Spring5-声明式事务

1 回顾事务

• 把一组业务当成一个业务来做：要么都成功，要么都失败

• 事务在项目开发中十分重要，涉及到数据的一致性问题，不能马虎。

• 确保完整性和一致性

事务ACID原则

• 原子性

• 一致性

• 持久性：一旦提交，无法更改

• 隔离性：多个业务可能操作同一个资源，防止数据损坏

2 spring中的事务管理

声明式事务：AOP
编程时事务：需要在代码中，进行事务的管理

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>SpringStudy</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.kwok</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>spring-11-transaction</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Spring操作数据库的话，还需要一个spring-jdbc-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis-spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.20</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

</project>

User

package com.kwok.pojo;

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String password;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(int id, String name, String password) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.password = password;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

UserMapper

package com.kwok.mapper;

import com.kwok.pojo.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserMapper {
    public List<User> getUserList();

    // 添加一个用户
    public int addUser(User user);
    // 删除一个用户
    public int deleteUser(int id);
}

UserMapperImpl

package com.kwok.mapper;

import com.kwok.pojo.User;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;

import java.util.List;

public class UserMapperImpl implements UserMapper {

    // 在原来，我们的所有操作，都是用sqlSession来执行；现在都是使用SqlSessionTemplate来执行
    private SqlSessionTemplate sqlSession;

    public void setSqlSession(SqlSessionTemplate sqlSession) {
        this.sqlSession = sqlSession;
    }

    @Override
    public List<User> getUserList() {

        User user = new User(3, "王美丽", "000");
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);

        mapper.addUser(user);
        mapper.deleteUser(2);

        return mapper.getUserList();
    }

    @Override
    public int addUser(User user) {
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        return mapper.addUser(user);
    }

    @Override
    public int deleteUser(int id) {
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        return mapper.deleteUser(id);
    }
}

UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.kwok.mapper.UserMapper">

    <select id="getUserList" resultType="user">
        select * from user;
    </select>

    <insert id="addUser" parameterType="user">
        insert into user (id,name,password) values (#{id}, #{name}, #{password});
    </insert>

    <delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
        delete from user where id=#{id};
    </delete>

</mapper>

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--configuration核心配置文件-->
<configuration>

    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.kwok.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

</configuration>

spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!--Datasource:使用spring的数据源替换Mybatis的配置  c3p0 dbcp druid
        我们这里使用spring提供的jdbc  org.springframework.jdbc.datasource
    -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis_05?useSSL=false&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="123"/>
    </bean>

    <!--sqlSessionFactory-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--绑定mybatis配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/kwok/mapper/*.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!--SqlSessionTemplate: 就是我们使用的sqlSession-->
    <bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
        <!--只能使用构造器注入sqlSessionFactory，因为它没有set方法-->
        <constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置声明式事务-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>

    <!--结合AOP实现事务的注入-->
    <!--配置事务的类-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <!--给哪些方法配置事务-->
        <!--配置事务的传播特性：new propagation-->
        <tx:attributes>
            <!--<tx:method name="add" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="delete" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="update" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="query" read-only="true"/>-->
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!--配置事务切入-->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="txPointCut" expression="execution(* com.kwok.mapper.*.*(..))"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointCut"/>
    </aop:config>

</beans>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    
    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>

    <bean id="userMapper" class="com.kwok.mapper.UserMapperImpl">
        <property name="sqlSession" ref="sqlSession"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

MyTest

import com.kwok.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.kwok.pojo.User;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

public class MyTest {
    @Test
    public void selectUser() throws IOException {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        UserMapper userMapper = context.getBean("userMapper", UserMapper.class);
        List<User> userList = userMapper.getUserList();
        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }
}