JAVA初级(三十三),网络编程Socket基本使用,单向和双向通信

使用Socket实现简单的单向通信

首先如果要实现通信,肯定要有个服务端和客户端。

服务端

  		//指定端口
        int port = 9999;
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
        //监听客户端发送的消息
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        //输入流读取消息
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        byte[] b = new byte[1024];
        int len;
        StringBuilder message = new StringBuilder();
        while ((len=inputStream.read(b))!=-1){
            message.append(new String(b,0,len,"UTF-8"));
        }
        System.out.println(message);
        //关流
        inputStream.close();
        socket.close();
        serverSocket.close();

客户端

 //连接服务器ip地址和对应端口
        String ip = "127.0.0.1";
        int port = 9999;
        Socket socket = new Socket(ip,port);
        //获取输出流发送信息
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        String message = "你好啊";
        outputStream.write(message.getBytes("UTF-8"));
        //关流
        outputStream.close();
        socket.close();

这样一个客户端和服务端就造好了。
接着先运行服务端,在运行客户端。
结果如下所示:在服务端上能收到客户端的消息

制作双向通信

上面的例子中,服务端有输入流用来读取,客户端有输出流用来发送.那么在服务端里面在加入一个输出流,客户端加入一个输入流就能互相的读取和发送消息了.

服务端:

  ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
        int len;
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        while ((len=inputStream.read(bytes)) != -1){
            sb.append(new String(bytes,0,len,"UTF-8"));
        }
        System.out.println("客户端:"+sb);
        //到这开始添加输入流让服务端发送消息
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        String message = sc.nextLine();
        outputStream.write(message.getBytes("UTF-8"));
        socket.close();
        inputStream.close();
        outputStream.close();
        serverSocket.close();

上面添加了输入流来让服务端在接受消息后发送消息
客户端:

        //连接服务器ip地址和对应端口
        String ip = "127.0.0.1";
        int port = 9999;
        Socket socket = new Socket(ip,port);
        //获取输出流发送信息
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        String message = sc.nextLine();
        outputStream.write(message.getBytes("UTF-8"));
        //用这个关流,来通知服务器这边已经写完了
        socket.shutdownOutput();
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        byte[] b = new byte[1024];
        int len;
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        while ((len=inputStream.read(b))!=-1){
            sb.append(new String(b,0,len, "UTF-8"));
        }
         System.out.println(sb);
        //关流
        inputStream .close();
        outputStream.close();
        socket.close();

接着启动服务端和客户端,就可以发送消息了。
结果如下:
客户端:

服务端:

这样服务端和客户端就能简单的互相发送一次消息了。