【K210+micropython】驱动ssd1306 OLED显示屏（I2C）

【K210+micropython】驱动ssd1306显示屏

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相关知识准备

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一、I2C和SPI

ssd1306有两种通信协议：I2C（4引脚）和SPI（7引脚）。我实验用到的是I2C的ssd1306，所以这里只介绍I2C，但是I2C又在上一章讲过了，所以请移步至上一章。
SPI协议的我还没有用过，但是想要了解SPI相关知识的可以参看machine.SPI

二、ssd1306 OLED显示屏

这款显示屏尺寸约为0.96英寸，由SSD1306驱动，驱动接口I2C

这个显示屏好像只有黑白两种颜色，连灰度都没得。。

接线如:

K210	SSD1306 OLED
VCC	VCC
GND	GND
SCL(引脚28，i2c)	SCL
SDA(引脚29，i2c)	SDA

三、ssd1306驱动库

这个framebuf库很有必要细说一下。当我第一次导入网上的ssd1306.py库时，报错找不到framebuf模块。于是我就纳闷了，难不成k210最新固件里没有这个模块？？？换了块esp8266的板子，顺利运行。
这就奇了怪了，翻看k210固件源码仓库：

最后找到了一个叫做framebuffer的库，会不会这个库没有被编译进去？于是我又各种捣鼓了半天，发现确实没有。。。不知道是否是我imort的方式有问题，反正就是无果。后来，就上github上找了一个Adafruit的ssd1306驱动库，再修改了其中的framebuf.py文件。

在此感谢github上的所有contributors。

framebuf.py：

# The MIT License (MIT)
#
# Copyright (c) 2018 Kattni Rembor for Adafruit Industries
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
# THE SOFTWARE.
"""
`adafruit_framebuf`
====================================================
CircuitPython pure-python framebuf module, based on the micropython framebuf module.
* Author(s): Kattni Rembor, Tony DiCola, original file created by Damien P. George
Implementation Notes
--------------------
**Hardware:**
* `Adafruit SSD1306 OLED displays <https://www.adafruit.com/?q=ssd1306>`_
**Software and Dependencies:**
* Adafruit CircuitPython firmware for the supported boards:
  https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/releases
"""

__version__ = "0.0.0-auto.0"
__repo__ = "https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_framebuf.git"

import os
import struct
import font

# Framebuf format constants:
MVLSB = 0  # Single bit displays (like SSD1306 OLED)
RGB565 = 1  # 16-bit color displays
GS4_HMSB = 2  # Unimplemented!
MHMSB = 3  # Single bit displays like the Sharp Memory


class MHMSBFormat:
    """MHMSBFormat"""

    @staticmethod
    def set_pixel(framebuf, x, y, color):
        """Set a given pixel to a color."""
        index = (y * framebuf.stride + x) // 8
        offset = 7 - x & 0x07
        framebuf.buf[index] = (framebuf.buf[index] & ~(0x01 << offset)) | (
            (color != 0) << offset
        )

    @staticmethod
    def get_pixel(framebuf, x, y):
        """Get the color of a given pixel"""
        index = (y * framebuf.stride + x) // 8
        offset = 7 - x & 0x07
        return (framebuf.buf[index] >> offset) & 0x01

    @staticmethod
    def fill(framebuf, color):
        """completely fill/clear the buffer with a color"""
        if color:
            fill = 0xFF
        else:
            fill = 0x00
        for i in range(len(framebuf.buf)):
            framebuf.buf[i] = fill

    @staticmethod
    def fill_rect(framebuf, x, y, width, height, color):
        """Draw a rectangle at the given location, size and color. The ``fill_rect`` method draws
        both the outline and interior."""
        # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
        for _x in range(x, x + width):
            offset = 7 - _x & 0x07
            for _y in range(y, y + height):
                index = (_y * framebuf.stride + _x) // 8
                framebuf.buf[index] = (framebuf.buf[index] & ~(0x01 << offset)) | (
                    (color != 0) << offset
                )


class MVLSBFormat:
    """MVLSBFormat"""

    @staticmethod
    def set_pixel(framebuf, x, y, color):
        """Set a given pixel to a color."""
        index = (y >> 3) * framebuf.stride + x
        offset = y & 0x07
        framebuf.buf[index] = (framebuf.buf[index] & ~(0x01 << offset)) | (
            (color != 0) << offset
        )

    @staticmethod
    def get_pixel(framebuf, x, y):
        """Get the color of a given pixel"""
        index = (y >> 3) * framebuf.stride + x
        offset = y & 0x07
        return (framebuf.buf[index] >> offset) & 0x01

    @staticmethod
    def fill(framebuf, color):
        """completely fill/clear the buffer with a color"""
        if color:
            fill = 0xFF
        else:
            fill = 0x00
        for i in range(len(framebuf.buf)):
            framebuf.buf[i] = fill

