openGL编程例子

// GLXBasics.c
// Use GLX to setup OpenGL windows
// Draw eyeballs
// OpenGL SuperBible, 5th Edition
// Nick Haemel

#include <glew.h>
#include <glxew.h>

#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define PI 3.14159265

// Store all system info in one place
typedef struct RenderContextRec
{
GLXContext ctx;
Display *dpy;
Window win;
int nWinWidth;
int nWinHeight;
int nMousePosX;
int nMousePosY;

} RenderContext;

void EarlyInitGLXfnPointers()
{

glGenVertexArraysAPPLE = (void(*)(GLsizei, const GLuint*))glXGetProcAddressARB((GLubyte*)"glGenVertexArrays");
glBindVertexArrayAPPLE = (void(*)(const GLuint))glXGetProcAddressARB((GLubyte*)"glBindVertexArray");
glDeleteVertexArraysAPPLE = (void(*)(GLsizei, const GLuint*))glXGetProcAddressARB((GLubyte*)"glGenVertexArrays");

glXCreateContextAttribsARB = (GLXContext()(Display dpy, GLXFBConfig config, GLXContext share_context, Bool direct, const int attrib_list))glXGetProcAddressARB((GLubyte)“glXCreateContextAttribsARB”);
glXChooseFBConfig = (GLXFBConfig*(*)(Display dpy, int screen, const int attrib_list, int nelements))glXGetProcAddressARB((GLubyte)“glXChooseFBConfig”);
glXGetVisualFromFBConfig = (XVisualInfo()(Display dpy, GLXFBConfig config))glXGetProcAddressARB((GLubyte)“glXGetVisualFromFBConfig”);
}

void CreateWindow(RenderContext *rcx)
{
XSetWindowAttributes winAttribs;
GLint winmask;
GLint nMajorVer = 0;
GLint nMinorVer = 0;
XVisualInfo *visualInfo;
GLXFBConfig *fbConfigs;
int numConfigs = 0;
static int fbAttribs[] = {
GLX_RENDER_TYPE, GLX_RGBA_BIT,
GLX_X_RENDERABLE, True,
GLX_DRAWABLE_TYPE, GLX_WINDOW_BIT,
GLX_DOUBLEBUFFER, True,
GLX_RED_SIZE, 8,
GLX_BLUE_SIZE, 8,
GLX_GREEN_SIZE, 8,
0 };

EarlyInitGLXfnPointers();

// Tell X we are going to use the display
rcx->dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL);

// Get Version info
glXQueryVersion(rcx->dpy, &nMajorVer, &nMinorVer);
printf("Supported GLX version - %d.%d\n", nMajorVer, nMinorVer);   

if(nMajorVer == 1 && nMinorVer < 2)
{
    printf("ERROR: GLX 1.2 or greater is necessary\n");
    XCloseDisplay(rcx->dpy);
    exit(0);
}
// Get a new fb config that meets our attrib requirements
fbConfigs = glXChooseFBConfig(rcx->dpy, DefaultScreen(rcx->dpy), fbAttribs, &numConfigs);
visualInfo = glXGetVisualFromFBConfig(rcx->dpy, fbConfigs[0]);

// Now create an X window
winAttribs.event_mask = ExposureMask | VisibilityChangeMask | 
                        KeyPressMask | PointerMotionMask    |
                        StructureNotifyMask ;

winAttribs.border_pixel = 0;
winAttribs.bit_gravity = StaticGravity;
winAttribs.colormap = XCreateColormap(rcx->dpy, 
                                      RootWindow(rcx->dpy, visualInfo->screen), 
                                      visualInfo->visual, AllocNone);
winmask = CWBorderPixel | CWBitGravity | CWEventMask| CWColormap;

rcx->win = XCreateWindow(rcx->dpy, DefaultRootWindow(rcx->dpy), 20, 20,
             rcx->nWinWidth, rcx->nWinHeight, 0, 
                         visualInfo->depth, InputOutput,
             visualInfo->visual, winmask, &winAttribs);

XMapWindow(rcx->dpy, rcx->win);

// Also create a new GL context for rendering
GLint attribs[] = {
  GLX_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION_ARB, 3,
  GLX_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION_ARB, 2,
  0 };
rcx->ctx = glXCreateContextAttribsARB(rcx->dpy, fbConfigs[0], 0, True, attribs);
glXMakeCurrent(rcx->dpy, rcx->win, rcx->ctx);

GLenum err = glewInit();
if (GLEW_OK != err)
{
    /* Problem: glewInit failed, something is seriously wrong. */
    fprintf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", glewGetErrorString(err));
} 

const GLubyte *s = glGetString(GL_VERSION);
printf("GL Version = %s\n", s);

}

void SetupGLState(RenderContext *rcx)
{
float aspectRatio = rcx->nWinHeight ? (float)rcx->nWinWidth/(float)rcx->nWinHeight : 1.0f;
float fYTop = 0.05f;
float fYBottom = - fYTop;
float fXLeft = fYTop * aspectRatio;
float fXRight = fYBottom * aspectRatio;

glViewport(0,0,rcx->nWinWidth,rcx->nWinHeight);
glScissor(0,0,rcx->nWinWidth,rcx->nWinHeight);

glClearColor(0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

// Clear matrix stack
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
    
// Set the frustrum
glFrustum(fXLeft, fXRight, fYBottom, fYTop, 0.1f, 100.f);

