Android——RecyclerView(未解决Item满屏问题)

1.首先使用RecyclerView时要导入依赖包，导包教程：Android Studio导入依赖包教程

2.在布局中加入RecyclerView控件，代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/recycler_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

    </android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView>

</RelativeLayout>

2.新建Fruit类和fruit_item.XML这个我的博文ListView中已经给出，直接上代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"/>
</LinearLayout>

package com.example.test;

public class Fruit {
    private String name;
    private int imageId;

    public Fruit(String name, int imageId) {
        this.imageId = imageId;
        this.name=name;
    }

    public int getImageId() {
        return imageId;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
}

3.接下来为RecyclerView准备一个适配器，新建FruitAdapter类，这个类继承RecyclerView.Adapter，并且泛型指定为FruitAdapter.ViewHolder。其中ViewHolder是我们在FruitAdapter中定义的内部类，一会我将解释ViewHolder的作用于。代码如下：

package com.example.test;

import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.List;

public class FruitAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<FruitAdapter.ViewHolder> {
    private List<Fruit>fruitList;
    static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
        ImageView fruitImage;
        TextView fruitName;
        public ViewHolder(View view){
            super(view);
            fruitImage=view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
            fruitName=view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
        }
    }
    public FruitAdapter(List<Fruit> fruitLists){
        fruitList=fruitLists;
    }

    @NonNull
    @Override//创建ViewHolder实例
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup viewGroup, int i) {
        View view= LayoutInflater.from(viewGroup.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.fruit_item,viewGroup,false);
        ViewHolder viewHolder=new ViewHolder(view);
        return viewHolder;
    }

    @Override//对RecycleView子项的数据进行赋值
    public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull ViewHolder viewHolder, int i) {
        Fruit fruit=fruitList.get(i);
        viewHolder.fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
        viewHolder.fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
    }

    @Override//告诉RecyclerView一共有多少子项
    public int getItemCount() {
        return fruitList.size();
    }
}

其中ViewHolder就是一个持有者的类，他里面一般没有方法，只有属性，作用就是一个临时的储存器。这样做的好处就是不必每次都到布局文件中去拿到你的View，提高了效率。

4.适配器写好后，就可以使用RecyclerView了，编写MainActivity代码：

package com.example.test;


import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<>();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initfruit();
        RecyclerView recyclerView=findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
        LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager=new LinearLayoutManager(this);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);
        FruitAdapter fruitAdapter=new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(fruitAdapter);
    }

    private void initfruit() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            Fruit fruit = new Fruit("aaa", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
            fruitList.add(fruit);
            Fruit fruit1 = new Fruit("bbb", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
            fruitList.add(fruit1);
        }
    }
}

LinerLayoutManager用于指定RecyclerView的布局方式，这是线性布局的意思。

但是运行结果每个Item占满了屏幕，无法解决。