    @staticmethod
    def fill_rect(framebuf, x, y, width, height, color):
        """Draw a rectangle at the given location, size and color. The ``fill_rect`` method draws
        both the outline and interior."""
        # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
        while height > 0:
            index = (y >> 3) * framebuf.stride + x
            offset = y & 0x07
            for w_w in range(width):
                framebuf.buf[index + w_w] = (
                    framebuf.buf[index + w_w] & ~(0x01 << offset)
                ) | ((color != 0) << offset)
            y += 1
            height -= 1


class FrameBuffer:
    """FrameBuffer object.
    :param buf: An object with a buffer protocol which must be large enough to contain every
                pixel defined by the width, height and format of the FrameBuffer.
    :param width: The width of the FrameBuffer in pixel
    :param height: The height of the FrameBuffer in pixel
    :param buf_format: Specifies the type of pixel used in the FrameBuffer; permissible values
                        are listed under Constants below. These set the number of bits used to
                        encode a color value and the layout of these bits in ``buf``. Where a
                        color value c is passed to a method, c is  a small integer with an encoding
                        that is dependent on the format of the FrameBuffer.
    :param stride: The number of pixels between each horizontal line of pixels in the
                   FrameBuffer. This defaults to ``width`` but may need adjustments when
                   implementing a FrameBuffer within another larger FrameBuffer or screen. The
                   ``buf`` size must accommodate an increased step size.
    """

    def __init__(self, buf, width, height, buf_format=MVLSB, stride=None):
        # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
        self.buf = buf
        self.width = width
        self.height = height
        self.stride = stride
        self._font = None
        if self.stride is None:
            self.stride = width
        if buf_format == MVLSB:
            self.format = MVLSBFormat()
        elif buf_format == MHMSB:
            self.format = MHMSBFormat()
        else:
            raise ValueError("invalid format")
        self._rotation = 0

    @property
    def rotation(self):
        """The rotation setting of the display, can be one of (0, 1, 2, 3)"""
        return self._rotation

    @rotation.setter
    def rotation(self, val):
        if not val in (0, 1, 2, 3):
            raise RuntimeError("Bad rotation setting")
        self._rotation = val

    def fill(self, color):
        """Fill the entire FrameBuffer with the specified color."""
        self.format.fill(self, color)

    def fill_rect(self, x, y, width, height, color):
        """Draw a rectangle at the given location, size and color. The ``fill_rect`` method draws
        both the outline and interior."""
        # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments, too-many-boolean-expressions
        self.rect(x, y, width, height, color, fill=True)

    def pixel(self, x, y, color=None):
        """If ``color`` is not given, get the color value of the specified pixel. If ``color`` is
        given, set the specified pixel to the given color."""
        if self.rotation == 1:
            x, y = y, x
            x = self.width - x - 1
        if self.rotation == 2:
            x = self.width - x - 1
            y = self.height - y - 1
        if self.rotation == 3:
            x, y = y, x
            y = self.height - y - 1

        if x < 0 or x >= self.width or y < 0 or y >= self.height:
            return None
        if color is None:
            return self.format.get_pixel(self, x, y)
        self.format.set_pixel(self, x, y, color)
        return None

    def hline(self, x, y, width, color):
        """Draw a horizontal line up to a given length."""
        self.rect(x, y, width, 1, color, fill=True)

    def vline(self, x, y, height, color):
        """Draw a vertical line up to a given length."""
        self.rect(x, y, 1, height, color, fill=True)

    def circle(self, center_x, center_y, radius, color):
        """Draw a circle at the given midpoint location, radius and color.
        The ```circle```method draws only a 1 pixel outline."""
        x = radius - 1
        y = 0
        d_x = 1
        d_y = 1
        err = d_x - (radius << 1)
        while x >= y:
            self.pixel(center_x + x, center_y + y, color)
            self.pixel(center_x + y, center_y + x, color)
            self.pixel(center_x - y, center_y + x, color)
            self.pixel(center_x - x, center_y + y, color)
            self.pixel(center_x - x, center_y - y, color)
            self.pixel(center_x - y, center_y - x, color)
            self.pixel(center_x + y, center_y - x, color)
            self.pixel(center_x + x, center_y - y, color)
            if err <= 0:
                y += 1
                err += d_y
                d_y += 2
            if err > 0:
                x -= 1
                d_x += 2
                err += d_x - (radius << 1)

    def rect(self, x, y, width, height, color, *, fill=False):
        """Draw a rectangle at the given location, size and color. The ```rect```method draws only
        a 1 pixel outline."""
        # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
        if self.rotation == 1:
            x, y = y, x
            width, height = height, width
            x = self.width - x - width
        if self.rotation == 2:
            x = self.width - x - width
            y = self.height - y - height
        if self.rotation == 3:
            x, y = y, x
            width, height = height, width
            y = self.height - y - height

