C++ UDP协议按包发送文本文件数据

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已于 2023-05-11 22:40:57 修改

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文章标签： udp 网络协议网络 c++

于 2023-05-11 22:39:56 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42416602/article/details/130632170

版权

该代码实现了一个基于UDP的文件传输系统，包括发送端和接收端。发送端使用C++类封装UDP套接字，支持二进制和文本文件的分段发送，接收端则接收并重组文件。数据包结构包含内容名、数据、长度、序列号和结束标志。

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1.开发环境：Win10+Cion

2.文件结构：

发送端：Package.h定义了发送数据的格式及内容，UDPSocket.h和UDPSocket.cpp对UDP发送数据进行了函数封装，man.cpp是程序入口，执行发送数据逻辑。

接收端与之类似。

3.源文件：Package.h

//
// Created by Guangsheng Li on 2023/5/8.
//

#ifndef __PACKAGE_H__
#define __PACKAGE_H__

#include <string.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;


struct DataPackage{
    /**
     * 内容名字　忽略即可
     */
    char contentName[100];

    /**
     * 具体数据,我只是初步定于1400字节，因为考虑到IP的MTU是1500字节
     */
    char data[1400];

    /**
     * 数据长度
     */
    int datasize;

    /**
     * 包序号，排序用的
     */
    int segmentNum;

    /**
     * 是否为最后一个包
     * 不是：　end = 0
     * 是：　end = 1
     */
    int end;

    DataPackage(const char* _contentName, const char* _data, int _size, int _segmentNum, int _end){
        strcpy(contentName, _contentName);
        strcpy(data, _data);
        datasize = _size;
        segmentNum = _segmentNum;
        end = _end;
    }
    DataPackage(){}
    bool operator==(const DataPackage rhs) const{
        //return (this->segmentNum == rhs.segmentNum && this->datasize == rhs.datasize && strlen(this->contentName) == strlen(rhs.contentName) && strncmp(this->contentName, rhs.contentName, sizeof(this->contentName)));
        return (strlen(this->contentName) == strlen(rhs.contentName) && strncmp(this->contentName, rhs.contentName, sizeof(this->contentName)) == 0);
    }

    bool operator < (const DataPackage rhs) const{
        string contentstr1 = this->contentName;
        string contentstr2 = rhs.contentName;
        return contentstr1 < contentstr2;
    }
};
#endif

UDPSocket.h

//
// Created by Guangsheng Li on 2023/5/8.
//

#pragma once
#ifndef UDPSOCKET_H
#define UDPSOCKET_H
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <string>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <iostream>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
using std::string;
class UDPSocket
{
public:
    UDPSocket();
    ~UDPSocket();
    int create(unsigned short port);//绑定端口
    int create();
    int create(string mcastip,int mcastport);
    int sendbuf(char *buf,int buflen,string destip,unsigned short destport);
    int recvbuf(char *buf,int buflen,string &srcip,unsigned short &srcport);
    int Close();
    int sock;
    int m_sock;
};
#endif

UDPSocket.cpp

#include "UDPSocket.h"
#include "Package.h"

#include <unordered_map>
#include <iostream>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

//传输二进制文件的函数
void sendBinFile(){
    string dstip = "162.105.85.198";
    unsigned short dstport = 51002;
    UDPSocket udpsocket;
    udpsocket.create(20022);
    string file1;
    cout << "Please input file name: " << endl;
    cin >> file1;

    ifstream in(file1, ios::binary);
    if(!in){
        cout << "File open error" << endl;
        return;
    }

    int count = 1;
    //需要一直读取到文件结束，注意这里不是按行读取，是按长度读取
    while (!in.eof())
    {
        DataPackage datapackage;
        string contentName = "pku/eecs/file/" + file1 + "/segment" + to_string(count);
        strcpy(datapackage.contentName, contentName.c_str());

        in.read(datapackage.data, 1400);
        //这句话是核心，表示读取的长度．正常情况是１４００，但是最后一次可能小于１４００
        datapackage.datasize = in.gcount();
        cout << datapackage.datasize << endl;
        datapackage.segmentNum = count;
        if(datapackage.datasize != 1400){
            datapackage.end = 1;
        }
        else{
            datapackage.end = 0;
        }
        char sendbuffer[1500];
        memcpy(sendbuffer, &datapackage, sizeof(sendbuffer));
        udpsocket.sendbuf(sendbuffer, sizeof(sendbuffer), dstip, dstport);
        if(datapackage.end == 1){
            break;
        }
        count++;
    }
    udpsocket.Close();
}

//传输文本文件的函数
void sendTextFile(){
//    string dstip = "162.105.85.198";
    string dstip = "127.0.0.1";

    unsigned short dstport = 51002;
    UDPSocket udpsocket;
    udpsocket.create(20021);
    string file1;
    cout << "Please input file name: " << endl;
    cin >> file1;

//    file1="C:\\Users\\Guangsheng Li\\Desktop\\test10\\a.txt";
    string s="C:\\Users\\Guangsheng Li\\Desktop\\test10\\";
    file1=s+file1;
    ifstream in(file1);
    string filename;
    string line;
//    getline(in, line);
//    cout <<"读取的字符串"<< line;
    int count = 1;
    //按行读取
    while (getline (in, line))
    {
        DataPackage datapackage;
        int i;
        for(i = 0; i < line.size(); i++){
            datapackage.data[i] = line[i];
        }
        datapackage.data[i] = '\0';
        string contentName = "pku/eecs/file/" + file1 + "/segment" + to_string(count);
        strcpy(datapackage.contentName, contentName.c_str());
        datapackage.datasize = i + 2;
        datapackage.segmentNum = count;

