketPPName String,  ClickAWAPSCampaignName String,  ClickPageName String,  ClickTargetType UInt16,  ClickTargetPhraseID UInt64,  ClickContextType UInt8,  ClickSelectType Int8,  ClickOptions String,  ClickGroupBannerID Int32,  OpenstatServiceName String,  OpenstatCampaignID String,  OpenstatAdID String,  OpenstatSourceID String,  UTMSource String,  UTMMedium String,  UTMCampaign String,  UTMContent String,  UTMTerm String,  FromTag String,  HasGCLID UInt8,  FirstVisit DateTime,  PredLastVisit Date,  LastVisit Date,  TotalVisits UInt32,  TraficSource    Nested(ID Int8,  SearchEngineID UInt16, AdvEngineID UInt8, PlaceID UInt16, SocialSourceNetworkID UInt8, Domain String, SearchPhrase String, SocialSourcePage String),  Attendance FixedString(16),  CLID UInt32,  YCLID UInt64,  NormalizedRefererHash UInt64,  SearchPhraseHash UInt64,  RefererDomainHash UInt64,  NormalizedStartURLHash UInt64,  StartURLDomainHash UInt64,  NormalizedEndURLHash UInt64,  TopLevelDomain UInt64,  URLScheme UInt64,  OpenstatServiceNameHash UInt64,  OpenstatCampaignIDHash UInt64,  OpenstatAdIDHash UInt64,  OpenstatSourceIDHash UInt64,  UTMSourceHash UInt64,  UTMMediumHash UInt64,  UTMCampaignHash UInt64,  UTMContentHash UInt64,  UTMTermHash UInt64,  FromHash UInt64,  WebVisorEnabled UInt8,  WebVisorActivity UInt32,  ParsedParams    Nested(Key1 String,  Key2 String,  Key3 String,  Key4 String, Key5 String, ValueDouble    Float64),  Market Nested(Type UInt8, GoalID UInt32, OrderID String,  OrderPrice Int64,  PP UInt32,  DirectPlaceID UInt32,  DirectOrderID  UInt32,  DirectBannerID UInt32,  GoodID String, GoodName String, GoodQuantity Int32,  GoodPrice Int64),  IslandID FixedString(16)) ENGINE = CollapsingMergeTree(Sign) PARTITION BY toYYYYMM(StartDate) ORDER BY (CounterID, StartDate, intHash32(UserID), VisitID) SAMPLE BY intHash32(UserID) SETTINGS index_granularity = 8192"