        # pylint: disable=too-many-boolean-expressions
        if (
            width < 1
            or height < 1
            or (x + width) <= 0
            or (y + height) <= 0
            or y >= self.height
            or x >= self.width
        ):
            return
        x_end = min(self.width - 1, x + width - 1)
        y_end = min(self.height - 1, y + height - 1)
        x = max(x, 0)
        y = max(y, 0)
        if fill:
            self.format.fill_rect(self, x, y, x_end - x + 1, y_end - y + 1, color)
        else:
            self.format.fill_rect(self, x, y, x_end - x + 1, 1, color)
            self.format.fill_rect(self, x, y, 1, y_end - y + 1, color)
            self.format.fill_rect(self, x, y_end, x_end - x + 1, 1, color)
            self.format.fill_rect(self, x_end, y, 1, y_end - y + 1, color)

    def line(self, x_0, y_0, x_1, y_1, color):
        # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
        """Bresenham's line algorithm"""
        d_x = abs(x_1 - x_0)
        d_y = abs(y_1 - y_0)
        x, y = x_0, y_0
        s_x = -1 if x_0 > x_1 else 1
        s_y = -1 if y_0 > y_1 else 1
        if d_x > d_y:
            err = d_x / 2.0
            while x != x_1:
                self.pixel(x, y, color)
                err -= d_y
                if err < 0:
                    y += s_y
                    err += d_x
                x += s_x
        else:
            err = d_y / 2.0
            while y != y_1:
                self.pixel(x, y, color)
                err -= d_x
                if err < 0:
                    x += s_x
                    err += d_y
                y += s_y
        self.pixel(x, y, color)

    def blit(self):
        """blit is not yet implemented"""
        raise NotImplementedError()

    def scroll(self, delta_x, delta_y):
        """shifts framebuf in x and y direction"""
        if delta_x < 0:
            shift_x = 0
            xend = self.width + delta_x
            dt_x = 1
        else:
            shift_x = self.width - 1
            xend = delta_x - 1
            dt_x = -1
        if delta_y < 0:
            y = 0
            yend = self.height + delta_y
            dt_y = 1
        else:
            y = self.height - 1
            yend = delta_y - 1
            dt_y = -1
        while y != yend:
            x = shift_x
            while x != xend:
                self.format.set_pixel(
                    self, x, y, self.format.get_pixel(self, x - delta_x, y - delta_y)
                )
                x += dt_x
            y += dt_y

    # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
    def text_origin(self, string, x, y, color, *, font_name="/sd/font5x8.bin", size=1):
        """Place text on the screen in variables sizes. Breaks on \n to next line.
        Does not break on line going off screen.
        """
        for chunk in string.split("\n"):
            if not self._font or self._font.font_name != font_name:
                # load the font!
                self._font = BitmapFont(font_name)
            w = self._font.font_width
            for i, char in enumerate(chunk):
                self._font.draw_char(
                    char, x + (i * (w + 1)) * size, y, self, color, size=size
                )
            y += self._font.font_height * size

    # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
    def text(self, string, x, y, color, size=1):
        """Place text on the screen in variables sizes. Breaks on \n to next line.
        Does not break on line going off screen.
        """
        for chunk in string.split("\n"):
            self._font = MSTIFIY_Font()
            w = self._font.font_width
            for i, char in enumerate(chunk):
                self._font.draw_char(
                    char, x + (i * (w + 1)) * size, y, self, color, size=size
                )
            y += self._font.font_height * size



    # pylint: enable=too-many-arguments

    def image(self, img):
        """Set buffer to value of Python Imaging Library image.  The image should
        be in 1 bit mode and a size equal to the display size."""
        if img.mode != "1":
            raise ValueError("Image must be in mode 1.")
        imwidth, imheight = img.size
        if imwidth != self.width or imheight != self.height:
            raise ValueError(
                "Image must be same dimensions as display ({0}x{1}).".format(
                    self.width, self.height
                )
            )
        # Grab all the pixels from the image, faster than getpixel.
        pixels = img.load()
        # Clear buffer
        for i in range(len(self.buf)):
            self.buf[i] = 0
        # Iterate through the pixels
        for x in range(self.width):  # yes this double loop is slow,
            for y in range(self.height):  #  but these displays are small!
                if pixels[(x, y)]:
                    self.pixel(x, y, 1)  # only write if pixel is true


# MicroPython basic bitmap font renderer.
# Author: Tony DiCola
# License: MIT License (https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
class BitmapFont:
    """A helper class to read binary font tiles and 'seek' through them as a
    file to display in a framebuffer. We use file access so we dont waste 1KB
    of RAM on a font!"""

