高并发服务器

多进程并发服务器

使用多进程并发服务器时要考虑以下几点：

1.      父进程最大文件描述个数(父进程中需要close关闭accept返回的新文件描述符)

2.      系统内创建进程个数(与内存大小相关)

3.      进程创建过多是否降低整体服务性能(进程调度)

server

/* server.c */

#include <stdio.h>

#include<string.h>

#include<netinet/in.h>

#include<arpa/inet.h>

#include<signal.h>

#include<sys/wait.h>

#include<sys/types.h>

#include "wrap.h"

 

#define MAXLINE 80

#define SERV_PORT 800

 

void do_sigchild(intnum)

{

    while (waitpid(0, NULL, WNOHANG) > 0)

        ;

}

int main(void)

{

    struct sockaddr_in servaddr, cliaddr;

    socklen_t cliaddr_len;

    int listenfd, connfd;

    char buf[MAXLINE];

    char str[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];

    int i, n;

    pid_t pid;

 

    struct sigaction newact;

    newact.sa_handler = do_sigchild;

    sigemptyset(&newact.sa_mask);

    newact.sa_flags = 0;

    sigaction(SIGCHLD, &newact, NULL);

 

    listenfd = Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

 

    bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));

    servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;

    servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);

    servaddr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PORT);

 

   Bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr,sizeof(servaddr));

 

    Listen(listenfd, 20);

 

    printf("Accepting connections ...\n");

    while (1) {

        cliaddr_len = sizeof(cliaddr);

        connfd = Accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr,&cliaddr_len);

 

        pid = fork();

        if (pid == 0) {

           Close(listenfd);

           while (1) {

               n = Read(connfd, buf, MAXLINE);

               if (n == 0) {

                   printf("the other side has beenclosed.\n");

                   break;

               }

               printf("received from %s at PORT %d\n",

                       inet_ntop(AF_INET, &cliaddr.sin_addr, str,sizeof(str)),

                       ntohs(cliaddr.sin_port));

               for (i = 0; i < n; i++)

                   buf[i] = toupper(buf[i]);

               Write(connfd, buf, n);

           }

           Close(connfd);

           return 0;

        } else if (pid > 0) {

           Close(connfd);

        } else

           perr_exit("fork");

    }

    Close(listenfd);

    return 0;

}

client

/* client.c */

#include <stdio.h>

#include<string.h>

#include<unistd.h>

#include<netinet/in.h>

#include"wrap.h"

 

#define MAXLINE 80

#define SERV_PORT 6666

 

int main(int argc, char*argv[])

{

    struct sockaddr_in servaddr;

    char buf[MAXLINE];

    int sockfd, n;

 

    sockfd = Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

 

    bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));

    servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;

    inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1",&servaddr.sin_addr);

    servaddr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PORT);

 

    Connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr,sizeof(servaddr));

 

    while (fgets(buf, MAXLINE, stdin) != NULL) {

        Write(sockfd, buf, strlen(buf));

        n = Read(sockfd, buf, MAXLINE);

        if (n == 0) {

           printf("the other side has been closed.\n");

           break;

        } else

           Write(STDOUT_FILENO, buf, n);

    }

    Close(sockfd);

    return 0;

}

 

多线程并发服务器

在使用线程模型开发服务器时需考虑以下问题：

1.      调整进程内最大文件描述符上限

2.      线程如有共享数据，考虑线程同步

3.      服务于客户端线程退出时，退出处理。（退出值，分离态）

4.      系统负载，随着链接客户端增加，导致其它线程不能及时得到CPU

server

/* server.c */

#include <stdio.h>

#include<string.h>

#include<netinet/in.h>

#include<arpa/inet.h>

#include<pthread.h>

 

#include"wrap.h"

#define MAXLINE 80

#define SERV_PORT 6666

 

struct s_info {

    struct sockaddr_in cliaddr;

    int connfd;

};

void *do_work(void *arg)

{

    int n,i;

    struct s_info *ts = (struct s_info*)arg;

    char buf[MAXLINE];

    char str[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];

    /* 可以在创建线程前设置线程创建属性,设为分离态,哪种效率高内？ */

    pthread_detach(pthread_self());

    while (1) {

        n = Read(ts->connfd, buf, MAXLINE);

        if (n == 0) {

           printf("the other side has been closed.\n");

           break;

        }

        printf("received from %s at PORT %d\n",

                inet_ntop(AF_INET,&(*ts).cliaddr.sin_addr, str, sizeof(str)),

                ntohs((*ts).cliaddr.sin_port));

        for (i = 0; i < n; i++)

           buf[i] = toupper(buf[i]);

        Write(ts->connfd, buf, n);

    }

    Close(ts->connfd);

}

 

int main(void)

{

    struct sockaddr_in servaddr, cliaddr;

    socklen_t cliaddr_len;

    int listenfd, connfd;

    int i = 0;

    pthread_t tid;

    struct s_info ts[256];

 

    listenfd = Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

 

    bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));

    servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;

    servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);

    servaddr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PORT);

 

   Bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr,sizeof(servaddr));

    Listen(listenfd, 20);

 

    printf("Accepting connections ...\n");

    while (1) {

        cliaddr_len =sizeof(cliaddr);

        connfd =Accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr, &cliaddr_len);

        ts[i].cliaddr = cliaddr;

        ts[i].connfd = connfd;

        /* 达到线程最大数时，pthread_create出错处理, 增加服务器稳定性 */

        pthread_create(&tid,NULL, do_work, (void*)&ts[i]);

        i++;

    }

    return 0;

}

client

/* client.c */

#include <stdio.h>

#include <string.h>

#include<unistd.h>

#include<netinet/in.h>

#include"wrap.h"

#define MAXLINE 80

#define SERV_PORT 6666

int main(int argc, char*argv[])

{

    struct sockaddr_in servaddr;

    char buf[MAXLINE];

    int sockfd, n;

 

    sockfd = Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

 

    bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));

    servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;

    inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1",&servaddr.sin_addr);

    servaddr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PORT);

 

    Connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr,sizeof(servaddr));

 

    while (fgets(buf, MAXLINE, stdin) != NULL) {

        Write(sockfd, buf, strlen(buf));

        n = Read(sockfd, buf, MAXLINE);

        if (n == 0)

           printf("the other side has been closed.\n");

        else

           Write(STDOUT_FILENO, buf, n);

    }

    Close(sockfd);

    return 0;

}