第二种方式先使用clickhouse-client链接数据库，然后执行如下语句

CREATE TABLE tutorial.hits_v1
(
    `WatchID` UInt64,
    `JavaEnable` UInt8,
    `Title` String,
    `GoodEvent` Int16,
    `EventTime` DateTime,
    `EventDate` Date,
    `CounterID` UInt32,
    `ClientIP` UInt32,
    `ClientIP6` FixedString(16),
    `RegionID` UInt32,
    `UserID` UInt64,
    `CounterClass` Int8,
    `OS` UInt8,
    `UserAgent` UInt8,
    `URL` String,
    `Referer` String,
    `URLDomain` String,
    `RefererDomain` String,
    `Refresh` UInt8,
    `IsRobot` UInt8,
    `RefererCategories` Array(UInt16),
    `URLCategories` Array(UInt16),
    `URLRegions` Array(UInt32),
    `RefererRegions` Array(UInt32),
    `ResolutionWidth` UInt16,
    `ResolutionHeight` UInt16,
    `ResolutionDepth` UInt8,
    `FlashMajor` UInt8,
    `FlashMinor` UInt8,
    `FlashMinor2` String,
    `NetMajor` UInt8,
    `NetMinor` UInt8,
    `UserAgentMajor` UInt16,
    `UserAgentMinor` FixedString(2),
    `CookieEnable` UInt8,
    `JavascriptEnable` UInt8,
    `IsMobile` UInt8,
    `MobilePhone` UInt8,
    `MobilePhoneModel` String,
    `Params` String,
    `IPNetworkID` UInt32,
    `TraficSourceID` Int8,
    `SearchEngineID` UInt16,
    `SearchPhrase` String,
    `AdvEngineID` UInt8,
    `IsArtifical` UInt8,
    `WindowClientWidth` UInt16,
    `WindowClientHeight` UInt16,
    `ClientTimeZone` Int16,
    `ClientEventTime` DateTime,
    `SilverlightVersion1` UInt8,
    `SilverlightVersion2` UInt8,
    `SilverlightVersion3` UInt32,
    `SilverlightVersion4` UInt16,
    `PageCharset` String,
    `CodeVersion` UInt32,
    `IsLink` UInt8,
    `IsDownload` UInt8,
    `IsNotBounce` UInt8,
    `FUniqID` UInt64,
    `HID` UInt32,
    `IsOldCounter` UInt8,
    `IsEvent` UInt8,
    `IsParameter` UInt8,
    `DontCountHits` UInt8,
    `WithHash` UInt8,
    `HitColor` FixedString(1),
    `UTCEventTime` DateTime,
    `Age` UInt8,
    `Sex` UInt8,
    `Income` UInt8,
    `Interests` UInt16,
    `Robotness` UInt8,
    `GeneralInterests` Array(UInt16),
    `RemoteIP` UInt32,
    `RemoteIP6` FixedString(16),
    `WindowName` Int32,
    `OpenerName` Int32,
    `HistoryLength` Int16,
    `BrowserLanguage` FixedString(2),
    `BrowserCountry` FixedString(2),
    `SocialNetwork` String,
    `SocialAction` String,
    `HTTPError` UInt16,
    `SendTiming` Int32,
    `DNSTiming` Int32,
    `ConnectTiming` Int32,
    `ResponseStartTiming` Int32,
    `ResponseEndTiming` Int32,
    `FetchTiming` Int32,
    `RedirectTiming` Int32,
    `DOMInteractiveTiming` Int32,
    `DOMContentLoadedTiming` Int32,
    `DOMCompleteTiming` Int32,
    `LoadEventStartTiming` Int32,
    `LoadEventEndTiming` Int32,
    `NSToDOMContentLoadedTiming` Int32,
    `FirstPaintTiming` Int32,
    `RedirectCount` Int8,
    `SocialSourceNetworkID` UInt8,
    `SocialSourcePage` String,
    `ParamPrice` Int64,
    `ParamOrderID` String,
    `ParamCurrency` FixedString(3),
    `ParamCurrencyID` UInt16,
    `GoalsReached` Array(UInt32),
    `OpenstatServiceName` String,
    `OpenstatCampaignID` String,
    `OpenstatAdID` String,
    `OpenstatSourceID` String,
    `UTMSource` String,
    `UTMMedium` String,
    `UTMCampaign` String,
    `UTMContent` String,
    `UTMTerm` String,
    `FromTag` String,
    `HasGCLID` UInt8,
    `RefererHash` UInt64,
    `URLHash` UInt64,
    `CLID` UInt32,
    `YCLID` UInt64,
    `ShareService` String,
    `ShareURL` String,
    `ShareTitle` String,
    `ParsedParams` Nested(
        Key1 String,
        Key2 String,
        Key3 String,
        Key4 String,
        Key5 String,
        ValueDouble Float64),
    `IslandID` FixedString(16),
    `RequestNum` UInt32,
    `RequestTry` UInt8
)
ENGINE = MergeTree()
PARTITION BY toYYYYMM(EventDate)
ORDER BY (CounterID, EventDate, intHash32(UserID))
SAMPLE BY intHash32(UserID)