    def __init__(self, font_name="/sd/font5x8.bin"):
        # Specify the drawing area width and height, and the pixel function to
        # call when drawing pixels (should take an x and y param at least).
        # Optionally specify font_name to override the font file to use (default
        # is font5x8.bin).  The font format is a binary file with the following
        # format:
        # - 1 unsigned byte: font character width in pixels
        # - 1 unsigned byte: font character height in pixels
        # - x bytes: font data, in ASCII order covering all 255 characters.
        #            Each character should have a byte for each pixel column of
        #            data (i.e. a 5x8 font has 5 bytes per character).
        self.font_name = font_name

        # Open the font file and grab the character width and height values.
        # Note that only fonts up to 8 pixels tall are currently supported.
        try:
            self._font = open(self.font_name, "rb")
            self.font_width, self.font_height = struct.unpack("BB", self._font.read(2))
            # simple font file validation check based on expected file size
            if 2 + 256 * self.font_width != os.stat(font_name)[6]:
                raise RuntimeError("Invalid font file: " + font_name)
        except OSError:
            print("Could not find font file", font_name)
            raise
        except OverflowError:
            # os.stat can throw this on boards without long int support
            # just hope the font file is valid and press on
            pass

    def deinit(self):
        """Close the font file as cleanup."""
        self._font.close()

    def __enter__(self):
        """Initialize/open the font file"""
        self.__init__()
        return self

    def __exit__(self, exception_type, exception_value, traceback):
        """cleanup on exit"""
        self.deinit()

    def draw_char(
        self, char, x, y, framebuffer, color, size=1
    ):  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
        """Draw one character at position (x,y) to a framebuffer in a given color"""
        size = max(size, 1)
        # Don't draw the character if it will be clipped off the visible area.
        # if x < -self.font_width or x >= framebuffer.width or \
        #   y < -self.font_height or y >= framebuffer.height:
        #    return
        # Go through each column of the character.
        for char_x in range(self.font_width):
            # Grab the byte for the current column of font data.
            self._font.seek(2 + (ord(char) * self.font_width) + char_x)
            try:
                line = struct.unpack("B", self._font.read(1))[0]
            except RuntimeError:
                continue  # maybe character isnt there? go to next
            # Go through each row in the column byte.
            for char_y in range(self.font_height):
                # Draw a pixel for each bit that's flipped on.
                if (line >> char_y) & 0x1:
                    framebuffer.fill_rect(
                        x + char_x * size, y + char_y * size, size, size, color
                    )

    def width(self, text):
        """Return the pixel width of the specified text message."""
        return len(text) * (self.font_width + 1)

class MSTIFIY_Font:

    def __init__(self):
        self._font = font.bytes
        self.font_width, self.font_height = font.cols, font.rows

    def draw_char(self, char, x, y, framebuffer, color, size=1):
        """Draw one character at position (x,y) to a framebuffer in a given color"""
        size = max(size, 1)
        # Don't draw the character if it will be clipped off the visible area.
        # if x < -self.font_width or x >= framebuffer.width or \
        #   y < -self.font_height or y >= framebuffer.height:
        #    return
        # Go through each column of the character.
        for char_x in range(self.font_width):
            # Grab the byte for the current column of font data.
            line = self._font[(ord(char) * self.font_width) + char_x]
            # Go through each row in the column byte.
            for char_y in range(self.font_height):
                # Draw a pixel for each bit that's flipped on.
                if (line >> char_y) & 0x1:
                    framebuffer.fill_rect(x + char_x * size, y + char_y * size, size, size, color)

    def width(self, text):
        """Return the pixel width of the specified text message."""
        return len(text) * (self.font_width + 1)

class FrameBuffer1(FrameBuffer):  # pylint: disable=abstract-method
    """FrameBuffer1 object. Inherits from FrameBuffer."""

由于这个程序如果要输出字符的话，原本是要读取一个叫font5x8.bin二进制的字体文件的。但是由于K210在实际运行中每每读取文件总是报IO类错误，我一时也未能很好解决。于是就直接使用import font导入同目录下的字体库，简单重写了text方法和新增了一个MSTIFIY_Font类用于操作font.py文件。

