JPA学习笔记_1

标准化:  提供相同的 API，这保证了基于JPA 开发的企业应用能够经过少量的修改就能够在不同的 JPA 框架下运行。
简单易用，集成方便:  JPA 的主要目标之一就是提供更加简单的编程模型，在 JPA 框架下创建实体和创建 Java  类一样简单，只需要使用 javax.persistence.Entity 进行注释；JPA 的框架和接口也都非常简单，
可媲美JDBC的查询能力:  JPA的查询语言是面向对象的，JPA定义了独特的JPQL，而且能够支持批量更新和修改、JOIN、GROUP BY、HAVING 等通常只有 SQL 才能够提供的高级查询特性，甚至还能够支持子查询。

支持面向对象的高级特性: JPA 中能够支持面向对象的高级特性，如类之间的继承、多态和类之间的复杂关系，最大限度的使用面向对象的模型

首先在eclipse下面创建jpa

persistence.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd">
<persistence-unit name="jpa-1" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
<!--  配置使用什么orm产口来作为jpa的实现  -->

<provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence </provider>

<!-- 添加持久化类 -->
<class>com.huawei.test.Customer</class>
<properties> 
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql:///spring"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="root"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="123456"/>

<!--  配置jpa产品的属性 -->
<property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true"/>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"/>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>

定义

customer.java

package com.huawei.test;


import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;


@Table(name="JPA_CUSTOMERS")
@Entity
public class Customer {


private Integer id;
private String lastName;
private String email;
private int age;



@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
@Id
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
@Column(name="LAST_NAME")
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}


}

最后是main.java

package com.huawei.test;


import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;


public class Main {


public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建 EntityManagerFactorty
String persistenceUnitName="jpa-1";
EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory 
= Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(persistenceUnitName);
//创建 EntityManager

EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
//开始事务
EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
transaction.begin();
//进行持久化操作
Customer customer = new Customer();
customer.setAge(100);
customer.setEmail("huawei.com");
customer.setLastName("Tom");
entityManager.persist(customer);
//提交事务
transaction.commit();

//关闭
entityManager.close();
entityManagerFactory.close();

}
}

最后数据库中会自动生成表