死锁的例子，以及解决

死锁的产生

1.图示

2.代码演示

线程1

public class Thread1 implements Runnable{
	public Object A_lock;
	public Object B_lock;
	
	public Thread1(Object A_lock,Object B_lock) {
		this.A_lock = A_lock;
		this.B_lock = B_lock;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		synchronized (A_lock) {
			System.out.println("线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "获取了A锁");
			try {
				Thread.sleep(100);
				System.out.println("线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "正在获取B锁中");
				synchronized (B_lock) {
					System.out.println("线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "获取了B锁");
				}
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
}

线程2

public class Thread2 implements Runnable{
	public Object A_lock;
	public Object B_lock;
	
	public Thread2(Object A_lock,Object B_lock) {
		this.A_lock = A_lock;
		this.B_lock = B_lock;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		synchronized (B_lock) {
			System.out.println("线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "获取了B锁");
			System.out.println("线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "正在获取A锁中");
			synchronized (A_lock) {
				System.out.println("线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "获取了A锁");
			}
		}
	}
}

测试

public class test {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		Object A_lock = new Object();
		Object B_lock = new Object();
		
		Thread1 thread1 = new Thread1(A_lock, B_lock);
		Thread2 thread2 = new Thread2(A_lock, B_lock);
		new Thread(thread1,"1").start();
		Thread.sleep(5);
		new Thread(thread2,"2").start();
	}
}

运行结果：

解决死锁

public class Thread1 implements Runnable{
	public Object A_lock;
	public Object B_lock;
	
	public Thread1(Object A_lock,Object B_lock) {
		this.A_lock = A_lock;
		this.B_lock = B_lock;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		synchronized (A_lock) {
			System.out.println("线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "获取了A锁");
			try {
				Thread.sleep(100);
				System.out.println("线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "正在获取B锁中");
				synchronized (B_lock) {
					System.out.println("线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "获取了B锁");
					B_lock.notify();
					System.out.println("线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "唤醒了等待B锁的线程");
				}
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
}

public class Thread2 implements Runnable{
	public Object A_lock;
	public Object B_lock;
	
	public Thread2(Object A_lock,Object B_lock) {
		this.A_lock = A_lock;
		this.B_lock = B_lock;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		synchronized (B_lock) {
			System.out.println("线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "获取了B锁");
			try {
				System.out.println("线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "让出了B锁，等待被唤醒");
				B_lock.wait();
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			System.out.println("线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "正在获取A锁中");
			synchronized (A_lock) {
				System.out.println("线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "获取了A锁");
			}
		}
	}
}

运行结果