}

void DrawCircle()
{
float fx = 0.0;
float fy = 0.0;

int nDegrees = 0;

// Use a triangle fan with 36 tris for the circle
glBegin(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN);
  glVertex2f(0.0, 0.0);
  for(nDegrees = 0; nDegrees < 360; nDegrees+=10)
  {
      fx = sin((float)nDegrees*PI/180);
      fy = cos((float)nDegrees*PI/180);
      glVertex2f(fx, fy);
  }
  glVertex2f(0.0f, 1.0f);
glEnd();

}

void Draw(RenderContext *rcx)
{
float fRightX = 0.0;
float fRightY = 0.0;
float fLeftX = 0.0;
float fLeftY = 0.0;

int nLtEyePosX = (rcx->nWinWidth)/2 - (0.3 * ((rcx->nWinWidth)/2));
int nLtEyePosY = (rcx->nWinHeight)/2;
int nRtEyePosX = (rcx->nWinWidth)/2 + (0.3 * ((rcx->nWinWidth)/2));
int nRtEyePosY = (rcx->nWinHeight)/2;

double fLtVecMag = 100;
double fRtVecMag = 100;

// Use the eyeball width as the minimum
double fMinLength =  (0.1 * ((rcx->nWinWidth)/2));

// Calculate the length of the vector from the eyeball
// to the mouse pointer
fLtVecMag = sqrt( pow((double)(rcx->nMousePosX - nLtEyePosX), 2.0) + 
                  pow((double)(rcx->nMousePosY - nLtEyePosY), 2.0));

fRtVecMag =  sqrt( pow((double)(rcx->nMousePosX - nRtEyePosX), 2.0) + 
                  pow((double)(rcx->nMousePosY - nRtEyePosY), 2.0));

// Clamp the minimum magnatude
if (fRtVecMag < fMinLength)
  fRtVecMag = fMinLength;
if (fLtVecMag < fMinLength)
  fLtVecMag = fMinLength;

// Normalize the vector components
fLeftX = (float)(rcx->nMousePosX - nLtEyePosX) / fLtVecMag;
fLeftY = -1.0 * (float)(rcx->nMousePosY - nLtEyePosY) / fLtVecMag;
fRightX = (float)(rcx->nMousePosX - nRtEyePosX) / fRtVecMag;
fRightY = -1.0 * ((float)(rcx->nMousePosY - nRtEyePosY) / fRtVecMag);

glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

 // Clear matrix stack
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();

glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();

// Draw left eyeball
glColor3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
glScalef(0.20, 0.20, 1.0);
glTranslatef(-1.5, 0.0, 0.0);
DrawCircle();

// Draw black
glColor3f(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
glScalef(0.40, 0.40, 1.0);
glTranslatef(fLeftX, fLeftY, 0.0);
DrawCircle();

// Draw right eyeball
glColor3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
glLoadIdentity();
glScalef(0.20, 0.20, 1.0);
glTranslatef(1.5, 0.0, 0.0);
DrawCircle();

// Draw black
glColor3f(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
glScalef(0.40, 0.40, 1.0);
glTranslatef(fRightX, fRightY, 0.0);
DrawCircle();

// Clear matrix stack
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();

// Draw Nose
glColor3f(0.5, 0.0, 0.7);
glScalef(0.20, 0.20, 1.0);
glTranslatef(0.0, -1.5, 0.0);

glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);
  glVertex2f(0.0, 1.0);
  glVertex2f(-0.5, -1.0);
  glVertex2f(0.5, -1.0);
glEnd();

// Display rendering
glXSwapBuffers(rcx->dpy, rcx->win);    

}

void Cleanup(RenderContext *rcx)
{
// Unbind the context before deleting
glXMakeCurrent(rcx->dpy, None, NULL);

glXDestroyContext(rcx->dpy, rcx->ctx);
rcx->ctx = NULL;

XDestroyWindow(rcx->dpy, rcx->win);
rcx->win = (Window)NULL;

XCloseDisplay(rcx->dpy);
rcx->dpy = 0;

}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
Bool bWinMapped = False;
RenderContext rcx;

// Set initial window size
rcx.nWinWidth = 400;
rcx.nWinHeight = 200;

// Set initial mouse position
rcx.nMousePosX = 0;
rcx.nMousePosY = 0;

// Setup X window and GLX context
CreateWindow(&rcx);
SetupGLState(&rcx);

// Draw the first frame before checking for messages
Draw(&rcx);

// Execute loop the whole time the app runs
for(;;)
{
    XEvent newEvent;
    XWindowAttributes winData;

    // Watch for new X events
    XNextEvent(rcx.dpy, &newEvent);

    switch(newEvent.type)
    {
    case UnmapNotify:
    bWinMapped = False;
    break;
    case MapNotify :
    bWinMapped = True;
    case ConfigureNotify:
    XGetWindowAttributes(rcx.dpy, rcx.win, &winData);
    rcx.nWinHeight = winData.height;
    rcx.nWinWidth = winData.width;
    SetupGLState(&rcx);
    break;
    case MotionNotify:
    rcx.nMousePosX = newEvent.xmotion.x;
    rcx.nMousePosY = newEvent.xmotion.y;
    Draw(&rcx);
    break;
    case KeyPress:
    case DestroyNotify:
    Cleanup(&rcx);
    exit(0);
    break;
    }

    if(bWinMapped)
    {
        Draw(&rcx);
    }
}

Cleanup(&rcx);

return 0;

}