数学符号、希腊、拉丁字母、单位、标点的中英文读法

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我已尽量按标准字体输出这些符号，若有不符合该符号的写法或翻译，请在评论区留言。

Α	α	a:lf	阿尔法	alpha	角度；系数
Β	β	beta	beta	贝塔	磁通系数；角度；系数
Γ	γ	gamma	ga:ma	伽马	电导系数（小写）
Δ	δ	delta	delta	德尔塔	变动；密度；屈光度
Ε	ε	epsilon	ep`silon	艾普西龙	对数之基数
Ζ	ζ	zeta	zeta	捷塔	系数；方位角；阻抗；相对粘度；原子序数
Η	η	eta	ita	依塔	磁滞系数；效率（小写）
Θ	θ	thet	θita	西塔	温度；相位角
Ι	ι	iot	aiota	艾欧塔	微小，一点儿
Κ	κ	kappa	kapa	卡帕	介质常数
∧	λ	lambda	lambda	拉姆达	波长（小写）；体积
Μ	μ	mu	mju:	缪	磁导系数；微（千分之一）；放大因数（小写）
Ν	ν	nu	nju:	纽	磁阻系数
Ξ	ξ	xi	ksi	克西
Ο	ο	omicron	omik`ron	奥密克戎
∏	π	pi	pai	派	圆周率=圆周÷直径=3.1416
Ρ	ρ	rho	rou	肉	电阻系数（小写）
∑	σ	sigma	`sigma	西格玛	总和（大写），表面密度；跨导（小写）
Τ	τ	tau	tau	套	时间常数
Υ	υ	upsilon	jup`silon	宇普西龙	位移
Φ	φ	phi	fai	佛爱	磁通；角
Χ	χ	chi	phai	西
Ψ	ψ	psi	psai	普西	角速；介质电通量（静电力线）；角
Ω	ω	omega	o`miga	欧米伽	欧姆（大写）；角速（小写）；角

