conda 创建虚拟环境，安装tensorflow，PyQt5 绘制 GUI，Pyinstaller 打包 .py 为 exe

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一、使用conda创建Python虚拟环境

1. 常用conda命令

conda info --env  # 查看已有的虚拟环境
conda activate xxx   # 激活虚拟环境，xxx为虚拟环境名称
conda deactivate xxx  # 退出当前虚拟环境，退回到base环境
conda list  # 查看当前环境下安装了哪些包
conda search xxx  # 查找xxx包的版本信息
conda create -n xxx python=3.6 # 创建指定Python版本为3.6的虚拟环境，xxx为虚拟环境名称
conda remove -n xxx --all  # 完全删除名为xxx的虚拟环境（可用于虚拟环境重命名）

注：创建虚拟环境时，一定要在base环境下输入conda create -n xxx python=3.6

2.命令效果展示

（1）查看已有的虚拟环境

# 查看已有的虚拟环境
(base) C:\Users\dekan>conda info --env
# conda environments:
#
base                  *  D:\Python_Anaconda_Install_Path
tensorflow               D:\Python_Anaconda_Install_Path\envs\tensorflow
tensorflow-1.15.2        D:\Python_Anaconda_Install_Path\envs\tensorflow-1.15.2
tensorflow-1.7.0         D:\Python_Anaconda_Install_Path\envs\tensorflow-1.7.0

（2）激活虚拟环境，xxx为虚拟环境名称

(base) C:\Users\dekan>conda activate tensorflow
(tensorflow) C:\Users\dekan>

（3）退出当前虚拟环境，退回到base环境

(tensorflow) C:\Users\dekan>conda deactivate
(base) C:\Users\dekan>

（4）查看当前环境下安装了哪些包

(base) C:\Users\dekan>conda list
# packages in environment at D:\Python_Anaconda_Install_Path:
#
# Name                    Version                   Build  Channel
_anaconda_depends         2019.10                  py37_0    https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
_ipyw_jlab_nb_ext_conf    0.1.0                    py37_0    defaults
alabaster                 0.7.11                   py37_0    defaults
altgraph                  0.17                     pypi_0    pypi
anaconda                  custom                   py37_1    https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
...
... # 中间省略居多内容，全都是python包
...
zope                      1.0                      py37_1    defaults
zope.interface            4.5.0            py37hfa6e2cd_0    defaults
zstd                      1.3.7                h508b16e_0    https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main

（5）查找xxx包的版本信息

(base) C:\Users\dekan>conda search tensorflow
Loading channels: done
# Name                       Version           Build  Channel
tensorflow                    0.12.1          py35_1  anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
tensorflow                    0.12.1          py35_2  anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
...
...		# 中间省略巨多内容，全都是tensorflow的各个版本信息
...
tensorflow                     2.1.0 mkl_py37ha977152_0  anaconda/pkgs/main
tensorflow                     2.1.0 mkl_py37ha977152_0  pkgs/main

（6）创建Python版本为3.6的虚拟环境，xxx为虚拟环境名称

(base) C:\Users\dekan>conda create -n text_detector python=3.6
Collecting package metadata (repodata.json): done
Solving environment: |
## Package Plan ##

  environment location: D:\Python_Anaconda_Install_Path\envs\text_detector

  added / updated specs:
    - python=3.6


The following packages will be downloaded:

    package                    |            build
    ---------------------------|-----------------
    pip-20.2.3                 |           py36_0         2.1 MB  https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
    python-3.6.12              |       h5500b2f_2        17.8 MB  https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
    setuptools-49.6.0          |           py36_1         957 KB  https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
    ------------------------------------------------------------
                                           Total:        20.8 MB

The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:

  certifi            anaconda/pkgs/main/win-64::certifi-2020.6.20-py36_0
  pip                anaconda/pkgs/main/win-64:</