SpringBoot发送mail邮件

基于JavaMailSender相关api发送邮件

1.导入maven依赖：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.Mail自动配置类：MailSenderAutoConfiguration

//MailSenderAutoConfiguration
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ MimeMessage.class, MimeType.class })
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(MailSender.class)
@Conditional(MailSenderCondition.class)
@EnableConfigurationProperties(MailProperties.class)
@Import(JndiSessionConfiguration.class)
public class MailSenderAutoConfiguration {

private final MailProperties properties;

private final Session session;

public MailSenderAutoConfiguration(MailProperties properties,
		ObjectProvider<Session> session) {
	this.properties = properties;
	this.session = session.getIfAvailable();
}

@Bean
public JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender() {
	JavaMailSenderImpl sender = new JavaMailSenderImpl();
	if (this.session != null) {
		sender.setSession(this.session);
	}
	else {
		applyProperties(sender);
	}
	return sender;
}

//other code...
}

首先，它会通过注入Mail的属性配置类MailProperties：
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = “spring.mail”)
public class MailProperties {

private static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = Charset.forName("UTF-8");

/**
 * SMTP server host.
 */
private String host;

/**
 * SMTP server port.
 */
private Integer port;

/**
 * Login user of the SMTP server.
 */
private String username;

/**
 * Login password of the SMTP server.
 */
private String password;

/**
 * Protocol used by the SMTP server.
 */
private String protocol = "smtp";

/**
 * Default MimeMessage encoding.
 */
private Charset defaultEncoding = DEFAULT_CHARSET;

/**
 * Additional JavaMail session properties.
 */
private Map<String, String> properties = new HashMap<String, String>();

/**
 * Session JNDI name. When set, takes precedence to others mail settings.
 */
private String jndiName;

/**
 * Test that the mail server is available on startup.
 */
private boolean testConnection;

//other code...
}

在MailSenderAutoConfiguration自动配置类中，创建了一个Bean，其类为JavaMailSenderImpl，它是Spring专门用来发送Mail邮件的服务类，SpringBoot也使用它来发送邮件。它是JavaMailSender接口的实现类，通过它的send()方法来发送不同类型的邮件，主要分为两类，一类是简单的文本邮件，不带任何html格式，不带附件，不带图片等简单邮件，还有一类则是带有html格式文本或者链接，有附件或者图片的复杂邮件。

3.通用的配置application.yml

spring: 
  mail:
    host: smtp.qq.com      # 设置邮箱主机
    password: xxxxxxxxx  #  设置密码，该处的密码是QQ邮箱开启SMTP的授权码而非QQ密码
    username: xxxxxxxx@qq.com   # 设置用户名
    properties:
      mail:
        smtp:
          auth: true    #设置是否需要认证，如果为true,那么用户名和密码就必须的  # 如果设置false，可以不设置用户名和密码，当然也得看你的对接的平台是否支持无密码进行访问的。
          starttls:
            enable: true  # STARTTLS[1]  是对纯文本通信协议的扩展。它提供一种方式将纯文本连接升级为加密连接（TLS或SSL），而不是另外使用一个端口作加密通信。
            required: true

由于使用QQ邮箱的用户占多数，所以这里选择QQ邮箱作为测试。还有注意的是spring.mail.password这个值不是QQ邮箱的密码，而是QQ邮箱给第三方客户端邮箱生成的授权码。具体要登录QQ邮箱，点击设置，找到SMTP服务：

默认SMTP服务是关闭的，即默认状态为关闭状态，如果是第一次操作，点击开启后，会通过验证会获取到授权码；而我之前已经开启过SMTP服务，所以直接点击生成授权码后通过验证获取到授权码。

4.测试代码：

package cn.stylefeng.guns.sendMessage;

import cn.stylefeng.guns.base.BaseJunit;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.File;

/**
 * @author hxj
 * @title: SendEmail
 * @date 2019/9/1015:03
 */
public class SendEmail extends BaseJunit {

    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")
    private String from;
    private static String to = "74xxxxx7@qq.com";

    @Resource
    private JavaMailSender javaMailSender;

    @Test
    public void sendSimpleMail(){
        SimpleMailMessage mailMessage = new SimpleMailMessage();
        mailMessage.setFrom(from);
        mailMessage.setTo(to);

        mailMessage.setSubject("测试springboot发送邮件");
        mailMessage.setText("接收到这条消息后，那么邮件发送成功");

        javaMailSender.send(mailMessage);
        System.out.println("================================");

    }

    @Test
    public void sendImgOrTestMail() throws MessagingException {
        MimeMessage mimeMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);

    mimeMessageHelper.setFrom(from);
    mimeMessageHelper.setTo(to);

    mimeMessageHelper.setSubject("测试img图片邮件发送！");
    mimeMessageHelper.setText("img", true);
    try{
        File file = new File("C:\\Users\\hxj\\Pictures\\Saved Pictures\\timg.jpg");
       if(file.exists()){
           mimeMessageHelper.addAttachment(file.getName(),file);
       }
    }catch(MessagingException e){
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    javaMailSender.send(mimeMessage);
  }

public void sendHtmlNessage() throws MessagingException {
    MimeMessage mimeMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();

    MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);

    mimeMessageHelper.setFrom(from);
    mimeMessageHelper.setTo(to);

       // Configuration configuration = new  Configuration(Configuration.VERSION_2_3_28);
//Configuration configuration = new Configuration(Configuration.VERSION_2_3_28);
  //  configuration.setClassForTemplateLoading(this.getClass(), "/templates");

   // String html = FreeMarkerTemplateUtils.processTemplateIntoString(configuration.getTemplate("mail.ftl"), params);

//helper.setSubject(subject);
//helper.setText(html, true);//重点，默认为false，显示原始html代码，无效果

javaMailSender.send(mimeMessage);

  }
}