题意翻译
一个n面的骰子,求期望掷几次能使得每一面都被掷到。(所以说底下那么长的英文有什么用)
题目描述
BuggyD loves to carry his favorite die around. Perhaps you wonder why it's his favorite? Well, his die is magical and can be transformed into an N-sided unbiased die with the push of a button. Now BuggyD wants to learn more about his die, so he raises a question:
What is the expected number of throws of his die while it has N sides so that each number is rolled at least once?
输入输出格式
输入格式:
The first line of the input contains an integer t, the number of test cases. t test cases follow.
Each test case consists of a single line containing a single integer N (1 <= N <= 1000) - the number of sides on BuggyD's die.
输出格式:
For each test case, print one line containing the expected number of times BuggyD needs to throw his N-sided die so that each number appears at least once. The expected number must be accurate to 2 decimal digits.
输入输出样例
输入样例#1:
2 1 12
输出样例#1:
1.00 37.24
f [ i ]表示还剩i个面能把骰子的n面全扔一遍
对于扔一次骰子,有(n - i)/n能扔到剩下的面,有扔到之前扔过的面
f [ i ] = f [i + 1] * (( n - i ) / n ) + ( i / n) * f [ i ] + 1;
化简可得到f[i] = f [i + 1] + n/(n - i);(把f[ i ]挪到等式的一侧就可以了)
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
int T;
double f[1003];
int main()
{
scanf("%d",&T);
while(T--)
{
int n;
scanf("%d",&n);
memset(f,0,sizeof(f));
f[n] = 0;
for(int i = n - 1;i >= 0;i--)
{
f[i] = f[i + 1] + n/(n - (double)i);
}
printf("%.2lf\n",f[0]);
}
return 0;
}