——	dash	破折号
_	underscore	下划线
-	hyphen	连字符
‘ ’	single quotation marks	单引号
“ ”	double quotation marks	双引号
( )	parentheses	圆括号
[ ]	square brackets	方括号
{ }	brace	花括号
《 》	French quotes	法文引号；书名号
< >	angle bracket	尖括号
(	parenleft	左圆括号
)	parenright	右圆括号
[	bracketleft	左方括号
]	bracketright	右方括号
{	braceleft	左大括号
}	braceright	右大括号
......	ellipsis	省略号
¨	tandem colon	双点号
"	ditto	同上
` `	backquote	反引号
'	apostrophe	省略符号；单引号；省略号；撇号
,	comma	逗号
.	period；full stop；dot	句号；点
‖	parallel	双线号
|	bar	竖线
\	backslash；escape	反斜杠；有时表示转义符或续行符
/	slash；virgule；oblique；divide	斜线；斜杠；除号
//	slash-slash；comment	双斜线；注释符
＆	ampersand；and	和号；与符号
～	swung dash	代字号
~	tilde	波浪符
§	section	章节号
→	arrow	箭号；参见号
＋	plus	加号；正号
－	minus	减号；负号
±	plus or minus	正负号
×	is multiplied by	乘号
÷	is divided by	除号
＝	is equal to	等于号
≠	is not equal to	不等于号
≡	is equivalent to	全等于号
≌	is equal to or approximately equal to	等于或约等于号
≈	is approximately equal to	约等于号
＜	is less than	小于号
＞	is more than	大于号
≮	is not less than	不小于号
≯	is not more than	不大于号
≤	is less than or equal to	小于或等于号
≥	is more than or equal to	大于或等于号
％	per cent	百分之…
‰	per mill	千分之…
∞	infinity	无限大号
∝	varies as	与…成比例
√	(square) root	平方根
∵	since; because	因为
∴	hence	所以
∷	equals；as (proportion)	等于；成比例
∠	angle	角
⌒	semicircle	半圆
⊙	circle	圆
○	circumference	圆周
△	triangle	三角形
⊥	perpendicular to	垂直于
∪	union of	并，合集
∩	intersection of	交，通集
∫	the integral of	…的积分
∑	(sigma) summation of	总和
°	degree	度
＃	pound	井号
℃	Celsius system	摄氏度
^	caret	插入符号；脱字符
*	asterisk	星号（置于词语旁以引起注意或另有注释）
:	colon	冒号
;	division；semicolon	分号
?	question mark	问号
!	exclamation mark（英式） exclamation point（美式）	感叹号
x'	x prime	比如转置矩阵
x"	x double-prime
I	one；1st；the first	1
IV	four；4th；the fourth	4
V	five；5th；the fifth	5
VI	six；6th；the sixth	6
IX	nine；9th；the ninth	9
X	ten；10th；the tenth	10
XIV	fourteen；14th；the fourteenth	14
XV	fifteen；15th；the fifteenth	15
XX	twenty；20th；the twentieth	20
XXX	thirty；30th；the thirtieth	30
XL	forty；40th；the fortieth	40
L	fifty；50th；the fiftieth	50
LX	sixty；60th；the sixtieth	60
LXX	seventy；70th；the seventieth	70
XC	ninety；90th；the ninetieth	90
IC	ninety-nine；99th；the ninety-ninth	99
C	one hundred；100th；the hundredth
10,000	ten thousand	一万
100,000	one hundred thousand	十万
1,000,000	one million	一百万
10,000,000	ten million	一千万
100,000,000	one hundred million	一亿
十亿以上的大数，英美有不同的读法
英式	美式
one thousand million	one billion	十亿
ten thousand million	ten billion	百亿
one hundred thousand million	one hundred billion	千亿
one billion	one trillion	万亿
Fractions(分数)通常将分子读为基数，将分母读为序数。
1/4	a quarter；one fouth
9/10	nine tenths
5 3/4	five and three quarters	五又四分之三
15/64	fifteen over/by sixty-four
15%	fifteen per cent
4‰	four per mill
0.4	zero (or nought) point four
.01	point (or decimal) nought one
12.34	twelve point three four
567.809	five hundred and sixty-seven point eight nought nine
30.45...5	thirty point four five, five recurring	三十点四五，五循环
0.3%	decimal three percent
6.18	six eighteen	6时18分
the 6.05 p.m. train	the six (nought) five p.m. train	下午6时零5分列车
684 B.C.	Six eighty-four B.C.	公元前684年
19-	nineteen something	19几几年
Vol.I	Volume one (or the first volume)	卷一
Chap.II	Chapter two (or the second chapter)	第2章
Page 3	page Three (or the third page)	第3页
See pp.5-10	See Pages five to ten	见第5-10页
Act V	Act five (or the fifth act)	第5幕
Hamlet III 1:56	Hamlet Act Three, Secene One.Line fifty-six	《哈姆雷特》第3幕第一场第56行
Matt.7:12	Matthew, Chapter Seven, Verse Twelve	《马可福音》第七章第12节
Beethoven Op.49	Beethoven Opus forty-nine	贝多芬作品第49号
4to	quarto	四本开
8vo	octavo	八本开
World War I	World War One	第一次世界大战
World War II	World War Two	第二次世界大战
Charles I	Charles the First	查理一世
Henry V	Henry the Fifth	亨利五世
Mr.-	Mr. Dash; Mr. So-and-so	某某先生
-Esq.,of -	the town of Blank Esquire of Blank University	某大学某某先生
英币
6d.	six pence	六便士
1/2d.	a half penny	半便士
1 1/2d.	a peney half penny or three half peny or three half pence
1/4d.	a farthing	一个铜元
3 3/4d.	three pence three farghings	三便士三铜元
1s.6d.(or 1/6)	one shilling and six pence	一先令六便士
￡1.18(or￡1.18s.)	one pound eighteen shillings	一镑十八先令
￡1.3s.6d.	one pound, three shillings (and) six pence
4/5 1/2(or4s.5 1/2d.)	four shillings and five pence half penny
美币
1.20	one dollar (and) twenty (cents)	美金一元二角
4.25	four dollars twenty-five cents
前苏联币
6 Rb. 15	six roubles fifteen kopecks	六卢布十五戈比
德币
1 m. 60	one mark sixty pfennig	一马克六十芬尼
法币
1 fr.30	one franc. thirty (centimes)	一法郎三十生丁
0 fr.15	fifteen centimes	十五生丁
3 in	three inches	3英寸【1英尺(foot简写成ft.)等于12英寸，1英寸等于2.54厘米】
15 ft.5 in	fifteen foot five (inches) 尤其在inches省略时，ft.读作foot； 如果inches也念出来，ft.可以读作fett.	十五英尺五英寸
18'6 5/1"	eighteen foot six and a fifth (inches)	18英尺6又1/5英寸
10×8feet	ten by eight feet	十英尺长，八英尺宽
5"×4×3 1/2	five inches by four by three and a half	长五英寸，宽四英寸，高三英寸半
12 dr. 23 gr.	twelve drams twenty-three grains	十二打兰二十三喱
10 oz. 4 dr.	ten ounces four drams	十盎司四打兰
3 gi.	three gills	三及耳
1 qt. 1 pt	one quart one pint qt.,pt. 的复数是qts.,pts.,也可以不加s	一夸脱一品脱
20 gal. 5 qt.	twenty gallons five quarts	二十加仑五夸脱
5 bu. 3 pk.	five bushels three pecks	五蒲式耳三配克

