Writing in the science- Unit 2笔记

2.1使用主动语态

1. 主动语态更生动，更容易阅读
2. 大胆使用 WE,I
3. 避免频繁使用WE,I

2.2什么时候可以使用被动语态？

在方法的章节

1. What was done is more important than who did it!
2. Readers tend to skim the methods section for key words rather than reading it as prose.
3. May be more effort than it’s worth to avoid using “we” and “I” in every sentence.

2.3 动词写作

1. 使用语气强烈的动词
2. 不要把动词转换成名词
   Provide a review of — review
   Offer confirmation of — confirm
   Make a decision — decide
   Shows a peak — peaks
   Provide a description of — describe
3. 不要淹没动词
   把主语和动词一起放在句子的开头。
   读者在等待动词！

2.4一些语法提醒

1. “Data are” not “Data is” data 是复数形式

2. Affect 是动词，effect 是名词

3. Compared to vs. compared with
   Compare to = to point out similarities between different things Compare with** (used more ften in science) = to point out differences between similar things.

4. That vs. which That 是一个限定性的代词，Which 不是
   The bike that is broken is in the garage. (Identifies which bike of many.) The bike, which is broken, is in the garage. (Adds a fact about the only bike in question).

5. 为了避免性别选择，把主语转成复数
   Each student worries about their grade. ×
   Each student worries about her grade. √
   Better: All students worry about their grades. √