前向传播
- 采用的数据集是 MNIST 手写数字图片集,输入节点数为 784,第一层的输出节点数是256,第二层的输出节点数是 128,第三层的输出节点是 10,也就是当前样本属于 10 类别的概率.
import tensorflow as tf
import tensorflow.keras.datasets as datasets
def load_data():
(x, y), (x_val, y_val) = datasets.mnist.load_data()
x = tf.convert_to_tensor(x, dtype=tf.float32) / 255.
y = tf.convert_to_tensor(y, dtype=tf.int32)
y = tf.one_hot(y, depth=10)
x = tf.reshape(x, (-1, 28 * 28))
train_dataset = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((x, y))
train_dataset = train_dataset.batch(200)
return train_dataset
def init_paramaters():
w1 = tf.Variable(tf.random.truncated_normal([784, 256], stddev=0.1))
b1 = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([256]))
w2 = tf.Variable(tf.random.truncated_normal([256, 128], stddev=0.1))
b2 = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([128]))
w3 = tf.Variable(tf.random.truncated_normal([128, 10], stddev=0.1))
b3 = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([10]))
return w1, b1, w2, b2, w3, b3
def train_epoch(epoch, train_dataset, w1, b1, w2, b2, w3, b3, lr=0.001):
for step, (x, y) in enumerate(train_dataset):
with tf.GradientTape() as tape:
h1 = x @ w1 + tf.broadcast_to(b1, (x.shape[0], 256))
h1 = tf.nn.relu(h1)
h2 = h1 @ w2 + b2
h2 = tf.nn.relu(h2)
out = h2 @ w3 + b3
loss = tf.square(y - out)
loss = tf.reduce_mean(loss)
grads = tape.gradient(loss, [w1, b1, w2, b2, w3, b3])
w1.assign_sub(lr * grads[0])
b1.assign_sub(lr * grads[1])
w2.assign_sub(lr * grads[2])
b2.assign_sub(lr * grads[3])
w3.assign_sub(lr * grads[4])
b3.assign_sub(lr * grads[5])
if step % 100 == 0:
print(epoch, step, 'loss:', loss.numpy())
return loss.numpy()
def train(epochs):
losses = []
train_dataset = load_data()
w1, b1, w2, b2, w3, b3 = init_paramaters()
for epoch in range(epochs):
loss = train_epoch(epoch, train_dataset, w1, b1, w2, b2, w3, b3, lr=0.001)
losses.append(loss)
x = [i for i in range(0, epochs)]
if __name__ == '__main__':
train(epochs=20)