font.py：

cols = 5
rows = 8
bytes = [
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x3E, 0x5B, 0x4F, 0x5B, 0x3E,
    0x3E, 0x6B, 0x4F, 0x6B, 0x3E,
    0x1C, 0x3E, 0x7C, 0x3E, 0x1C,
    0x18, 0x3C, 0x7E, 0x3C, 0x18,
    0x1C, 0x57, 0x7D, 0x57, 0x1C,
    0x1C, 0x5E, 0x7F, 0x5E, 0x1C,
    0x00, 0x18, 0x3C, 0x18, 0x00,
    0xFF, 0xE7, 0xC3, 0xE7, 0xFF,
    0x00, 0x18, 0x24, 0x18, 0x00,
    0xFF, 0xE7, 0xDB, 0xE7, 0xFF,
    0x30, 0x48, 0x3A, 0x06, 0x0E,
    0x26, 0x29, 0x79, 0x29, 0x26,
    0x40, 0x7F, 0x05, 0x05, 0x07,
    0x40, 0x7F, 0x05, 0x25, 0x3F,
    0x5A, 0x3C, 0xE7, 0x3C, 0x5A,
    0x7F, 0x3E, 0x1C, 0x1C, 0x08,
    0x08, 0x1C, 0x1C, 0x3E, 0x7F,
    0x14, 0x22, 0x7F, 0x22, 0x14,
    0x5F, 0x5F, 0x00, 0x5F, 0x5F,
    0x06, 0x09, 0x7F, 0x01, 0x7F,
    0x00, 0x66, 0x89, 0x95, 0x6A,
    0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60,
    0x94, 0xA2, 0xFF, 0xA2, 0x94,
    0x08, 0x04, 0x7E, 0x04, 0x08,
    0x10, 0x20, 0x7E, 0x20, 0x10,
    0x08, 0x08, 0x2A, 0x1C, 0x08,
    0x08, 0x1C, 0x2A, 0x08, 0x08,
    0x1E, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10,
    0x0C, 0x1E, 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x0C,
    0x30, 0x38, 0x3E, 0x38, 0x30,
    0x06, 0x0E, 0x3E, 0x0E, 0x06,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x5F, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00,
    0x14, 0x7F, 0x14, 0x7F, 0x14,
    0x24, 0x2A, 0x7F, 0x2A, 0x12,
    0x23, 0x13, 0x08, 0x64, 0x62,
    0x36, 0x49, 0x56, 0x20, 0x50,
    0x00, 0x08, 0x07, 0x03, 0x00,
    0x00, 0x1C, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00,
    0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1C, 0x00,
    0x2A, 0x1C, 0x7F, 0x1C, 0x2A,
    0x08, 0x08, 0x3E, 0x08, 0x08,
    0x00, 0x80, 0x70, 0x30, 0x00,
    0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0x60, 0x00,
    0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02,
    0x3E, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x3E,
    0x00, 0x42, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00,
    0x72, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x46,
    0x21, 0x41, 0x49, 0x4D, 0x33,
    0x18, 0x14, 0x12, 0x7F, 0x10,
    0x27, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x39,
    0x3C, 0x4A, 0x49, 0x49, 0x31,
    0x41, 0x21, 0x11, 0x09, 0x07,
    0x36, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36,
    0x46, 0x49, 0x49, 0x29, 0x1E,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x14, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x00, 0x40, 0x34, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x00, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41,
    0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14,
    0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x14, 0x08,
    0x02, 0x01, 0x59, 0x09, 0x06,
    0x3E, 0x41, 0x5D, 0x59, 0x4E,
    0x7C, 0x12, 0x11, 0x12, 0x7C,
    0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36,
    0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22,
    0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x3E,
    0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41,
    0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x01,
    0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x51, 0x73,
    0x7F, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x7F,
    0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x00,
    0x20, 0x40, 0x41, 0x3F, 0x01,
    0x7F, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41,
    0x7F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40,
    0x7F, 0x02, 0x1C, 0x02, 0x7F,
    0x7F, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x7F,
    0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x3E,
    0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x06,
    0x3E, 0x41, 0x51, 0x21, 0x5E,
    0x7F, 0x09, 0x19, 0x29, 0x46,
    0x26, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x32,
    0x03, 0x01, 0x7F, 0x01, 0x03,
    0x3F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3F,
    0x1F, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1F,
    0x3F, 0x40, 0x38, 0x40, 0x3F,
    0x63, 0x14, 0x08, 0x14, 0x63,
    0x03, 0x04, 0x78, 0x04, 0x03,
    0x61, 0x59, 0x49, 0x4D, 0x43,
    0x00, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41,
    0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20,
    0x00, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x7F,
    0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04,
    0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40,
    0x00, 0x03, 0x07, 0x08, 0x00,
    0x20, 0x54, 0x54, 0x78, 0x40,
    0x7F, 0x28, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38,
    0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x28,
    0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x28, 0x7F,
    0x38, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x18,
    0x00, 0x08, 0x7E, 0x09, 0x02,
    0x18, 0xA4, 0xA4, 0x9C, 0x78,
    0x7F, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78,
    0x00, 0x44, 0x7D, 0x40, 0x00,
    0x20, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3D, 0x00,
    0x7F, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44, 0x00,
    0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00,
    0x7C, 0x04, 0x78, 0x04, 0x78,
    0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78,
    0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38,
    0xFC, 0x18, 0x24, 0x24, 0x18,
    0x18, 0x24, 0x24, 0x18, 0xFC,
    0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x08,
    0x48, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x24,
    0x04, 0x04, 0x3F, 0x44, 0x24,
    0x3C, 0x40, 0x40, 0x20, 0x7C,
    0x1C, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1C,
    0x3C, 0x40, 0x30, 0x40, 0x3C,
    0x44, 0x28, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44,
    0x4C, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x7C,
    0x44, 0x64, 0x54, 0x4C, 0x44,
