ubuntu安装Python3.7

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libssl-dev libncurses5-dev libsqlite3-dev 
libreadline-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libdb-dev libpcap-dev xz-utils libexpat1-dev 
liblzma-dev libffi-dev libc6-dev
 

进入目录 cd /usr

下载 Python3.7 wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.1/Python-3.7.1.tgz

解压 tar -xvzf Python-3.7.1.tgz

进入解压目录 cd Python-3.7.1/

建立安装的目录 sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/python3

编译安装
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3  --enable-optimizations
# make
# sudo make install

先执行查看版本，如果有则证明软链接已存在，需要先删去以前的再重新建立

//这里表明我已有python3的软链接而没有pip3的软链接所以需要删除python3的软链接重新建立
jianjiacheng@J-computer:~/Python-3.7.1$ python3 -V
Python 3.5.2

jianjiacheng@J-computer:~$ pip3 -V
bash: /usr/lib/command-not-found: /usr/bin/python3: bad interpreter: No such file or directory

 

报错则
rm -rf /usr/bin/python
rm -rf /usr/bin/pip

重新安装pip
sudo apt-get remove python-pip
sudo apt-get install python-pip python-dev build-essential

建立新的指向python3.7的软链接
#添加python3的软链接
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python
#添加 pip3 的软链接
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3.7 /usr/bin/pip

 

python -m pip install --upgrade pip

报ssl module in Python is not available的错误

1.安装ssl
sudo apt-get install openssl

sudo apt-get install libssl-dev

2. 修改Moudles/Setup  (该目录在python的解压目录下)

vim Modules/Setup
#修改结果如下：
# Socket module helper for socket(2)
_socket socketmodule.c 

# Socket module helper for SSL support; you must comment out the other
# socket line above, and possibly edit the SSL variable:
#SSL=/usr/local/ssl
_ssl _ssl.c \
-DUSE_SSL -I$(SSL)/include -I$(SSL)/include/openssl \
-L$(SSL)/lib -lssl -lcrypto

3.重新安装一次

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python

make

sudo -H make install

4.python3

>>>import ssl  #检测成功！
>>> 

 

 

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named bz2

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_lzma'

下面直接说解决方法了

这里参考了https://blog.csdn.net/u013817676/article/details/97366270

sudo apt-get install libbz2-dev
sudo apt-get install  lzma
sudo apt-get install  liblzma-dev # 最重要的 编译了好几次 没有这个真不行。很老的包了 2012年的
 
#然后cd到你原来安装遗留的python3.7的包 我的在/home/moxiao/tmp/Python-3.7.3
# 然后开始运行一把嗦的的命令  我的安装路径是 /usr/local/python37 # 你们选自己的哦
# 开始一把梭
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python37 --enable-optimizations && make && make install
 
# 然后运行我们的python37
# 输入 import bz2 不报错说明成功了
# 输入 import lzma 不报错说明成功了