加法演算时的读法：例如 37+80+143=260

① Three and seven are ten; I write(or I write down,or I put down)a nought and carry one.

② Four and one that I carry are five, and eight make thirteen, and three are sixteen; I write down six and carry one.

③ One and one (that I carry) are two; I put down two.

④ The sum (or total, or the result of the addition) is two hundred and sixty.

  37,80 and 143 added together, and(or make) 260.

1+2=3	One and two are three
2+3=5	Two plus three equals five
4+0=4	Four and nought is equal to four
45+70+152=267	45,70 and 152 added are (or make) 267. The sum (or total) is 267.

减法演算时的读法：例如 14,310-5210=9100

① I can`t take (or subtract) five from four; I must borrow ten; five from fourteen leaves nine.

② The difference (or The remainder) is nine thousand one hundred.

  5210 (take or substracted) from 14,310 leaves 9,100.

9-4=5	Nine minus four equals (or is equal to) five.
15-7=8	Seven from fifteen leaves eight.
23,654-8,175=15,479	8,175 take (or subtracted) from 23,654 leaves 15,479. The difference (or The remainder) is 15,479.
0-0=0	Nought from nought (leaves) nought.
5-9=-4	Nine from five won`t go.
1-1=0	One from one leaves nought (or nothing).

乘法演算时的读法：例如 679x85=57715

① Five times nine (or Nine multiplied by five) are forty-five; I put down five and carry four.

② Five times seven are thirty-five and four (that I carry) are thirty-nine; I write down nine and carry three.

③ Five times six make thirty and three (that I carry) are thirty-three; I put down thirty-three.

④ Eight times nine (or Eight nine) are seven two; I write two and carry seven.

⑤ Eight times seven make fifty-six and seven are sixty-three; I put down three and carry six.

⑥ Eight times sixe make forty-eight and six are fifty-four; I write down fifty-four.

⑦ I now add the partial results (or products). Five.

⑧ Two and nine are eleven. I write one and carry one.

⑨ Three and three are six and one are seven.

⑩ Four and three make seven. Five.

1×0=0	One multiplied by nought equals nought.
1×1=1	Once one is one.
2×1=2	Twice one is two.
3×5=15	Three times five is fifteen.
6×0=0	Multiply six by nothing, and the result is nothing.

除法演算时的读法：例如 1387÷15=92…7

① Fifteen into thirteen won`t go; fifteen into one hundred and thirty-eight goes nine times; nine times fifteen are one hundred and thirty-five; one hundred and thirty-five from one hundred and thirty-eight leaves three; I bring down seven;

② fifteen into thirty-seven goes twice; twice fifteen are thirty; thirty from thirty-seven leaves seven.

③ The (exact) quotient is ninety-two, and seven remainder; 15 into 1387 goes 92 times, and 7 remainder.

9÷3=3	Nine divided by three makes (or is equal to) three.
20÷5=4	Five into twenty goes four times.
4567÷23=198余13	23 into 4567 goes 198 times, and 13 remainder. The quotient is 198, and 13 remainder.