    0x00, 0x08, 0x36, 0x41, 0x00,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x77, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x00, 0x41, 0x36, 0x08, 0x00,
    0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x02,
    0x3C, 0x26, 0x23, 0x26, 0x3C,
    0x1E, 0xA1, 0xA1, 0x61, 0x12,
    0x3A, 0x40, 0x40, 0x20, 0x7A,
    0x38, 0x54, 0x54, 0x55, 0x59,
    0x21, 0x55, 0x55, 0x79, 0x41,
    0x21, 0x54, 0x54, 0x78, 0x41,
    0x21, 0x55, 0x54, 0x78, 0x40,
    0x20, 0x54, 0x55, 0x79, 0x40,
    0x0C, 0x1E, 0x52, 0x72, 0x12,
    0x39, 0x55, 0x55, 0x55, 0x59,
    0x39, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x59,
    0x39, 0x55, 0x54, 0x54, 0x58,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x45, 0x7C, 0x41,
    0x00, 0x02, 0x45, 0x7D, 0x42,
    0x00, 0x01, 0x45, 0x7C, 0x40,
    0xF0, 0x29, 0x24, 0x29, 0xF0,
    0xF0, 0x28, 0x25, 0x28, 0xF0,
    0x7C, 0x54, 0x55, 0x45, 0x00,
    0x20, 0x54, 0x54, 0x7C, 0x54,
    0x7C, 0x0A, 0x09, 0x7F, 0x49,
    0x32, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x32,
    0x32, 0x48, 0x48, 0x48, 0x32,
    0x32, 0x4A, 0x48, 0x48, 0x30,
    0x3A, 0x41, 0x41, 0x21, 0x7A,
    0x3A, 0x42, 0x40, 0x20, 0x78,
    0x00, 0x9D, 0xA0, 0xA0, 0x7D,
    0x39, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x39,
    0x3D, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3D,
    0x3C, 0x24, 0xFF, 0x24, 0x24,
    0x48, 0x7E, 0x49, 0x43, 0x66,
    0x2B, 0x2F, 0xFC, 0x2F, 0x2B,
    0xFF, 0x09, 0x29, 0xF6, 0x20,
    0xC0, 0x88, 0x7E, 0x09, 0x03,
    0x20, 0x54, 0x54, 0x79, 0x41,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x44, 0x7D, 0x41,
    0x30, 0x48, 0x48, 0x4A, 0x32,
    0x38, 0x40, 0x40, 0x22, 0x7A,
    0x00, 0x7A, 0x0A, 0x0A, 0x72,
    0x7D, 0x0D, 0x19, 0x31, 0x7D,
    0x26, 0x29, 0x29, 0x2F, 0x28,
    0x26, 0x29, 0x29, 0x29, 0x26,
    0x30, 0x48, 0x4D, 0x40, 0x20,
    0x38, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08,
    0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x38,
    0x2F, 0x10, 0xC8, 0xAC, 0xBA,
    0x2F, 0x10, 0x28, 0x34, 0xFA,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x7B, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x08, 0x14, 0x2A, 0x14, 0x22,
    0x22, 0x14, 0x2A, 0x14, 0x08,
    0xAA, 0x00, 0x55, 0x00, 0xAA,
    0xAA, 0x55, 0xAA, 0x55, 0xAA,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x00,
    0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0xFF, 0x00,
    0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0xFF, 0x00,
    0x10, 0x10, 0xFF, 0x00, 0xFF,
    0x10, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0,
    0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0xFC, 0x00,
    0x14, 0x14, 0xF7, 0x00, 0xFF,
    0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x00, 0xFF,
    0x14, 0x14, 0xF4, 0x04, 0xFC,
    0x14, 0x14, 0x17, 0x10, 0x1F,
    0x10, 0x10, 0x1F, 0x10, 0x1F,
    0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x1F, 0x00,
    0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x00,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1F, 0x10,
    0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x1F, 0x10,
    0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x10,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x10,
    0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10,
    0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0xFF, 0x10,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x14,
    0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x00, 0xFF,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x1F, 0x10, 0x17,
    0x00, 0x00, 0xFC, 0x04, 0xF4,
    0x14, 0x14, 0x17, 0x10, 0x17,
    0x14, 0x14, 0xF4, 0x04, 0xF4,
    0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x00, 0xF7,
    0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14,
    0x14, 0x14, 0xF7, 0x00, 0xF7,
    0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x17, 0x14,
    0x10, 0x10, 0x1F, 0x10, 0x1F,
    0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0xF4, 0x14,
    0x10, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x1F, 0x10, 0x1F,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1F, 0x14,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFC, 0x14,
    0x00, 0x00, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0,
    0x10, 0x10, 0xFF, 0x10, 0xFF,
    0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0xFF, 0x14,
    0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x1F, 0x00,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xF0, 0x10,
    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
    0xF0, 0xF0, 0xF0, 0xF0, 0xF0,
    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF,
    0x0F, 0x0F, 0x0F, 0x0F, 0x0F,
    0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38, 0x44,
    0x7C, 0x2A, 0x2A, 0x3E, 0x14,
    0x7E, 0x02, 0x02, 0x06, 0x06,
    0x02, 0x7E, 0x02, 0x7E, 0x02,
    0x63, 0x55, 0x49, 0x41, 0x63,
    0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x3C, 0x04,
    0x40, 0x7E, 0x20, 0x1E, 0x20,
    0x06, 0x02, 0x7E, 0x02, 0x02,
    0x99, 0xA5, 0xE7, 0xA5, 0x99,
    0x1C, 0x2A, 0x49, 0x2A, 0x1C,
    0x4C, 0x72, 0x01, 0x72, 0x4C,
    0x30, 0x4A, 0x4D, 0x4D, 0x30,
    0x30, 0x48, 0x78, 0x48, 0x30,
    0xBC, 0x62, 0x5A, 0x46, 0x3D,
    0x3E, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x00,
    0x7E, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x7E,
    0x2A, 0x2A, 0x2A, 0x2A, 0x2A,
    0x44, 0x44, 0x5F, 0x44, 0x44,
    0x40, 0x51, 0x4A, 0x44, 0x40,
    0x40, 0x44, 0x4A, 0x51, 0x40,
    0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x01, 0x03,
    0xE0, 0x80, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x08, 0x08, 0x6B, 0x6B, 0x08,
    0x36, 0x12, 0x36, 0x24, 0x36,
    0x06, 0x0F, 0x09, 0x0F, 0x06,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x10, 0x00,
    0x30, 0x40, 0xFF, 0x01, 0x01,
    0x00, 0x1F, 0x01, 0x01, 0x1E,
    0x00, 0x19, 0x1D, 0x17, 0x12,
    0x00, 0x3C, 0x3C, 0x3C, 0x3C,
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]