表2：

CREATE TABLE tutorial.visits_v1
(
    `CounterID` UInt32,
    `StartDate` Date,
    `Sign` Int8,
    `IsNew` UInt8,
    `VisitID` UInt64,
    `UserID` UInt64,
    `StartTime` DateTime,
    `Duration` UInt32,
    `UTCStartTime` DateTime,
    `PageViews` Int32,
    `Hits` Int32,
    `IsBounce` UInt8,
    `Referer` String,
    `StartURL` String,
    `RefererDomain` String,
    `StartURLDomain` String,
    `EndURL` String,
    `LinkURL` String,
    `IsDownload` UInt8,
    `TraficSourceID` Int8,
    `SearchEngineID` UInt16,
    `SearchPhrase` String,
    `AdvEngineID` UInt8,
    `PlaceID` Int32,
    `RefererCategories` Array(UInt16),
    `URLCategories` Array(UInt16),
    `URLRegions` Array(UInt32),
    `RefererRegions` Array(UInt32),
    `IsYandex` UInt8,
    `GoalReachesDepth` Int32,
    `GoalReachesURL` Int32,
    `GoalReachesAny` Int32,
    `SocialSourceNetworkID` UInt8,
    `SocialSourcePage` String,
    `MobilePhoneModel` String,
    `ClientEventTime` DateTime,
    `RegionID` UInt32,
    `ClientIP` UInt32,
    `ClientIP6` FixedString(16),
    `RemoteIP` UInt32,
    `RemoteIP6` FixedString(16),
    `IPNetworkID` UInt32,
    `SilverlightVersion3` UInt32,
    `CodeVersion` UInt32,
    `ResolutionWidth` UInt16,
    `ResolutionHeight` UInt16,
    `UserAgentMajor` UInt16,
    `UserAgentMinor` UInt16,
    `WindowClientWidth` UInt16,
    `WindowClientHeight` UInt16,
    `SilverlightVersion2` UInt8,
    `SilverlightVersion4` UInt16,
    `FlashVersion3` UInt16,
    `FlashVersion4` UInt16,
    `ClientTimeZone` Int16,
    `OS` UInt8,
    `UserAgent` UInt8,
    `ResolutionDepth` UInt8,
    `FlashMajor` UInt8,
    `FlashMinor` UInt8,
    `NetMajor` UInt8,
    `NetMinor` UInt8,
    `MobilePhone` UInt8,
    `SilverlightVersion1` UInt8,
    `Age` UInt8,
    `Sex` UInt8,
    `Income` UInt8,
    `JavaEnable` UInt8,
    `CookieEnable` UInt8,
    `JavascriptEnable` UInt8,
    `IsMobile` UInt8,
    `BrowserLanguage` UInt16,
    `BrowserCountry` UInt16,
    `Interests` UInt16,
    `Robotness` UInt8,
    `GeneralInterests` Array(UInt16),
    `Params` Array(String),
    `Goals` Nested(
        ID UInt32,
        Serial UInt32,
        EventTime DateTime,
        Price Int64,
        OrderID String,
        CurrencyID UInt32),
    `WatchIDs` Array(UInt64),
    `ParamSumPrice` Int64,
    `ParamCurrency` FixedString(3),
    `ParamCurrencyID` UInt16,
    `ClickLogID` UInt64,
    `ClickEventID` Int32,
    `ClickGoodEvent` Int32,
    `ClickEventTime` DateTime,
    `ClickPriorityID` Int32,
    `ClickPhraseID` Int32,
    `ClickPageID` Int32,
    `ClickPlaceID` Int32,
    `ClickTypeID` Int32,
    `ClickResourceID` Int32,
    `ClickCost` UInt32,
    `ClickClientIP` UInt32,
    `ClickDomainID` UInt32,
    `ClickURL` String,
    `ClickAttempt` UInt8,
    `ClickOrderID` UInt32,
    `ClickBannerID` UInt32,
    `ClickMarketCategoryID` UInt32,
    `ClickMarketPP` UInt32,
    `ClickMarketCategoryName` String,
    `ClickMarketPPName` String,
    `ClickAWAPSCampaignName` String,
    `ClickPageName` String,
    `ClickTargetType` UInt16,
    `ClickTargetPhraseID` UInt64,
    `ClickContextType` UInt8,
    `ClickSelectType` Int8,
    `ClickOptions` String,
    `ClickGroupBannerID` Int32,
    `OpenstatServiceName` String,
    `OpenstatCampaignID` String,
    `OpenstatAdID` String,
    `OpenstatSourceID` String,
    `UTMSource` String,
    `UTMMedium` String,
    `UTMCampaign` String,
    `UTMContent` String,
    `UTMTerm` String,
    `FromTag` String,
    `HasGCLID` UInt8,
    `FirstVisit` DateTime,
    `PredLastVisit` Date,
    `LastVisit` Date,
    `TotalVisits` UInt32,
    `TraficSource` Nested(
        ID Int8,
        SearchEngineID UInt16,
        AdvEngineID UInt8,
        PlaceID UInt16,
        SocialSourceNetworkID UInt8,
        Domain String,
        SearchPhrase String,
        SocialSourcePage String),
    `Attendance` FixedString(16),
    `CLID` UInt32,
    `YCLID` UInt64,
    `NormalizedRefererHash` UInt64,
    `SearchPhraseHash` UInt64,
    `RefererDomainHash` UInt64,
    `NormalizedStartURLHash` UInt64,
    `StartURLDomainHash` UInt64,
    `NormalizedEndURLHash` UInt64,
    `TopLevelDomain` UInt64,
    `URLScheme` UInt64,
    `OpenstatServiceNameHash` UInt64,
    `OpenstatCampaignIDHash` UInt64,
    `OpenstatAdIDHash` UInt64,
    `OpenstatSourceIDHash` UInt64,
    `UTMSourceHash` UInt64,
    `UTMMediumHash` UInt64,
    `UTMCampaignHash` UInt64,
    `UTMContentHash` UInt64,
    `UTMTermHash` UInt64,
    `FromHash` UInt64,
    `WebVisorEnabled` UInt8,
    `WebVisorActivity` UInt32,
    `ParsedParams` Nested(
        Key1 String,
        Key2 String,
        Key3 String,
        Key4 String,
        Key5 String,
        ValueDouble Float64),
    `Market` Nested(
        Type UInt8,
        GoalID UInt32,
        OrderID String,
        OrderPrice Int64,
        PP UInt32,
        DirectPlaceID UInt32,
        DirectOrderID UInt32,
        DirectBannerID UInt32,
        GoodID String,
        GoodName String,
        GoodQuantity Int32,
        GoodPrice Int64),
    `IslandID` FixedString(16)
)
ENGINE = CollapsingMergeTree(Sign)
PARTITION BY toYYYYMM(StartDate)
ORDER BY (CounterID, StartDate, intHash32(UserID), VisitID)
SAMPLE BY intHash32(UserID)

