【OpenCL学习】Windows系统下环境配置（Intel）+测试代码

【OpenCL学习】环境配置（Intel）

最近在做OpenCL的相关调研，花费了一点时间参考博文（环境配置）学习如何配置环境。电脑没有加独立的显卡 ，用的是笔记本自带的Intel® UHD Graphics 620，本文是在windows 10 64位系统上搭建OpenCL的开发环境。

检查显卡是否支持OpenCL

关于电脑的显卡型号以及是否支持OpenCL可以通过下载GPU-Z软件来查看

下载OpenCL

下载Intel SDK，安装步骤很简单，中间只需要自定义安装路径即可。
下载网址：https://software.intel.com/en-us/intel-opencl/download

在Visual Studio 2015配置OpenCL环境

在其他博客中有看到通过配置Microsoft.Cpp.Win32.user的属性达到永久配置的效果，但是尝试了一下没有成功，下面列出来的环境配置方法是针对每个项目来的：
1.打开vs2015新建一个空项目

2.配置文件（所需的文件均在上一步下载的SDK中）
（1）将OpenCL的SDK头文件包含到项目中：C/C+±>常规->附加包含目录->添加CL文件夹的目录

（2）配置预处理器
C/C+±>预处理器->预处理器定义->添加“_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS"，避免编译时的函数报错

（3）配置外部依赖OpenCL.lib目录
链接器 → 常规 → 附加库目录→ 添加OpenCL.lib所在的目录
链接器 → 常规 → 启用增量链接 → 编辑 → 否
32位平台是X86，64位平台是X64

需要注意的是，配置需要与下图所示达成一致

（4）配置OpenCL.lib文件
链接器 → 输入 → 附加依赖项 → 添加“OpenCL.lib”

配置完成后保存即可在该项目中进行OpenCL代码的编写和运行

测试

在源文件中添加主机程序(.cpp)和内核程序(.cl)，并点击运行，结果如下所示：

主机程序代码

//源.cpp
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#define PROGRAM_FILE "matvec.cl"
#define KERNEL_FUNC "matvec_mult"

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#pragma warning( disable : 4996 )
#ifdef MAC
#include <OpenCL/cl.h>
#else  
#include <CL/cl.h>
#endif

int main() {

	/* Host/device data structures */
	cl_platform_id platform;
	cl_device_id device;
	cl_context context;
	cl_command_queue queue;
	cl_int i, err;

	/* Program/kernel data structures */
	cl_program program;
	FILE *program_handle;
	char *program_buffer, *program_log;
	size_t program_size, log_size;
	cl_kernel kernel;

	/* Data and buffers */
	float mat[16], vec[4], result[4];
	float correct[4] = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f };
	cl_mem mat_buff, vec_buff, res_buff;
	size_t work_units_per_kernel;

	/* Initialize data to be processed by the kernel */
	for (i = 0; i<16; i++) {
		mat[i] = i * 2.0f;
	}
	for (i = 0; i<4; i++) {
		vec[i] = i * 3.0f;
		correct[0] += mat[i] * vec[i];
		correct[1] += mat[i + 4] * vec[i];
		correct[2] += mat[i + 8] * vec[i];
		correct[3] += mat[i + 12] * vec[i];
	}

	/* Identify a platform */
	err = clGetPlatformIDs(1, &platform, NULL);
	if (err < 0) {
		perror("Couldn't find any platforms");
		exit(1);
	}

	/* Access a device */
	err = clGetDeviceIDs(platform, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_GPU, 1, &device, NULL);
	if (err < 0) {
		perror("Couldn't find any devices");
		exit(1);
	}

	/* Create the context */
	context = clCreateContext(NULL, 1, &device, NULL, NULL, &err);
	if (err < 0) {
		perror("Couldn't create a context");
		exit(1);
	}

	/* Read program file and place content into buffer */
	program_handle = fopen(PROGRAM_FILE, "r");
	if (program_handle == NULL) {
		perror("Couldn't find the program file");
		exit(1);
	}
	fseek(program_handle, 0, SEEK_END);
	program_size = ftell(program_handle);
	rewind(program_handle);
	program_buffer = (char*)malloc(program_size + 1);
	program_buffer[program_size] = '\0';
	fread(program_buffer, sizeof(char), program_size, program_handle);
	fclose(program_handle);

