Hystrix断路器

概述

复杂分布式体系结构中的应用程序有数十个依赖关系，每个依赖关系在某些时候将不可避免地失败。

服务雪崩
多个微服务之间调用的时候，假设微服务A调用微服务B和微服务C，微服务B和微服务C又调用其他的微服务，这就是所谓的“扇出”。如果扇出的链路上某个微服务的调用响应时间过长或者不可用，对微服务A的调用就会占用越来越多的系统资源，进而引起系统崩溃，所谓的“雪崩效应”。

对于高流量的应用来说，单一的后端依赖可能会导致所有服务器上的所有资源都在几秒内饱和。比失败更糟糕的是，这些应用程序还可能导致服务之间的延迟增加，备份队列，线程和其他系统资源紧张，导致整个系统发生更多的级联故障。这些都表示需要对故障和延迟进行隔离和管理，以便单个依赖关系的失败，不能取消整个应用程序或系统。

所以，通常当你发现一个模块下的某个实例失败后，这时候这个模块依然还会接收流量，然后这个有问题的模块还调用了其他的模块，这样就会发生级联故障，或者叫雪崩。

Hystrix
Hystrix是一个用于处理分布式系统的延迟和容错的开源库，在分布式系统里，许多依赖不可避免的会调用失败，比如超时、异常等，Hystrix能够保证在一个依赖出问题的情况下，不会导致整体服务失败，避免级联故障，以提高分布式系统的弹性。

“断路器”本身是一种开关装置，当某个服务单元发生故障之后，通过断路器的故障监控（类似熔断保险丝），向调用方返回一个符合预期的、可处理的备选响应（FallBack），而不是长时间的等待或者抛出调用方无法处理的异常，这样就保证了服务调用方的线程不会被长时间、不必要地占用，从而避免了故障在分布式系统中地蔓延，乃至崩溃。

服务降级
服务器忙，请稍后再试，不让客户端等待并立刻返回一个友好提示，fallback。

发生服务降级的情况：

• 程序运行异常
• 超时
• 服务熔断触发服务降级
• 线程池/信号量打满也会导致服务降级

服务熔断
类比保险丝达到最大服务访问后，直接拒绝访问，拉闸限电，然后调用服务降级的方法并返回友好提示。

服务限流
秒杀高并发等操作，严禁一窝蜂的过来拥挤，大家排队，一秒N个，有序进行。

降级容错解决的维度要求

解决的问题	解决的要求
超时导致服务器变慢	超时不再等待
出错（宕机或程序运行出错）	出错要有兜底

解决问题的场景：

• 对方服务8001超时了，调用者80不能一直卡死等待，必须有服务降级。
• 对方服务8001宕机了，调用者80不能一直卡死等待，必须有服务降级。
• 对方服务8001是OK的，调用者80自己出故障或有自我要求（自己的等待时间少于服务提供者），自己处理降级。

服务降级

支付侧fallback

设置自身调用超时时间的峰值，峰值内可以正常运行，超过了需要有兜底的方法处理，作服务降级fallback。

一旦调用服务方法失败并抛出了错误信息后，会自动调用@HystrixCommand标注好的fallbackMethod调用类中的指定方法。

构建cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001模块。
pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.qrxqrx.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001</artifactId>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.qrxqrx.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

application.yml

server:
  port: 8001
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-provider-hystrix-payment

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetch-registry: true
    service-url:
      # defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka 单机
      # defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka # 集群
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka

PaymentHystrixMain8001

package com.qrxqrx.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.circuitbreaker.EnableCircuitBreaker;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableCircuitBreaker
public class PaymentHystrixMain8001 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentHystrixMain8001.class,args);
    }

}

PaymentService

package com.qrxqrx.springcloud.service;

import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixProperty;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@Service
public class PaymentService {

    public String paymentInfo_OK(Integer id) {
        return "thread pool: "+Thread.currentThread().getName()+" paymentInfo_OK,id: "+id;
    }


    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentInfo_TimeoutHandler",commandProperties = {
            @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds",value = "3000")
    })
    public String paymentInfo_Timeout(Integer id) {
        try {
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(5);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "thread pool: "+Thread.currentThread().getName()+" paymentInfo_Timeout,id: "+id;
    }

    public String paymentInfo_TimeoutHandler(Integer id) {
        return "thread pool: "+Thread.currentThread().getName()+" paymentInfo_TimeoutHandler,id: "+id;
    }

}

PaymentController

package com.qrxqrx.springcloud.controller;


import com.qrxqrx.springcloud.service.PaymentService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {

    @Resource
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result = paymentService.paymentInfo_OK(id);
        log.info("result: "+ result);
        return result;
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_Timeout(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result = paymentService.paymentInfo_Timeout(id);
        log.info("result: "+ result);
        return result;
    }

}

订单侧fallback

客户端降级保护

创建cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80模块。

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.qrxqrx.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.qrxqrx.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

application.yml

server:
  port: 80
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/
    register-with-eureka: false
feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true