ssd1306.py：

# MicroPython SSD1306 OLED driver, I2C and SPI interfaces

import time
import framebuf


# register definitions
SET_CONTRAST        = const(0x81)
SET_ENTIRE_ON       = const(0xa4)
SET_NORM_INV        = const(0xa6)
SET_DISP            = const(0xae)
SET_MEM_ADDR        = const(0x20)
SET_COL_ADDR        = const(0x21)
SET_PAGE_ADDR       = const(0x22)
SET_DISP_START_LINE = const(0x40)
SET_SEG_REMAP       = const(0xa0)
SET_MUX_RATIO       = const(0xa8)
SET_COM_OUT_DIR     = const(0xc0)
SET_DISP_OFFSET     = const(0xd3)
SET_COM_PIN_CFG     = const(0xda)
SET_DISP_CLK_DIV    = const(0xd5)
SET_PRECHARGE       = const(0xd9)
SET_VCOM_DESEL      = const(0xdb)
SET_CHARGE_PUMP     = const(0x8d)


class SSD1306:
    def __init__(self, width, height, external_vcc):
        self.width = width
        self.height = height
        self.external_vcc = external_vcc
        self.pages = self.height // 8
        # Note the subclass must initialize self.framebuf to a framebuffer.
        # This is necessary because the underlying data buffer is different
        # between I2C and SPI implementations (I2C needs an extra byte).
        self.poweron()
        self.init_display()

    def init_display(self):
        for cmd in (
            SET_DISP | 0x00, # off
            # address setting
            SET_MEM_ADDR, 0x00, # horizontal
            # resolution and layout
            SET_DISP_START_LINE | 0x00,
            SET_SEG_REMAP | 0x01, # column addr 127 mapped to SEG0
            SET_MUX_RATIO, self.height - 1,
            SET_COM_OUT_DIR | 0x08, # scan from COM[N] to COM0
            SET_DISP_OFFSET, 0x00,
            SET_COM_PIN_CFG, 0x02 if self.height == 32 else 0x12,
            # timing and driving scheme
            SET_DISP_CLK_DIV, 0x80,
            SET_PRECHARGE, 0x22 if self.external_vcc else 0xf1,
            SET_VCOM_DESEL, 0x30, # 0.83*Vcc
            # display
            SET_CONTRAST, 0xff, # maximum
            SET_ENTIRE_ON, # output follows RAM contents
            SET_NORM_INV, # not inverted
            # charge pump
            SET_CHARGE_PUMP, 0x10 if self.external_vcc else 0x14,
            SET_DISP | 0x01): # on
            self.write_cmd(cmd)
        self.fill(0)
        self.show()