        //如果已经读到了最后一行，那么加上标志位
        if(in.eof()){
            datapackage.end = 1;
        }
        else{
            datapackage.end = 0;
        }
        char sendbuffer[1500];
        memcpy(sendbuffer, &datapackage, sizeof(sendbuffer));
        udpsocket.sendbuf(sendbuffer, sizeof(sendbuffer), dstip, dstport);
        count++;
    }
    udpsocket.Close();
}

int main(){
    //按照你想测试的函数调用即可
    sendTextFile();
//    sendBinFile();
    return 0;
}

main.cpp

#include "UDPSocket.h"
#include "Package.h"

#include <unordered_map>
#include <iostream>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

//传输二进制文件的函数
void sendBinFile(){
    string dstip = "162.105.85.198";
    unsigned short dstport = 51002;
    UDPSocket udpsocket;
    udpsocket.create(20022);
    string file1;
    cout << "Please input file name: " << endl;
    cin >> file1;

    ifstream in(file1, ios::binary);
    if(!in){
        cout << "File open error" << endl;
        return;
    }

    int count = 1;
    //需要一直读取到文件结束，注意这里不是按行读取，是按长度读取
    while (!in.eof())
    {
        DataPackage datapackage;
        string contentName = "pku/eecs/file/" + file1 + "/segment" + to_string(count);
        strcpy(datapackage.contentName, contentName.c_str());

        in.read(datapackage.data, 1400);
        //这句话是核心，表示读取的长度．正常情况是１４００，但是最后一次可能小于１４００
        datapackage.datasize = in.gcount();
        cout << datapackage.datasize << endl;
        datapackage.segmentNum = count;
        if(datapackage.datasize != 1400){
            datapackage.end = 1;
        }
        else{
            datapackage.end = 0;
        }
        char sendbuffer[1500];
        memcpy(sendbuffer, &datapackage, sizeof(sendbuffer));
        udpsocket.sendbuf(sendbuffer, sizeof(sendbuffer), dstip, dstport);
        if(datapackage.end == 1){
            break;
        }
        count++;
    }
    udpsocket.Close();
}

//传输文本文件的函数
void sendTextFile(){
//    string dstip = "162.105.85.198";
    string dstip = "127.0.0.1";

    unsigned short dstport = 51002;
    UDPSocket udpsocket;
    udpsocket.create(20021);
    string file1;
    cout << "Please input file name: " << endl;
    cin >> file1;

//    file1="C:\\Users\\Guangsheng Li\\Desktop\\test10\\a.txt";
    string s="C:\\Users\\Guangsheng Li\\Desktop\\test10\\";
    file1=s+file1;
    ifstream in(file1);
    string filename;
    string line;
//    getline(in, line);
//    cout <<"读取的字符串"<< line;
    int count = 1;
    //按行读取
    while (getline (in, line))
    {
        DataPackage datapackage;
        int i;
        for(i = 0; i < line.size(); i++){
            datapackage.data[i] = line[i];
        }
        datapackage.data[i] = '\0';
        string contentName = "pku/eecs/file/" + file1 + "/segment" + to_string(count);
        strcpy(datapackage.contentName, contentName.c_str());
        datapackage.datasize = i + 2;
        datapackage.segmentNum = count;

        //如果已经读到了最后一行，那么加上标志位
        if(in.eof()){
            datapackage.end = 1;
        }
        else{
            datapackage.end = 0;
        }
        char sendbuffer[1500];
        memcpy(sendbuffer, &datapackage, sizeof(sendbuffer));
        udpsocket.sendbuf(sendbuffer, sizeof(sendbuffer), dstip, dstport);
        count++;
    }
    udpsocket.Close();
}

int main(){
    //按照你想测试的函数调用即可
    sendTextFile();
//    sendBinFile();
    return 0;
}

4.接收端man.cpp

#include "UDPSocket.h"
#include "Package.h"

#include <unordered_map>
#include <iostream>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;

//接收二进制文件
void receiveBinFile(char* filename){
    ofstream outfile(filename, ios::binary);
    UDPSocket udpsocket;
    udpsocket.create(51002);

    char recvBuf[1500];
    string srcip_;
    unsigned short sport_;
    int lenrecv;
    while (true)
    {
        lenrecv = udpsocket.recvbuf(recvBuf, 1500, srcip_, sport_);
        if(lenrecv < 0){
            cout << "[Error] udpSocket recv error" << endl;
            break;
        }
        DataPackage datapackage;
        memcpy(&datapackage, recvBuf, sizeof(DataPackage));
        outfile.write(datapackage.data, datapackage.datasize);
        //判断是不是最后一个
        if(datapackage.end == 1) break;
    }
    udpsocket.Close();
    outfile.close();
}

//接收文本文件
void receiveTextFile(char* filename){
    ofstream outfile(filename);
    UDPSocket udpsocket;
    udpsocket.create(51002);

    char recvBuf[1500];
    string srcip_;
    unsigned short sport_;
    int lenrecv;
    while (true)
    {
        lenrecv = udpsocket.recvbuf(recvBuf, 1500, srcip_, sport_);
        if(lenrecv < 0){
            cout << "[Error] udpSocket recv error" << endl;
            break;
        }
        DataPackage datapackage;
        memcpy(&datapackage, recvBuf, sizeof(DataPackage));

        outfile << datapackage.data << endl;
        //判断是不是最后一行
        if(datapackage.end == 1) break;
    }
    udpsocket.Close();
    outfile.close();
}

int main(){

    //按需调用，注意传参数为想要保存的文件名称和地址
    receiveTextFile("C:\\Users\\Guangsheng Li\\Desktop\\JIeshou\\b.txt");
//    receiveBinFile("11583.mp3");
    return 0;
}

启动执行发送端和接收端程序后，发送会通过UDP协议把a.txt文件发送过来，接收端将其写入b.txt文件。