3）导入数据--容器终端执行

        数据导入到clickhouse是通过INSERT INTO方式完成的。

clickhouse-client --query "INSERT INTO tutorial.hits_v1 FORMAT TSV" --max_insert_block_size=100000 < hits_v1.tsv
clickhouse-client --query "INSERT INTO tutorial.visits_v1 FORMAT TSV" --max_insert_block_size=100000 < visits_v1.tsv

4）查看是否导入成功

clickhouse-client --query "OPTIMIZE TABLE tutorial.hits_v1 FINAL"
clickhouse-client --query "OPTIMIZE TABLE tutorial.visits_v1 FINAL"

5）查询示例

先使用clikchouse-client链接数据库

SELECT
    StartURL AS URL,
    AVG(Duration) AS AvgDuration
FROM tutorial.visits_v1
WHERE StartDate BETWEEN '2014-03-23' AND '2014-03-30'
GROUP BY URL
ORDER BY AvgDuration DESC
LIMIT 10

SELECT
    sum(Sign) AS visits,
    sumIf(Sign, has(Goals.ID, 1105530)) AS goal_visits,
    (100. * goal_visits) / visits AS goal_percent
FROM tutorial.visits_v1
WHERE (CounterID = 912887) AND (toYYYYMM(StartDate) = 201403) AND (domain(StartURL) = 'yandex.ru')

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1. 列式存储：ClickHouse将数据按列存储，这样在执行聚合查询或只涉及部分列的操作时，可以减少不必要的I/O，提高查询效率。列式存储对于大数据分析场景尤为适用。 2. 行式存储：传统的关系型数据库如MySQL通常采用...
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ClickHouse 学习笔记是关于学习 ClickHouse 各种特性、功能和性能优化的总结和心得。ClickHouse 是一个开源的列式存储数据库管理系统(DBMS)，适用于大规模数据分析和实时查询。本文将围绕 ClickHouse 的入门、安装、...
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