Python基础：文件操作

Python基础：文件操作

1、文件操作

f = open('file.txt', 'w')
f.write('aaa')
f.close()
f = open('file.txt', 'a')
f.write('xyz')
f.close()
f = open('file.txt', 'r')
print(f.read())
f.close()

2、读

f = open('file.txt', 'r')
print(f.read(5))
f.close()

f = open('file.txt', 'r')
print(f.readlines())  # ['aaa\n', 'bbb\n', 'xyz']
f.close()

f = open('file.txt', 'r')
line1 = f.readline()  # "aaa"
line2 = f.readline()  # " bbb"
line3 = f.readline()  # " xyz"
print(line1, line2, line3)
f.close()

带b：二进制
带+：可读可写

seek(偏移量，模式)
模式0：开头；模式1：当前；模式2：结尾

f = open('file.txt', 'a+')
f.seek(3, 0)
print(f.read())
f.seek(0, 1)
print(f.read())
f.seek(0, 2)
print(f.read())
f.close()

3、文件备份

import os

old_name = input('Input Back File Name >> ')
if os.path.exists(old_name):
    index = old_name.rfind('.')
    new_name = old_name[:index] + '_back' + old_name[index:]
    old_file = open(old_name, 'rb')
    new_file = open(new_name, 'wb')
    while True:
        line = old_file.readline()
        if len(line) == 0:
            break
        new_file.write(line)
    old_file.close()
    new_file.close()
else:
    print(f'File {old_name} is not exists...')

4、文件和文件夹操作

import os

os.rename('file_back.txt', 'file_rename.txt')
os.remove('file_rename.txt')

os.mkdir('new_dir')
os.rmdir('new_dir')
print(os.getcwd())
print(os.listdir())

批量重命名

import os

file_list = os.listdir()

for file_name in file_list:
    if file_name.split('.')[1] == 'py':
        new_name = 'Python-' + file_name.split('.')[0] + '.py'
        os.rename(file_name, new_name)