(五)field ii:彩色血流成像

参考:field ii自带彩色血流成像例程

【2022/10/10】重看了又一遍,发现fieldii的血流成像仿真问题贼大。仿体只有血流那部分得自己叠加组织上去才行,没有正交解调过程、滤波用的直接相减的方式,没有方差那部分的彩色编码,也没有能量多普勒,问题贼大昂,需要修修修- -|||。(明年发,要不怕毕业查重)

【20221206】中期发现这个信号基础上还得叠加一下噪声信号才对

【20230312】还有缓慢组织运动 T T

一、B超成像:(方法参考专栏(三))

(一)仿体搭建

        mk_pht.m+tissue_pht.m

(二)数据采集

        sim_phas.m

(三)数据处理

        make_pht.m

二、彩色血流成像:

(一)血流仿体搭建

        make_sct.m

  (二)数据采集

        sim_flow.m

         - 每条线采集M次,共采集N条线。

(三)数据处理

        cfm_image.m

  1.  每条数据线根据tstart对齐补0,经过希尔伯特变化转化为正交复数数组,再将M次采集构成一组;
  2.  计算每组第一条线标准差RMS,根据计算速度间隔est_dist得到多少个点Ndist计算一次速度。
  3. 对每个点计算一次速度,计算方法如下:求M次一阶导数(差分),如果一阶导数的标准差小于RMS/5,则为静止区域。否则计算速度,速度计算方法为自相关法。

(三)显示

        使用map根据血流值及正反向显示颜色。

三、合成

      cfm_bmode.m

        把多普勒图像贴到B超图像上去。贴图时B超图像像素值低于多普勒血流部分,并使用map分段成像。

        

fieldii中彩色多普勒应用到的一些函数

(一)atan 和 atan2

都是求反正切函数,但参数数量和计算方法都有不同。

atan2(a,b)是4象限反正切,它的取值不仅取决于正切值a/b,还取决于点 (b, a) 落入哪个象限
   当点(b, a) 落入第一象限时,atan2(a,b)的范围是  0 ~ pi/2;
 当点(b, a) 落入第二象限时,atan2(a,b)的范围是  pi/2 ~ pi;
   当点(b, a) 落入第三象限时,atan2(a,b)的范围是  -pi/2~0;
 当点(b, a) 落入第四象限时,atan2(a,b)的范围是 -pi~-pi/2


而 atan(a/b) 仅仅根据正切值为a/b求出对应的角度 (可以看作仅仅是2象限反正切)
   当 a/b > 0 时,atan(a/b)取值范围是 0 ~ pi/2;
   当 a/b < 0 时,atan(a/b)取值范围是 -pi/2~0

这个函数可以直接求矩阵相位:p=angle(z);

(二)自相关算法(见超声基础专栏,但估计我毕业才会发出来,明年见吧)

(三)interp

matlab 版 超声模拟系统 field II, JAJ 开发。 The Field program system uses the concept of spatial impulse responses as developed by Tupholme and Stepanishen in a series of papers [1, 2, 3]. The approach relies on linear systems theory to find the ultrasound field for both the pulsed and continuous wave case. This is done through the spatial impulse response. This response gives the emitted ultrasound field at a specific point in space as function of time, when the transducer is excitated by a Dirac delta function. The field for any kind of excitation can then be found by just convolving the spatial impulse response with the excitation function. The impulse response will vary as a function of position relative to the transducer, hence the name spatial impulse response. The received response from a small oscillating sphere can be found by acoustic reciprocity. The spatial impulse response equals the received response for a spherical wave emitted by a point. The total received response in pulse-echo can, thus, be found by convolving the transducer excitation function with the spatial impulse response of the emitting aperture, with the spatial impulse response of the receiving aperture, and then taking into account the electro-mechanical transfer function of the transducer to yield the received voltage trace. An explanation and rigorous proof of this can be found in [4] and [5]. Any excitation can be used, since linear systems theory is used. The result for the continuous wave case is found by Fourier transforming the spatial impulse response for the given frequency. The approach taken here can, thus, yield all the diffent commenly found ultrasound fields for linear propagation.
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