c++ STL list构造及常用方法

#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <iterator>

using namespace std;

bool fun(int a)
{
    return a>5;
}

int main()
{
    //  构造
    list<int> l1 = {1,2,3,4,5};
    list<int> l2 {1,2,3,4,5};
    list<int> l3 (10,2);
    list<int> l4 (10);
    list<int> l5 (l1.begin()++,l1.end()--);     //不能+或-固定值  !!!!! 因为链表无法所以索引

    //  空间   对比vector  因为是链式的，动态分配空间，不存在 已分配空间(capacity)这个熟悉
    l1.size();
    //l1.capacity();
    l1.empty();
    l1.max_size();
    // l1.reserve();
    cout << "resize前：" << endl;
    for(auto tmp=l1.begin(); tmp!=l1.end(); tmp++ )
        cout << *tmp << ",";
    cout << endl;
    l1.resize(10);                  //自动用0填充
    cout << "resize后：" << endl;
    for(auto tmp=l1.begin(); tmp!=l1.end(); tmp++ )
        cout << *tmp << ",";
    cout << endl;

    // iterator  begin,end  *  reverse   const  cr   8个迭代器
    list<int>::const_iterator it1 = l1.cbegin();
    list<int>::reverse_iterator it2 = l1.rbegin();
    list<int>::const_reverse_iterator it3 = l1.crbegin();

    //  常规操作
    l1.push_back(222);
    l1.push_front(333);
    l1.pop_back();
    l1.pop_front();

    l1.emplace_back(222);
    l1.emplace_front(333);
    l1.pop_back();
    l1.pop_front();


    cout << "++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n";
    //  取值   没有at()
    l1.front();
    l1.back();

    //  删除
    l1.erase(l1.begin());
    l1.clear();

    //  赋值
    l1.assign(4, 0);
    l1.assign(++l2.begin(), ++l2.end());

    l1.swap(l2);

    cout << "++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n";
    //  insert  可用emplace替换
    l2 = {222,333,444,555};
    l1.insert(l1.begin(), 5);       //插入元素 5;
    l1.insert(l1.begin(), l2.begin()++, l2.end()--);  //前插 [)

    //  以下list 有  vector没有
    l1 = {3,4,7,8,3,4,0,5,3,6};
    l1.sort();
    for(auto tmp=l1.begin(); tmp!=l1.end(); tmp++ )
        cout << *tmp << ",";
    cout << endl;

    cout << "merge: 合并" << endl;
    l2 = {33,44,55,66};
    l1.merge(l2);       //将l2合并到l1中  若l1,l2都有序， 合并后还是有序
    for(auto tmp=l1.begin(); tmp!=l1.end(); tmp++ )
        cout << *tmp << ",";
    cout << endl;

    l1.remove(3);       //按值删除
    for(auto tmp=l1.begin(); tmp!=l1.end(); tmp++ )
        cout << *tmp << ",";
    cout << endl;

    l1 = {1,2,3,3,3,3,4,5,3,9};
    l1.unique();
    for(auto tmp=l1.begin(); tmp!=l1.end(); tmp++ )   //1,2,3,4,5,3,9, 只能去连续的重复元素
        cout << *tmp << ",";
    cout << endl;

    //  插入  功能同vector中insert()
    l1.splice(l1.begin(), l2, l2.begin(), l2.end());
    l1.splice(l1.begin(), l2);

    l1 = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8};
    l2 = {11,22,33,44};
    l1.splice(l1.begin(), l2, --l2.end());          //插入l2序列中 --l2.end()指向的元素（1个）
    for(auto tmp=l1.begin(); tmp!=l1.end(); tmp++ )
        cout << *tmp << ",";        //    44,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,
    cout << endl;

    l1 = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8};
    l1.remove_if(fun);
    for(auto tmp=l1.begin(); tmp!=l1.end(); tmp++ )
        cout << *tmp << ",";        //    1,2,3,4,5,
    cout << endl;

    return 0;

}