import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from sklearn import svm, datasets
from sklearn.metrics import precision_recall_curve
from sklearn.metrics import average_precision_score
from sklearn.preprocessing import label_binarize
from sklearn.multiclass import OneVsRestClassifier
#from sklearn.cross_validation import train_test_split #适用于anaconda 3.6及以前版本from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split#适用于anaconda 3.7
#以iris数据为例,画出P-R曲线
iris = datasets.load_iris()
X = iris.data
y = iris.target
print(y)# 标签二值化,将三个类转为001, 010, 100的格式.因为这是个多类分类问题,后面将要采用#OneVsRestClassifier策略转为二类分类问题
y = label_binarize(y, classes=[0,1,2])
n_classes = y.shape[1]print(y.shape)print(y)# 增加了800维的 噪声特征
random_state = np.random.RandomState(0)
n_samples, n_features = X.shape
# print(X.shape) (150, 4)
X = np.c_[X, random_state.randn(n_samples,200* n_features)]# print(X.shape) (150, 804)# Split into training and test
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=.5, random_state=random_state)#随机数,填0或不填,每次都会不一样# Run classifier probability : boolean, optional (default=False)Whether to enable probability estimates. This must be enabled prior to calling fit, and will slow down that method.
classifier = OneVsRestClassifier(svm.SVC(kernel='linear', probability=True, random_state=random_state))
y_score = classifier.fit(X_train, y_train).decision_function(X_test)
# Compute Precision-Recall and plot curve #下面的下划线是返回的阈值。作为一个名称:此时“_”作为临时性的名称使用。#表示分配了一个特定的名称,但是并不会在后面再次用到该名称。
precision =dict()
recall =dict()
average_precision =dict()for i inrange(n_classes):
precision[i], recall[i], _ = precision_recall_curve(y_test[:, i], y_score[:, i])#The last precision and recall values are 1. and 0. respectively and do not have a corresponding threshold. This ensures that the graph starts on the x axis.
average_precision[i]= average_precision_score(y_test[:, i], y_score[:, i])#切片,第i个类的分类结果性能# Compute micro-average curve and area. ravel()将多维数组降为一维
precision["micro"], recall["micro"], _ = precision_recall_curve(y_test.ravel(), y_score.ravel())
average_precision["micro"]= average_precision_score(y_test, y_score, average="micro")#This score corresponds to the area under the precision-recall curve.# Plot Precision-Recall curve for each class
plt.clf()#clf 函数用于清除当前图像窗口
plt.plot(recall["micro"], precision["micro"],
label='micro-average Precision-recall curve (area = {0:0.2f})'.format(average_precision["micro"]))for i inrange(n_classes):
plt.plot(recall[i], precision[i],
label='Precision-recall curve of class {0} (area = {1:0.2f})'.format(i, average_precision[i]))
plt.xlim([0.0,1.0])
plt.ylim([0.0,1.05])#xlim、ylim:分别设置X、Y轴的显示范围。
plt.xlabel('Recall', fontsize=16)
plt.ylabel('Precision',fontsize=16)
plt.title('Extension of Precision-Recall curve to multi-class',fontsize=16)
plt.legend(loc="lower right")#legend 是用于设置图例的函数
plt.show()