Django REST框架快速入门

1、创建一个名为 tutorial的新 Django 项目，然后创建一个名为quickstart的新应用。

django-admin startproject tutorial
cd tutorial
cd tutorial
django-admin startapp quickstart

结果如图：

2、在tutorial文件夹下输入下列代码，同步数据库

python manage.py migrate

结果如图：

 

3、 创建一个初始用户，其名称为admin 。稍后我们将在示例中以该用户的身份进行身份验证。

python manage.py createsuperuser --email admin@example.com --username admin

结果如图：密码：admin

 4、在quickstart文件夹下创建一个python文件serializers.py，用于数据表示。

并把下列代码复制到serializers.py文件中去

from django.contrib.auth.models import User, Group
from rest_framework import serializers


class UserSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ['url', 'username', 'email', 'groups']


class GroupSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Group
        fields = ['url', 'name']

 5、打开quickstart下的views.py文件，输入下列代码

from django.contrib.auth.models import User, Group
from rest_framework import viewsets
from rest_framework import permissions
from tutorial.quickstart.serializers import UserSerializer, GroupSerializer


class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    API endpoint that allows users to be viewed or edited.
    """
    queryset = User.objects.all().order_by('-date_joined')
    serializer_class = UserSerializer
    permission_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticated]


class GroupViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    API endpoint that allows groups to be viewed or edited.
    """
    queryset = Group.objects.all()
    serializer_class = GroupSerializer
    permission_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticated]

6、打开tutorial/urls.py文件，输入下列代码

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.urls import include, path
from rest_framework import routers
from tutorial.quickstart import views

router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'users', views.UserViewSet)
router.register(r'groups', views.GroupViewSet)

# Wire up our API using automatic URL routing.
# Additionally, we include login URLs for the browsable API.
urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('', include(router.urls)),
    path('api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework'))
]

7、在tutorial/settings.py文件中添加下列代码

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_PAGINATION_CLASS': 'rest_framework.pagination.PageNumberPagination',
    'PAGE_SIZE': 10
}

8、在tutorial/settings.py文件中的INSTALLED_APPS列表中添加下列代码

'rest_framework',

结果如图：

9、 测试我们构建的 API。在cmd中输入下列代码启动服务器。

python manage.py runserver

运行结果：

10、输入下列网址：

http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/

http://127.0.0.1:8000/groups/

127.0.0.1:8000