OpenHarmony实战开发：PageAbility组件开发

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-13 22:25:52 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-13 22:25:52 发布

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分类专栏：鸿蒙5.0 ArkUI 文章标签： harmonyos 华为 android 鸿蒙 ArkUI

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39652397/article/details/142140496

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创建PageAbility

通过DevEco Studio开发平台创建PageAbility时，DevEco Studio会在app.js/app.ets中默认生成onCreate()和onDestroy()方法，其他方法需要开发者自行实现。接口说明参见前述章节，创建PageAbility示例如下：

import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility';
import Logger from '../utils/Logger';

const TAG: string = 'MainAbility';

class MainAbility {
  onCreate() {
    // 获取context并调用相关方法
    let context = featureAbility.getContext();
    context.getBundleName((data, bundleName) => {
      Logger.info(TAG, 'ability bundleName:' + bundleName);
    });
    Logger.info(TAG, 'Application onCreate');
  }

  onDestroy() {
    Logger.info(TAG, 'Application onDestroy');
  }

  onShow(): void {
    Logger.info(TAG, 'Application onShow');
  }

  onHide(): void {
    Logger.info(TAG, 'Application onHide');
  }

  onActive(): void {
    Logger.info(TAG, 'Application onActive');
  }

  onInactive(): void {
    Logger.info(TAG, 'Application onInactive');
  }

  onNewWant() {
    Logger.info(TAG, 'Application onNewWant');
  }
}

export default new MainAbility();

PageAbility创建成功后，其abilities相关的配置项在config.json中体现，一个名字为EntryAbility的config.json配置文件示例如下：

{
  ...
  "module": {
    ...
    "abilities": [
      {
        "skills": [
          {
            "entities": [
              "entity.system.home"
            ],
            "actions": [
              "action.system.home"
            ]
          }
        ],
        "orientation": "unspecified",
        "formsEnabled": false,
        "name": ".MainAbility",
        "srcLanguage": "ets",
        "srcPath": "MainAbility",
        "icon": "$media:icon",
        "description": "$string:MainAbility_desc",
        "label": "$string:MainAbility_label",
        "type": "page",
        "visible": true,
        "launchType": "singleton"
      },
      ...
    ]
    ...
  }
}

FA模型中，可以通过featureAbility的getContext接口获取应用上下文，进而使用上下文提供的能力。

表1 featureAbility接口说明

接口名	接口描述
getContext()	获取应用上下文。

通过getContext获取应用上下文并获取分布式目录的示例如下：

import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility';
import fs from '@ohos.file.fs';
import promptAction from '@ohos.promptAction';
import Logger from '../../utils/Logger';

const TAG: string = 'PagePageAbilityFirst';

(async (): Promise<void> => {
  let dir: string;
  try {
    Logger.info(TAG, 'Begin to getOrCreateDistributedDir');
    dir = await featureAbility.getContext().getOrCreateDistributedDir();
    promptAction.showToast({
      message: dir
    });
    Logger.info(TAG, 'distribute dir is ' + dir);
    let fd: number;
    let path = dir + '/a.txt';
    fd = fs.openSync(path, fs.OpenMode.READ_WRITE).fd;
    fs.close(fd);
  } catch (error) {
    Logger.error(TAG, `getOrCreateDistributedDir failed with : ${error}`);
  }
})()

启动本地PageAbility

PageAbility相关的能力通过featureAbility提供，启动本地Ability通过featureAbility中的startAbility接口实现。

表1 featureAbility接口说明

接口名	接口描述
startAbility(parameter: StartAbilityParameter)	启动Ability。
startAbilityForResult(parameter: StartAbilityParameter)	启动Ability，并在该Ability被销毁时返回执行结果。

如下示例通过startAbility显式启动PageAbility。启动Ability的参数包含want，隐式启动与显式启动也不在此赘述。

import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility'
import Want from '@ohos.app.ability.Want';
import Logger from '../../utils/Logger';

const TAG: string = 'PagePageAbilityFirst';

(async (): Promise<void> => {
  try {
    Logger.info(TAG, 'Begin to start ability');
    let want: Want = {
      bundleName: 'com.samples.famodelabilitydevelop',
      moduleName: 'entry',
      abilityName: 'com.samples.famodelabilitydevelop.PageAbilitySingleton'
    };
    await featureAbility.startAbility({ want: want });
    Logger.info(TAG, `Start ability succeed`);
  }
  catch (error) {
    Logger.error(TAG, 'Start ability failed with ' + error);
  }
})()

停止PageAbility

停止PageAbility通过featureAbility中的terminateSelf接口实现。

表1 featureAbility接口说明

接口名	接口描述
terminateSelf()	停止Ability。
terminateSelfWithResult(parameter: AbilityResult)	设置该PageAbility停止时返回给调用者的结果及数据并停止Ability。

如下示例展示了停止Ability的方法。

import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility';
import Logger from '../../utils/Logger';

const TAG: string = 'PagePageAbilityFirst';

(async (): Promise<void> => {
  try {
    Logger.info(TAG, 'Begin to terminateSelf');
    await featureAbility.terminateSelf();
    Logger.info(TAG, 'terminateSelf succeed');
  } catch (error) {
    Logger.error(TAG, 'terminateSelf failed with ' + error);
  }
})()