9.18任务：标准异常与标准警告总结，try-excpet语句，try-except-finally语句，try-except-else语句，raise语句

try-excpet语句

5.使用except而不注明错误类型，会捕获全部类型。

try:
    f = open('test.txt')
    print(f.read())
    f.close()
except OSError as reason:
    print("打开文件出错:" + str(reason))
except TypeError as reason:
    print("类型错误：" + str(reason))
except ValueError as reason:
    print("数值出错" + str(reason))
#打开文件出错:[Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'test.txt'

注：as 后面自定义变量名储存错误信息

try-except-finally语句

try-except-else语句

raise语句

python使用raise语句抛出一个指定的异常

try:
    raise NameError('Hi There!')#与内有语句无关
except NameError:
    print('An exception flew by!')
#An exception flew by!