OrderHystrixMain80

package com.qrxqrx.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.EnableHystrix;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableHystrix
public class OrderHystrixMain80 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderHystrixMain80.class,args);
    }

}

PaymentHystrixService

package com.qrxqrx.springcloud.service;

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

@Component
@FeignClient(value = "CLOUD-PROVIDER-HYSTRIX-PAYMENT")
public interface PaymentHystrixService {

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_Timeout(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);

}

PaymentHystrixController

package com.qrxqrx.springcloud.controller;

import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixProperty;
import com.qrxqrx.springcloud.service.PaymentHystrixService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentHystrixController {

    @Resource
    private PaymentHystrixService paymentHystrixService;


    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_OK(id);
        return result;
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentTimeoutFallbackMethod",commandProperties = {
            @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds",value = "20000")
    })
    public String paymentInfo_Timeout(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_Timeout(id);
        return result;
    }

    public String paymentTimeoutFallbackMethod(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result = "80 paymentTimeoutFallbackMethod - pay busy!";
        return result;
    }

}

全局服务降级

不用为每个方法配置服务降级方法。

通用的和专属的各自分开，避免代码膨胀，合理减少代码量。

package com.qrxqrx.springcloud.controller;

import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.DefaultProperties;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixProperty;
import com.qrxqrx.springcloud.service.PaymentHystrixService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
@Slf4j
@DefaultProperties(defaultFallback = "payment_Global_FallbackMethod")
public class PaymentHystrixController {

    @Resource
    private PaymentHystrixService paymentHystrixService;


    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_OK(id);
        return result;
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
//    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentTimeoutFallbackMethod",commandProperties = {
//            @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds",value = "20000")
//    })
    @HystrixCommand
    public String paymentInfo_Timeout(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_Timeout(id);
        return result;
    }

//    public String paymentTimeoutFallbackMethod() {
//        String result = "80 paymentTimeoutFallbackMethod - pay busy!";
//        return result;
//    }

    public String payment_Global_FallbackMethod() {
        String result = "80 payment_Global_FallbackMethod - pay busy!";
        return result;
    }

}

通配服务降级

只要为Feign客户端定义的接口添加一个服务降级处理的实现类即可实现解耦。
PaymentHystrixService

package com.qrxqrx.springcloud.service;

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

@Component
@FeignClient(value = "CLOUD-PROVIDER-HYSTRIX-PAYMENT",fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class)
public interface PaymentHystrixService {

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_Timeout(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);

}

PaymentFallbackService

package com.qrxqrx.springcloud.service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class PaymentFallbackService implements PaymentHystrixService {

    @Override
    public String paymentInfo_OK(Integer id) {
        return "paymentInfo_OK - PaymentFallbackService";
    }

    @Override
    public String paymentInfo_Timeout(Integer id) {
        return "paymentInfo_Timeout - PaymentFallbackService";
    }
}

服务熔断

熔断机制概述
熔断机制是应对雪崩效应的一种微服务链路保护机制。当扇出链路的某个微服务出错不可用或者响应时间太长时，会进行服务的降级，进而熔断该节点微服务的调用，快速返回错误的响应信息。当检测到该节点微服务调用响应正常后，恢复调用链路。

在spring cloud框架里，熔断机制通过Hystrix实现。Hystrix会监控微服务间调用的状况，当失败调用到一定阈值，缺省是5秒内20次调用失败，就会启动熔断机制，熔断机制的注解是@HystrixCommand。

• 熔断打开：请求不再进行调用当前服务，内部设置时钟一般为MTTR（平均故障处理时间），当打开时长达到所设时钟则进入半熔断状态。
• 熔断关闭：熔断关闭不会对服务进行熔断。
• 熔断半开：部分请求根据规则调用当前服务，如果请求成功且符合规则则认为当前服务恢复正常，关闭熔断。

流程：服务降级->服务熔断->恢复调用链路
在cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001模块基础上做改动。

PaymentService

package com.qrxqrx.springcloud.service;

import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixProperty;
import org.springframework.cloud.commons.util.IdUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@Service
public class PaymentService {

    public String paymentInfo_OK(Integer id) {
        return "thread pool: "+Thread.currentThread().getName()+" paymentInfo_OK,id: "+id;
    }


    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentInfo_TimeoutHandler",commandProperties = {
            @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds",value = "10000")
    })
    public String paymentInfo_Timeout(Integer id) {
        try {
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "thread pool: "+Thread.currentThread().getName()+" paymentInfo_Timeout,id: "+id;
    }

    public String paymentInfo_TimeoutHandler(Integer id) {
        return "thread pool: "+Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 8001paymentInfo_TimeoutHandler,id: "+id;
    }

