1 高阶函数
1.1 map函数
result=map(lambda x:x**2, range(4))
print(result)
print(list(result))
输出:
<map object at 0x000001DB8AE72190>
[0, 1, 4, 9]
1.2 reduce函数
from functools import reduce
result=reduce(lambda x,y:x+y,[1,2,3,4])
print(result)
输出:
10
1.3 filter函数
result=filter(lambda x:x%2==0,[1,2,4,5,6] )
print(result)
print(list(result))
输出:
<filter object at 0x000002406E012310>
[2, 4, 6]
1.4 sorted函数
result=sorted([1,3,5,4,2,1,5])
print(result)
result=sorted([1,3,5,4,2,1,5],reverse=True)
print(result)
2 异常处理
2.1 异常处理机制
else:没有异常时,执行的内容
finally: 总会执行的内容
try:
a = 1
print(b)
except NameError as e:
print('0-name error')
except KeyError:
print('4-key error')
except Exception as e:
print('1-exception')
else:
print('2-no error')
finally:
print('3-run code')
输出:
0-name error
3-run code
2.2 抛出异常
age=int(input('请输入年龄:'))
if 0< age <200:
print(age)
else:
raise ValueError("请输入正确的年龄")
输出:
请输入年龄:-2
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/kang~/PycharmProjects/pythonProject3/test.py", line 270, in <module>
raise ValueError("请输入正确的年龄")
ValueError: 请输入正确的年龄
2.3 自定义的异常
class AgeError(ValueError):
pass
age=int(input('请输入年龄:'))
if 0< age <200:
print(age)
else:
raise AgeError("请输入正确的年龄")
输出:
请输入年龄:-1
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/kang~/PycharmProjects/pythonProject3/test.py", line 273, in <module>
raise AgeError("请输入正确的年龄")
__main__.AgeError: 请输入正确的年龄