    def poweroff(self):
        self.write_cmd(SET_DISP | 0x00)

    def contrast(self, contrast):
        self.write_cmd(SET_CONTRAST)
        self.write_cmd(contrast)

    def invert(self, invert):
        self.write_cmd(SET_NORM_INV | (invert & 1))

    def show(self):
        x0 = 0
        x1 = self.width - 1
        if self.width == 64:
            # displays with width of 64 pixels are shifted by 32
            x0 += 32
            x1 += 32
        self.write_cmd(SET_COL_ADDR)
        self.write_cmd(x0)
        self.write_cmd(x1)
        self.write_cmd(SET_PAGE_ADDR)
        self.write_cmd(0)
        self.write_cmd(self.pages - 1)
        self.write_framebuf()

    def fill(self, col):
        self.framebuf.fill(col)

    def pixel(self, x, y, col):
        self.framebuf.pixel(x, y, col)

    def scroll(self, dx, dy):
        self.framebuf.scroll(dx, dy)

    def text(self, string, x, y, col=1):
        self.framebuf.text(string, x, y, col)


class SSD1306_I2C(SSD1306):
    def __init__(self, width, height, i2c, addr=0x3c, external_vcc=False):
        self.i2c = i2c
        self.addr = addr
        self.temp = bytearray(2)
        # Add an extra byte to the data buffer to hold an I2C data/command byte
        # to use hardware-compatible I2C transactions.  A memoryview of the
        # buffer is used to mask this byte from the framebuffer operations
        # (without a major memory hit as memoryview doesn't copy to a separate
        # buffer).
        self.buffer = bytearray(((height // 8) * width) + 1)
        self.buffer[0] = 0x40  # Set first byte of data buffer to Co=0, D/C=1
        self.framebuf = framebuf.FrameBuffer1(memoryview(self.buffer)[1:], width, height)
        super().__init__(width, height, external_vcc)

    def write_cmd(self, cmd):
        self.temp[0] = 0x80 # Co=1, D/C#=0
        self.temp[1] = cmd
        self.i2c.writeto(self.addr, self.temp)

    def write_framebuf(self):
        # Blast out the frame buffer using a single I2C transaction to support
        # hardware I2C interfaces.
        self.i2c.writeto(self.addr, self.buffer)

    def poweron(self):
        pass


class SSD1306_SPI(SSD1306):
    def __init__(self, width, height, spi, dc, res, cs, external_vcc=False):
        self.rate = 10 * 1024 * 1024
        dc.init(dc.OUT, value=0)
        res.init(res.OUT, value=0)
        cs.init(cs.OUT, value=1)
        self.spi = spi
        self.dc = dc
        self.res = res
        self.cs = cs
        self.buffer = bytearray((height // 8) * width)
        self.framebuf = framebuf.FrameBuffer1(self.buffer, width, height)
        super().__init__(width, height, external_vcc)

    def write_cmd(self, cmd):
        self.spi.init(baudrate=self.rate, polarity=0, phase=0)
        self.cs.high()
        self.dc.low()
        self.cs.low()
        self.spi.write(bytearray([cmd]))
        self.cs.high()

    def write_framebuf(self):
        self.spi.init(baudrate=self.rate, polarity=0, phase=0)
        self.cs.high()
        self.dc.high()
        self.cs.low()
        self.spi.write(self.buffer)
        self.cs.high()

    def poweron(self):
        self.res.high()
        time.sleep_ms(1)
        self.res.low()
        time.sleep_ms(10)
        self.res.high()

main.py(主程序)：

from machine import I2C
from ssd1306 import SSD1306_I2C

i2c = I2C(I2C.I2C0, mode=I2C.MODE_MASTER, freq=1000000, scl=28, sda=29, addr_size=7)
oled = SSD1306_I2C(128, 64, i2c)
oled.text("wdnmd ssd1306! Wasted me a whole day!",0,0,1)
oled.show()

---

遇到的问题和总结

其实没有太多其他问题，主要是framebuf库的实现和字体文件的读取花费了我过多的时间。总得来说，以后如果使用micropython开发嵌入式的话，优先选用pyboard或者openmv这种驱动库好找或者自带的。K210目前还是处于例程和库比较贫瘠的阶段（可能是开发嵌入式控制都不怎么选用K210作为主控吧，要是跑AI还行。）