	/* Create program from file */
	program = clCreateProgramWithSource(context, 1,
		(const char**)&program_buffer, &program_size, &err);
	if (err < 0) {
		perror("Couldn't create the program");
		exit(1);
	}
	free(program_buffer);

	/* Build program */
	err = clBuildProgram(program, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
	if (err < 0) {

		/* Find size of log and print to std output */
		clGetProgramBuildInfo(program, device, CL_PROGRAM_BUILD_LOG,
			0, NULL, &log_size);
		program_log = (char*)malloc(log_size + 1);
		program_log[log_size] = '\0';
		clGetProgramBuildInfo(program, device, CL_PROGRAM_BUILD_LOG,
			log_size + 1, program_log, NULL);
		printf("%s\n", program_log);
		free(program_log);
		exit(1);
	}

	/* Create kernel for the mat_vec_mult function */
	kernel = clCreateKernel(program, KERNEL_FUNC, &err);
	if (err < 0) {
		perror("Couldn't create the kernel");
		exit(1);
	}

	/* Create CL buffers to hold input and output data */
	mat_buff = clCreateBuffer(context, CL_MEM_READ_ONLY |
		CL_MEM_COPY_HOST_PTR, sizeof(float) * 16, mat, &err);
	if (err < 0) {
		perror("Couldn't create a buffer object");
		exit(1);
	}
	vec_buff = clCreateBuffer(context, CL_MEM_READ_ONLY |
		CL_MEM_COPY_HOST_PTR, sizeof(float) * 4, vec, NULL);
	res_buff = clCreateBuffer(context, CL_MEM_WRITE_ONLY,
		sizeof(float) * 4, NULL, NULL);

	/* Create kernel arguments from the CL buffers */
	err = clSetKernelArg(kernel, 0, sizeof(cl_mem), &mat_buff);
	if (err < 0) {
		perror("Couldn't set the kernel argument");
		exit(1);
	}
	clSetKernelArg(kernel, 1, sizeof(cl_mem), &vec_buff);
	clSetKernelArg(kernel, 2, sizeof(cl_mem), &res_buff);

	/* Create a CL command queue for the device*/
	queue = clCreateCommandQueue(context, device, 0, &err);
	if (err < 0) {
		perror("Couldn't create the command queue");
		exit(1);
	}

	/* Enqueue the command queue to the device */
	work_units_per_kernel = 4; /* 4 work-units per kernel */
	err = clEnqueueNDRangeKernel(queue, kernel, 1, NULL, &work_units_per_kernel,
		NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
	if (err < 0) {
		perror("Couldn't enqueue the kernel execution command");
		exit(1);
	}

	/* Read the result */
	err = clEnqueueReadBuffer(queue, res_buff, CL_TRUE, 0, sizeof(float) * 4,
		result, 0, NULL, NULL);
	if (err < 0) {
		perror("Couldn't enqueue the read buffer command");
		exit(1);
	}

	/* Test the result */
	if ((result[0] == correct[0]) && (result[1] == correct[1])
		&& (result[2] == correct[2]) && (result[3] == correct[3])) {
		printf("Matrix-vector multiplication successful.\n");
	}
	else {
		printf("Matrix-vector multiplication unsuccessful.\n");
	}

	/* Deallocate resources */
	clReleaseMemObject(mat_buff);
	clReleaseMemObject(vec_buff);
	clReleaseMemObject(res_buff);
	clReleaseKernel(kernel);
	clReleaseCommandQueue(queue);
	clReleaseProgram(program);
	clReleaseContext(context);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

内核程序代码：

//matecv.cl
__kernel void matvec_mult(__global float4* matrix,
	__global float4* vector,
	__global float* result) {

	int i = get_global_id(0);
	result[i] = dot(matrix[i], vector[0]);
}

##遇到的问题
1.需要保持配置的OpenCL.lib目录与解决方案配置和平台保持一致，否则会出现系统找不到指定exe文件的报错：

2.在OpenCL2.0中clCreateCommandQueue函数已经被弃用了，需要在使用前#pragma warning( disable : 4996 )来避免报错

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以上就是整个环境的搭建过程，如有问题，请提出~
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作者：Isla