C++学习笔记day15-函数运算符重载

1、加号运算符重载

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

//加号运算符重载

//1、成员函数重载+号

//2、全局函数重载+号
class Person
{
public:

	//1、成员函数重载+号
	/*Person operator+(Person &p)
	{
		Person temp;
		temp.m_A = this->m_A + p.m_A;
		temp.m_B = this->m_B + p.m_B;
		return temp;
			   
	}*/
	int m_A;
	int m_B;

};
Person operator+(Person &p1, Person &p2)
{
	Person temp;
	temp.m_A = p1.m_A + p2.m_A;
	temp.m_B = p1.m_B + p2.m_B;
	return temp;
}

void test01()
{
	Person p1;
	p1.m_A = 10;
	p1.m_B = 10;
	Person p2;
	p2.m_A = 10;
	p2.m_B = 10;

	//成员函数本质调用
	/*Person p3 = p1.operator+(p2);
*/
	//全局函数重载本质调用
	Person p3 = operator+(p1, p2);
	//Person p3 = p1 + p2;

	cout << "p3.m_A= " << p3.m_A << endl;
	cout << "p3.m_B= " << p3.m_B << endl;
}
int main()
{
	test01();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

2、左移运算符重载

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

//左移运算符重载

class Person
{

	friend ostream &  operator<<(ostream &cout, Person &p);
public:
	Person(int a, int b)
	{
		m_A = a;
		m_B = b;
	}
private:

	//利用成员函数重载 左移运算符  p.operator<<(cout) 简化版本 p<<cout
	//不会利用成员函数重载<<运算符，因为无法实现cout 在左侧
	/*void operator<<(cout)
	{

	}*/
	int m_A;
	int m_B;

};

//只能利用全局函数重载左移运算符
ostream &  operator<<(ostream &cout,Person &p)//本质 operator<<(cout,p) 简化cout<<p
{
	cout << "m_A = " << p.m_A<<" " << "m_B=" << p.m_B;
	return cout;
}
void test01()
{
	Person p(10,10);
	/*p.m_A = 10;
	p.m_B = 10;*/

	cout << p<<endl;

}
int main()
{
	test01();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

3、递增运算符重载

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

//重载递增运算符

//自定义整型

class MyInteger
{
	friend ostream &  operator<<(ostream &cout, MyInteger myint);
public:
	MyInteger()
	{
		m_Num = 0;
	}

	//重载前置++运算符，返回引用为了一直对一个数据进行递增操作
	MyInteger& operator++()
	{
		//先进行++运算
		m_Num++;

		//再将自身做返回
		return *this;
	}
	//MyInteger operator++(int) int代表占位参数，可以区分前置和后置递增
	MyInteger operator++(int)
	{
		//先 记录当时结果
		MyInteger temp = *this;
		//后 递增
		m_Num++;
		//最后将记录结果做返回
		return temp;
	}

	//重载后置++运算符

private:
	int m_Num;
};

void test01()
{
	MyInteger myint;
	cout << ++(++myint) << endl;
	cout << myint << endl;
}

void test02()
{
	MyInteger myint;
	cout << myint++ << endl;
	cout << myint << endl;
}
//重载<<运算符
ostream& operator<<(ostream& cout, MyInteger myint)
{
	cout << myint.m_Num;
	return cout;
}
int main()
{

	//test01();
	test02();
	system("pause");

	return 0;
}

4、赋值运算符重载

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

//赋值运算符重载

class Person
{
public:
	Person(int age)
	{
		m_Age=new int(age);

	}

	~Person()
	{
		if (m_Age != NULL)
		{
			delete m_Age;
			m_Age = NULL;
		}
	}

	//重载 赋值运算符
	Person& operator=(Person &p)
	{
		//编译器是提供浅拷贝
		//m_Age =p.m_Age;

		//应该先判断是否有属性在堆区，如果有先释放干净，然后再深拷贝
		if (m_Age != NULL)
		{
			delete m_Age;
			m_Age = NULL;
		}
		m_Age = new int(*p.m_Age);
		return *this;
	}
	int *m_Age;
};

void test01()
{
	Person p1(18);
	Person p2(20);
	Person p3(30);
	p3 = p2 = p1;
	cout << "P1的年龄为：" << *p1.m_Age << endl;
	cout << "P2的年龄为：" << *p2.m_Age << endl;
	cout << "P3的年龄为：" << *p3.m_Age << endl;
}
int main()
{

	test01();
	system("pause");

	return 0;
}

5、关系运算符重载

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;

//重载关系运算符

class  Person
{
public:

	Person(string name, int age)
	{
		m_Name = name;
		m_Age = age;
	}

	//重载 ==号
	bool  operator==(Person &p)
	{
		if (this->m_Name == p.m_Name&&this->m_Age == p.m_Age)
		{
			return true;
		}
		return false;
	}
	bool operator!=(Person &p)
	{
		if (this->m_Name == p.m_Name&&this->m_Age == p.m_Age)
		{
			return false;
		}
		return true;
	}
	string m_Name;
	int m_Age;

};

void test01()
{
	Person p1("Tom", 18);
	Person p2("Tom", 18);
	if (p1 == p2)
	{
		cout << "p1和p2是相等的" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "p1和p2是不相等的" << endl;
	}
}

int main()
{
	test01();
	system("pause");

	return 0;
}

6、函数调用运算符重载

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;

//函数调用运算符重载

//打印输出类
class MyPrint
{
public:
	//重载函数调用运算符
	void operator()(string test)
	{
		cout << test << endl;
	}
};
void MyPrint02(string test)
{
	cout << test << endl;
}

void test01()
{
	MyPrint myPrint;
	myPrint("Hello world");//由于使用起来非常类似于函数调用，因此称为仿函数
	MyPrint02("hello world");
}

//仿函数非常灵活，没有固定写法
//加法类

class MyAdd
{
public:
	int operator()(int num1,int num2)
	{
		return num1 + num2;
	}
};
void test02()
{
	MyAdd myadd;
	int ret = myadd(100, 100);
	cout << "ret= " << ret << endl;

	//匿名函数对象
	cout << MyAdd()(100, 100) << endl;
}
int main()
{
	//test01();
	test02();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}