    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentCircuitBreaker_fallback", commandProperties = {
            @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.enabled", value = "true"), //是否开启断路器
            @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.requestVolumeThreshold", value = "10"), //请求次数
            @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.sleepWindowInMilliseconds", value = "10000"), //时间范围
            @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.errorThresholdPercentage", value = "60") //失败率达到多少后跳闸
    })                          // 在时间范围内，请求次数中超过失败率则熔断
    public String paymentCircuitBreaker(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        if (id < 0) {
            throw new RuntimeException("id can not < 0!");
        }
        String serialNumber = IdUtil.simpleUUID();
        return Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+"call succ, serialnum: "+serialNumber;
    }

    public String paymentCircuitBreaker_fallback(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        return "id can not < 0! id: "+id;
    }

}

PaymentController

package com.qrxqrx.springcloud.controller;


import com.qrxqrx.springcloud.service.PaymentService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {

    @Resource
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result = paymentService.paymentInfo_OK(id);
        log.info("result: "+ result);
        return result;
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_Timeout(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result = paymentService.paymentInfo_Timeout(id);
        log.info("result: "+ result);
        return result;
    }

    @GetMapping("/payment/circuit/{id}")
    public String paymentCircuitBreaker(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result = paymentService.paymentCircuitBreaker(id);
        log.info(result);
        return result;
    }

}

涉及到断路器的三个重要参数：

• 快照时间窗：断路器确定是否打开需要统计一些请求和错误数据，而统计的时间范围就是快照时间窗，默认为最近的10秒。
• 请求总数阈值：在快照时间窗内，必须满足请求总数阈值才有资格熔断。默认为20，意味着在10秒内，如果该hystrix命令的调用次数不足20次，即使所有的请求都超时或其他原因失败，断路器都不会打开。
• 错误百分比阈值：当请求总数在快照时间窗口内超过了阈值，比如发生了30次调用，如果在这30次调用中，有15次发生了超时异常，也就是超过50%的错误百分比，在默认设定50%阈值情况下，这时候就会将断路器打开。

断路器开启或关闭的条件：

• 当满足一定的阈值的时候（默认10秒内超过20个请求次数）
• 当失败率达到一定的时候（默认10秒内超过50%的请求失败）
• 到达以上阈值，断路器将会开启
• 当开启的时候，所有请求都不会进行转发
• 一段时间后（默认是5秒），这个时候断路器是半开状态，会让其中一个请求进行转发。如果成功，断路器会关闭，若失败，继续开启。重复4和5。

断路器打开后，再有请求调用的时候，将不会调用主逻辑，而是直接调用降级fallback，通过断路器，实现了自动的发现错误并将降级逻辑切换为主逻辑，减少响应延迟的效果。

hystrix实现了自动恢复功能。当断路器打开，对主逻辑进行熔断之后，hystrix会启动一个休眠时间窗，在这个时间窗内，降级逻辑是临时的成为主逻辑当休眠时间窗到期，断路器将进入半开状态，释放一次请求到原来的主逻辑上，如果此次请求正常返回，那么断路器将继续闭合，主逻辑恢复，如果请求依然有问题，断路器继续进入打开状态，休眠时间窗重新计时。

服务监控HystrixDashboard

除了隔离依赖服务的调用以外，hystrix还提供了准实时的调用监控，hystrix会持续地记录所有通过hystrix发起地请求地执行信息，并以统计报表和图形地形式展示给用户，包括每秒执行多少请求多少成功、多少失败等。Netflix通过hystrix-metrics-event-stream项目实现了对以上指标地监控。spring cloud也提供了hystrix dashboard地整合，对监控内容转化成可视界面。

创建cloud-consumer-hystrix-dashboard9001模块。

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.qrxqrx.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-hystrix-dashboard9001</artifactId>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.qrxqrx.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>



</project>

application.yml

server:
  port: 9001

HystrixDashboardMain9001

package com.qrxqrx.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.dashboard.EnableHystrixDashboard;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableHystrixDashboard
public class HystrixDashboardMain9001 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(HystrixDashboardMain9001.class,args);
    }

}

所有微服务提供类都需要监控依赖配置：

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

http://localhost:9001/hystrix

在监控地模块中添加：

package com.qrxqrx.springcloud;

import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.metrics.eventstream.HystrixMetricsStreamServlet;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.circuitbreaker.EnableCircuitBreaker;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableCircuitBreaker
public class PaymentHystrixMain8001 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentHystrixMain8001.class,args);
    }

    @Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean getServlet() {
        HystrixMetricsStreamServlet streamServlet = new HystrixMetricsStreamServlet();
        ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(streamServlet);
        registrationBean.setLoadOnStartup(1);
        registrationBean.addUrlMappings("/hystrix.stream");
        registrationBean.setName("HystrixMetricsStreamServlet");
        return registrationBean;
    }

}

9001监控8001：


实心圆共有两种含义。它通过颜色地变化代表了实例地健康程度，它地健康程度从绿色<黄色<橙色<红色递减。

该实心圆除了颜色的变化之外，它的大小也会根据实例的请求流量发生变化，流量越大实心圆就越大。所以通过该实心圆的展示，就可以在大量的实例中快速的发现故障实例和高压力实例。