Python基础:文件操作
1、文件操作
f = open('file.txt', 'w')
f.write('aaa')
f.close()
f = open('file.txt', 'a')
f.write('xyz')
f.close()
f = open('file.txt', 'r')
print(f.read())
f.close()
2、读
f = open('file.txt', 'r')
print(f.read(5))
f.close()
f = open('file.txt', 'r')
print(f.readlines()) # ['aaa\n', 'bbb\n', 'xyz']
f.close()
f = open('file.txt', 'r')
line1 = f.readline() # "aaa"
line2 = f.readline() # " bbb"
line3 = f.readline() # " xyz"
print(line1, line2, line3)
f.close()
带b:二进制
带+:可读可写
seek(偏移量,模式)
模式0:开头;模式1:当前;模式2:结尾
f = open('file.txt', 'a+')
f.seek(3, 0)
print(f.read())
f.seek(0, 1)
print(f.read())
f.seek(0, 2)
print(f.read())
f.close()
3、文件备份
import os
old_name = input('Input Back File Name >> ')
if os.path.exists(old_name):
index = old_name.rfind('.')
new_name = old_name[:index] + '_back' + old_name[index:]
old_file = open(old_name, 'rb')
new_file = open(new_name, 'wb')
while True:
line = old_file.readline()
if len(line) == 0:
break
new_file.write(line)
old_file.close()
new_file.close()
else:
print(f'File {old_name} is not exists...')
4、文件和文件夹操作
import os
os.rename('file_back.txt', 'file_rename.txt')
os.remove('file_rename.txt')
os.mkdir('new_dir')
os.rmdir('new_dir')
print(os.getcwd())
print(os.listdir())
批量重命名
import os
file_list = os.listdir()
for file_name in file_list:
if file_name.split('.')[1] == 'py':
new_name = 'Python-' + file_name.split('.')[0] + '.py'
os.rename(file_name, new_name)