Linux安装Mysql 8.0步骤

参考博客 

https://blog.csdn.net/m0_70556273/article/details/126490767

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_61672548/article/details/125629138

https://www.runoob.com/note/40579

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35124072/article/details/122867295

1、下载mysql 8.X

官网下载 https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz   

约800M大小

2、创建文件夹并解压

mkdir /use/local/mysql

tar xvJf mysql-8.0.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

3、移动文件到mysql文件下

mv mysql-8.0.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql-8.0

4、/use/local/mysql文件夹下创建data文件夹 存储文件

mkdir data

5、分别创建用户组以及用户

groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql

6、授权用户

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0
chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql/data -R

7、配置全局mysql命令（可能需要重启系统才能生效）

vim /etc/profile

在最后一行添加
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0/bin:/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0/lib

8、编辑mysql配置

vi /etc/my.cnf

先全部注释原来的内容，再复制下面内容

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8mb4
[client]
#port=3306
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
#port=3306
#server-id=3306
user=mysql
general_log = 1
general_log_file= /var/log/mysql/mysql.log
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-bin
innodb_data_home_dir=/usr/local/mysql/data
innodb_log_group_home_dir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
character-set-server=utf8mb4
lower_case_table_names=1
autocommit=1
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
symbolic-links=0
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.log
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid

#
# include all files from the config directory

9、运行初始化mysql

cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0/bin

./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ --initialize

这步可能报错：data文件夹内存在文件，则先删除之前创建的data文件夹

rm -rf /use/local/mysql/data

也有可能报错：没有找到命令libaio，需要先安装libaio

yum  install -y libaio.so.1
yum  install -y libaio

运行无任何error则进行下一步

10、复制 mysql.server 文件，在/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0目录下执行

cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0

cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql 

cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

11、赋予权限

chown 777 /etc/my.cnf
chmod 777 /etc/init.d/mysql
chmod 777 /etc/init.d/mysqld

12、创建mysql.log

cd /var/log
mkdir mysql
cd mysql/
touch mysql.log

chmod 777 /var/log/mysql/mysql.log

mkdir /var/lib/mysql 
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/ 

13、启动服务

service mysql start 

出现success则成功

以后重启mysql命令:  /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
关闭： /etc/init.d/mysqld stop

14、修改mysql root用户密码

修改my.cnf，使得可以无密码登录

vim /etc/my.cnf

在[mysqld]下面增加一行：
skip-grant-tables

15、重启mysql服务，使配置生效

/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

16、进入mysql

执行命令

mysql 

进入之后使用mysql表

use mysql;

将root用户密码置空

 update user set authentication_string = '' where user = 'root';

退出mysql

exit;

17、将第14步的修改注释

vim /etc/my.cnf

注释掉:  #skip-grant-tables

重启服务

/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

18、登录mysql 不需要输入密码

mysql -u root -p 
（不要输入密码，直接敲回车）

修改密码 

ALTER user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '你的密码';

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

19、结束