C++11标准模板（STL）- 常用数学函数 - 计算立方根 （3√x）（std::cbrt, std::cbrtf, std::cbrtl）

常用数学函数

 计算立方根 （3√x）

std::cbrt, 
std::cbrtf, 
std::cbrtl

float       cbrtf( float arg );	(1)	(C99 起)
double      cbrt( double arg );	(2)	(C99 起)
long double cbrtl( long double arg );	(3)	(C99 起)
定义于头文件 <tgmath.h>
#define cbrt( arg )	(4)	(C99 起)

1-3) 计算 arg 的立方根。

4) 泛型宏：若 arg 拥有 long double 类型，则调用 cbrtl 。否则，若 arg 拥有整数类型或 double 类型，则调用 cbrt 。否则，调用 cbrtf 。

参数

arg

-

浮点值

返回值

若不出现错误，则返回 arg 的立方根（ 3√arg ）。

若出现下溢所致的错误，则返回（舍入后的）正确结果。

错误处理

报告 math_errhandling 中指定的错误。

若实现支持 IEEE 浮点算术（ IEC 60559 ），则

• 若参数为 ±0 或 ±∞ ，则返回不更改的参数
• 若参数为 NaN ，则返回 NaN 。

注意

cbrt(arg) 不等价于 pow(arg, 1.0/3) ，因为 pow 不能求负底数的小数次幂。

调用示例

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <cinttypes>
#include <cmath>
#include <tgmath.h>

int main()
{
    //1-3) 计算 arg 的平方根。
    const float fNumber = 0.1314;
    std::cout << "typeid(float).name():   " << typeid(float).name() << std::endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i += 100)
    {
        std::cout << "std::cbrt(" << fNumber + i << "):   "
                  << std::cbrt(fNumber + i) << std::endl;
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i += 100)
    {
        std::cout << "std::cbrt(" << -fNumber - i << "):   "
                  << std::cbrt(-fNumber - i) << std::endl;
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    const double dNumber = 0.01314;
    std::cout << "typeid(double).name():   " << typeid(double).name() << std::endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i += 100)
    {
        std::cout << "std::cbrt(" << dNumber + i << "):   "
                  << std::cbrt(dNumber + i) << std::endl;
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i += 100)
    {
        std::cout << "std::cbrt(" << -dNumber - i << "):   "
                  << std::cbrt(-dNumber - i) << std::endl;
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    const long double ldNumber = 0.001314;
    std::cout << "typeid(long double).name():   " << typeid(long double).name() << std::endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i += 100)
    {
        std::cout << "std::cbrt(" << ldNumber + i << "):   "
                  << std::cbrt(ldNumber + i) << std::endl;
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i += 100)
    {
        std::cout << "std::cbrt(" << -ldNumber - i << "):   "
                  << std::cbrt(-ldNumber - i) << std::endl;
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

输出

typeid(float).name():   f
std::cbrt(0.1314):   0.508392
std::cbrt(100.131):   4.64362
std::cbrt(200.131):   5.84932
std::cbrt(300.131):   6.69531
std::cbrt(400.131):   7.36887
std::cbrt(500.131):   7.9377
std::cbrt(600.131):   8.43494
std::cbrt(700.131):   8.8796
std::cbrt(800.131):   9.28369
std::cbrt(900.131):   9.65536

std::cbrt(-0.1314):   -0.508392
std::cbrt(-100.131):   -4.64362
std::cbrt(-200.131):   -5.84932
std::cbrt(-300.131):   -6.69531
std::cbrt(-400.131):   -7.36887
std::cbrt(-500.131):   -7.9377
std::cbrt(-600.131):   -8.43494
std::cbrt(-700.131):   -8.8796
std::cbrt(-800.131):   -9.28369
std::cbrt(-900.131):   -9.65536

typeid(double).name():   d
std::cbrt(0.01314):   0.235975
std::cbrt(100.013):   4.64179
std::cbrt(200.013):   5.84816
std::cbrt(300.013):   6.69443
std::cbrt(400.013):   7.36814
std::cbrt(500.013):   7.93707
std::cbrt(600.013):   8.43439
std::cbrt(700.013):   8.8791
std::cbrt(800.013):   9.28323
std::cbrt(900.013):   9.65494

std::cbrt(-0.01314):   -0.235975
std::cbrt(-100.013):   -4.64179
std::cbrt(-200.013):   -5.84816
std::cbrt(-300.013):   -6.69443
std::cbrt(-400.013):   -7.36814
std::cbrt(-500.013):   -7.93707
std::cbrt(-600.013):   -8.43439
std::cbrt(-700.013):   -8.8791
std::cbrt(-800.013):   -9.28323
std::cbrt(-900.013):   -9.65494

typeid(long double).name():   e
std::cbrt(0.001314):   0.10953
std::cbrt(100.001):   4.64161
std::cbrt(200.001):   5.84805
std::cbrt(300.001):   6.69434
std::cbrt(400.001):   7.36807
std::cbrt(500.001):   7.93701
std::cbrt(600.001):   8.43433
std::cbrt(700.001):   8.87905
std::cbrt(800.001):   9.28318
std::cbrt(900.001):   9.6549

std::cbrt(-0.001314):   -0.10953
std::cbrt(-100.001):   -4.64161
std::cbrt(-200.001):   -5.84805
std::cbrt(-300.001):   -6.69434
std::cbrt(-400.001):   -7.36807
std::cbrt(-500.001):   -7.93701
std::cbrt(-600.001):   -8.43433
std::cbrt(-700.001):   -8.87905
std::cbrt(-800.001):   -9.28318
std::cbrt(-900.001):   -9.6549