一、Docker 安装 (Ubuntu16.04系统)

安装参考官网链接

1. 检查系统是否满足安装条件

系统要求：Linux要求内核3.0以上；CentOS 需要是7版本的

junli@ubuntu16:~$ uname -r
4.15.0-142-generic

2. 使用 Docker 仓库进行安装

junli@ubuntu16:~$ sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc
junli@ubuntu16:~$ sudo apt-get update
junli@ubuntu16:~$ sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg-agent software-properties-common
junli@ubuntu16:~$ sudo curl -fsSL https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

curl: (60) SSL certificate problem: unable to get local issuer certificate
......
gpg: 找不到有效的 OpenPGP 数据。

解决： gpg: 找不到有效的 OpenPGP 数据。

junli@ubuntu16:~$ wget https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg
junli@ubuntu16:~$ sudo apt-key add gpg
junli@ubuntu16:~$ sudo curl -fsSL https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
junli@ubuntu16:~$ sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88
pub   4096R/0EBFCD88 2017-02-22
......
junli@ubuntu16:~$ sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/ $(lsb_release -cs) stable"

3. 安装 Docker Engine-Community

junli@ubuntu16:~$ sudo apt-get update
junli@ubuntu16:~$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

4. 测试是否安装成功

junli@ubuntu16:~$ sudo docker run hello-world

Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
2db29710123e: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:53f1bbee2f52c39e41682ee1d388285290c5c8a76cc92b42687eecf38e0af3f0
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

5. 给普通用户授权docker使用权限

## 第一步: 添加docker用户组
junli@ubuntu16:~$ sudo groupadd docker

## 第二步: 把普通用户添加docker用户组
junli@ubuntu16:~$ sudo gpasswd -a junli docker

## 第三步: 重启docker
junli@ubuntu16:~$ sudo service docker restart
junli@ubuntu16:~$

** 注意：我重启docker后，还是遇到了权限不够的问题。我把电脑重启之后就可以了。

## 查看用户所在的分组
junli@ubuntu16:~$ groups junli
junli : junli docker
junli@ubuntu16:~$

## 普通用户使用docker
junli@ubuntu16:~$ docker images

REPOSITORY      TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
ubuntu          16.04     b6f507652425   11 months ago   135MB