numpy_6

import numpy as np
#1:8*8棋盘矩阵，其中1、3、5、7行&&0、2、4、6列的元素置为1   1 ,3，5，7列&&0,2,4,6行也是1
z = np.zeros((8,8),dtype=int)
z[1::2,::2] = 1
z[::2,1::2] = 1
print(z)

[[0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1]
 [1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0]
 [0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1]
 [1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0]
 [0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1]
 [1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0]
 [0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1]
 [1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0]]

#2：min()、max()函数

z = np.random.random((10,10))
zmin,zmax = z.min(),z.max()

#归一化，将矩阵规格化到0～1，即最小的变成0，最大的变成1，最小与最大之间的等比缩放
z = 10*np.random.random((5,5))
print (z)
zmin,zmax = z.min(),z.max()
z = (z-zmin)/(zmax-zmin)
print (z)

[[7.859155   2.54665689 4.12422994 8.29287646 2.79145193]
 [2.54614915 7.22805566 7.97246432 2.22338251 2.27195487]
 [4.76918768 5.2608002  9.19613039 5.6428956  5.3288953 ]
 [6.36067744 6.31773143 8.85089199 0.87364709 5.52793825]
 [3.1245222  9.85957796 1.06459819 0.7111382  1.08639015]]
[[0.78133725 0.20063735 0.37307911 0.82874659 0.22739547]
 [0.20058185 0.71235289 0.7937229  0.16530079 0.17061015]
 [0.44357831 0.49731562 0.9274797  0.5390818  0.50475898]
 [0.61754128 0.61284693 0.8897423  0.01776356 0.52651601]
 [0.2638028  1.         0.0386361  0.         0.04101814]]

#矩阵相加
z = np.zeros((5,5))
z += np.arange(5)
print (np.arange(5))
print (z)

[0 1 2 3 4]
[[0. 1. 2. 3. 4.]
 [0. 1. 2. 3. 4.]
 [0. 1. 2. 3. 4.]
 [0. 1. 2. 3. 4.]
 [0. 1. 2. 3. 4.]]

#生成0~10之间均匀分布的11个数，包括0和10

z = np.linspace(0,10,11,endpoint=True,retstep=True)
print (z)

(array([ 0.,  1.,  2.,  3.,  4.,  5.,  6.,  7.,  8.,  9., 10.]), 1.0)

help(np.linspace)

Help on function linspace in module numpy.core.function_base:

linspace(start, stop, num=50, endpoint=True, retstep=False, dtype=None)
    Return evenly spaced numbers over a specified interval.
    
    Returns `num` evenly spaced samples, calculated over the
    interval [`start`, `stop`].
    
    The endpoint of the interval can optionally be excluded.
    
    Parameters
    ----------
    start : scalar
        The starting value of the sequence.
    stop : scalar
        The end value of the sequence, unless `endpoint` is set to False.
        In that case, the sequence consists of all but the last of ``num + 1``
        evenly spaced samples, so that `stop` is excluded.  Note that the step
        size changes when `endpoint` is False.
    num : int, optional
        Number of samples to generate. Default is 50. Must be non-negative.
    endpoint : bool, optional
        If True, `stop` is the last sample. Otherwise, it is not included.
        Default is True.
    retstep : bool, optional
        If True, return (`samples`, `step`), where `step` is the spacing
        between samples.
    dtype : dtype, optional
        The type of the output array.  If `dtype` is not given, infer the data
        type from the other input arguments.
    
        .. versionadded:: 1.9.0
    
    Returns
    -------
    samples : ndarray
        There are `num` equally spaced samples in the closed interval
        ``[start, stop]`` or the half-open interval ``[start, stop)``
        (depending on whether `endpoint` is True or False).
    step : float
        Only returned if `retstep` is True
    
        Size of spacing between samples.
    
    
    See Also
    --------
    arange : Similar to `linspace`, but uses a step size (instead of the
             number of samples).
    logspace : Samples uniformly distributed in log space.
    
    Examples
    --------
    >>> np.linspace(2.0, 3.0, num=5)
        array([ 2.  ,  2.25,  2.5 ,  2.75,  3.  ])
    >>> np.linspace(2.0, 3.0, num=5, endpoint=False)
        array([ 2. ,  2.2,  2.4,  2.6,  2.8])
    >>> np.linspace(2.0, 3.0, num=5, retstep=True)
        (array([ 2.  ,  2.25,  2.5 ,  2.75,  3.  ]), 0.25)
    
    Graphical illustration:
    
    >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    >>> N = 8
    >>> y = np.zeros(N)
    >>> x1 = np.linspace(0, 10, N, endpoint=True)
    >>> x2 = np.linspace(0, 10, N, endpoint=False)
    >>> plt.plot(x1, y, 'o')
    [<matplotlib.lines.Line2D object at 0x...>]
    >>> plt.plot(x2, y + 0.5, 'o')
    [<matplotlib.lines.Line2D object at 0x...>]
    >>> plt.ylim([-0.5, 1])
    (-0.5, 1)
    >>> plt.show()