ubuntu18.04换源
cd /etc/apt
cp sources.list sources.list.bak
sudo vim sources.list #删除里面的内容,加入以下清华源
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度,如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# 预发布软件源,不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
更新资源列表
sudo apt update
安装桌面
sudo apt install ubuntu-desktop
安装ROS
加入ros安装源
sudo sh -c '. /etc/lsb-release && echo "deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ros/ubuntu/ $DISTRIB_CODENAME main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ros-latest.list'
设置key
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver 'hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80' --recv-key C1CF6E31E6BADE8868B172B4F42ED6FBAB17C654
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ros-melodic-desktop-full
安装并初始化初始化rosdep
sudo apt install python-rosdep
sudo rosdep init
如果出现一下错误
ERROR: cannot download default sources list from:
https://raw.githubusercontent.com
可以进行一下操作
sudo vim /etc/hosts
在最后一行添加
151.101.84.133 raw.githubusercontent.com
然后继续执行
sudo rosdep init
rosdep update
设置环境变量,便于shell中更好的调用ros命令
echo "source /opt/ros/melodic/setup.bash">> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc #这行可能报错,可以换成 source /opt/ros/melodic/setup.bash
构建软甲包依赖关系
sudo apt-get install python-rosinstall python-rosinstall-generator python-wstool build-essential
rosdep update命令可能会报以下错误
ERROR: cannot download default sources list from:
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/sources.list.d/20-default.list
Website may be down.
解决方案
sudo mkdir -p /etc/ros/rosdep/sources.list.d
cd /etc/ros/rosdep/sources.list.d
sudo vim 20-default.list #创建20-default.list
在20-default.list文价中加入
# os-specific listings first
yaml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/osx-homebrew.yaml osx
# generic
yaml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/base.yaml
yaml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/python.yaml
yaml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/ruby.yaml
gbpdistro https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/releases/fuerte.yaml fuerte
# newer distributions (Groovy, Hydro, ...) must not be listed anymore, they are being fetched from the rosdistro index.yaml instead
或者加入
# os-specific listings first
yaml https://raw.github.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/osx-homebrew.yaml osx
# generic
yaml https://raw.github.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/base.yaml
yaml https://raw.github.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/python.yaml
yaml https://raw.github.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/ruby.yaml
gbpdistro https://raw.github.com/ros/rosdistro/master/releases/fuerte.yaml fuerte
# newer distributions (Groovy, Hydro, ...) must not be listed anymore, they are being fetched from the rosdistro index.yaml instead
重新执行
rosdep update