代码位置
https://github.com/duganlx/fopnp/tree/m/py3
使用getaddrinfo()
创建并连接套接字
文件位置:fopnp/py3/chapter04/www_ping.py
import argparse, socket, sys
def connect_to(hostname_or_ip):
try:
infolist = socket.getaddrinfo(
hostname_or_ip, 'www', 0, socket.SOCK_STREAM, 0,
socket.AI_ADDRCONFIG | socket.AI_V4MAPPED | socket.AI_CANONNAME,
)
except socket.gaierror as e:
print('Name service failure:', e.args[1])
sys.exit(1)
info = infolist[0] # per standard recommendation, try the first one
socket_args = info[0:3]
address = info[4]
s = socket.socket(*socket_args)
try:
s.connect(address)
except socket.error as e:
print('Network failure:', e.args[1])
else:
print('Success: host', info[3], 'is listening on port 80')
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Try connecting to port 80')
parser.add_argument('hostname', help='hostname that you want to contact')
connect_to(parser.parse_args().hostname)
运行效果
python www_ping.py www.baidu.com
Success: host www.a.shifen.com is listening on port 80
一个包含递归的简单DNS查询
文件位置:fopnp/py3/chapter04/dns_basic.py
需要先下载Python 3:pip install dnspython3
import argparse, dns.resolver
def lookup(name):
for qtype in 'A', 'AAAA', 'CNAME', 'MX', 'NS':
answer = dns.resolver.query(name, qtype, raise_on_no_answer=False)
if answer.rrset is not None:
print(answer.rrset)
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Resolve a name using DNS')
parser.add_argument('name', help='name that you want to look up in DNS')
lookup(parser.parse_args().name)
运行效果
python dns_basic.py python.org
python.org. 603333 IN A 45.55.99.72
python.org. 580755 IN MX 50 mail.python.org.
python.org. 23296 IN NS ns2.p11.dynect.net.
python.org. 23296 IN NS ns3.p11.dynect.net.
python.org. 23296 IN NS ns1.p11.dynect.net.
python.org. 23296 IN NS ns4.p11.dynect.net.
解析电子邮件域名
文件位置:fopnp/py3/chapter04/dns_mx.py
import argparse, dns.resolver
def resolve_hostname(hostname, indent=''):
"Print an A or AAAA record for `hostname`; follow CNAMEs if necessary."
indent = indent + ' '
answer = dns.resolver.query(hostname, 'A')
if answer.rrset is not None:
for record in answer:
print(indent, hostname, 'has A address', record.address)
return
answer = dns.resolver.query(hostname, 'AAAA')
if answer.rrset is not None:
for record in answer:
print(indent, hostname, 'has AAAA address', record.address)
return
answer = dns.resolver.query(hostname, 'CNAME')
if answer.rrset is not None:
record = answer[0]
cname = record.address
print(indent, hostname, 'is a CNAME alias for', cname) # ?
resolve_hostname(cname, indent)
return
print(indent, 'ERROR: no A, AAAA, or CNAME records for', hostname)
def resolve_email_domain(domain):
"For an email address `name@domain` find its mail server IP addresses."
try:
answer = dns.resolver.query(domain, 'MX', raise_on_no_answer=False)
except dns.resolver.NXDOMAIN:
print('Error: No such domain', domain)
return
if answer.rrset is not None:
records = sorted(answer, key=lambda record: record.preference)
print('This domain has', len(records), 'MX records')
for record in records:
name = record.exchange.to_text(omit_final_dot=True)
print('Priority', record.preference)
resolve_hostname(name)
else:
print('This domain has no explicit MX records')
print('Attempting to resolve it as an A, AAAA, or CNAME')
resolve_hostname(domain)
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Find mailserver IP address')
parser.add_argument('domain', help='domain that you want to send mail to')
resolve_email_domain(parser.parse_args().domain)
运行效果
python dns_mx.py python.org
This domain has 1 MX records
Priority 50
mail.python.org has A address 188.166.95.178