实验内容:利用中国东部地区地面自动站降水观测资料,通过插值得到某日降水量等经纬度网格(0.03°*0.03°)数据,并采用颜色映射、等值线进行可视化。
实验要求:程度1:采用两种插值方式,使用viridis颜色图进行颜色映射
程度2:采用两种插值方式,使用24小时降雨等级色标进行颜色映射
程度3:使用24小时降雨等级色标进行颜色映射,叠加地图显示
程度4:使用带颜色的等值线,并且添加图例,叠加地图显示
使用数据:aws_201806300000.txt —— aws_201806302350.txt
使用库:Matplotlib、NumPy、netCDF4、Cartopy、scipy
程度1:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import netCDF4 as nc
import numpy as np
import cartopy.mpl.ticker as cmt
import cartopy.crs as ccrs
import matplotlib.path as mpath
import cartopy.feature as cfeature
from cartopy.util import add_cyclic_point
from cartopy.mpl.ticker import (LongitudeFormatter, LatitudeFormatter)
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.ticker as mticker
from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap
import cartopy.io.shapereader as shapereader
from cartopy.mpl.gridliner import LONGITUDE_FORMATTER, LATITUDE_FORMATTER
from scipy.interpolate import interp1d
from scipy.interpolate import LinearNDInterpolator
from scipy.interpolate import griddata
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']= ['Microsoft YaHei'] # 设置“微软雅黑”,图上显示出中文
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False # 设置中文后,解决坐标轴上负号显示问题
h=['00','01','02','03','04','05','06','07','08','09','10','11','12','13','14','15','16','17','18','19','20','21','22','23']
def cc(j):
f=open('20180630/aws_20180630'+j+'00.txt','r')
lines = f.readlines()
lat = []
lon = []
V = []
for i in lines:
a=i.split()
V.append(eval(a[3]))
lat.append(float(a[1]))
lon.append(float(a[2]))
V=np.array(V)
X = np.arange(min(lon), max(lon),0.03)
Y = np.arange(min(lat), max(lat),0.03)
X, Y = np.meshgrid(X, Y)
rain1 = griddata((lon,lat), V,(X,Y), method='linear')
rain2 = griddata((lon,lat), V,(X,Y), method='cubic')
for p in range(len(rain2)):
for q in range(len(rain2[0])):
if rain2[p][q]<0:
rain2[p][q]=0
return X,Y,rain1,rain2
X1,Y1,Z1,Z2=cc(h[0])
for a in h[1:]:
X,Y,Z3,Z4=cc(a)
Z1+=Z3
Z2+=Z4
fig = plt.figure(figsize=[16,8])
ax = plt.subplot(121)
for p in range(len(Z1)):
for q in range(len(Z1[0])):
if Z2[p][q]>250:
Z2[p][q]=250
levels=[0.0,0.1,10.0,25.0,50.0,100.0,250.0]
ec=ax.pcolormesh(X, Y, Z1)
cb=fig.colorbar(ec)
ax2 = cb.ax
ax2.set_ylim(0,250)
ax2.set_yticks([0,50,100,150,200,250])
ax.axis("equal")
ax.set_xlim([112,123])
ax.set_xticks([112,114,116,118,120,122])
ax.set_ylim([21.5,36])
ax.set_yticks([22,24,26,28,30,32,34,36])
plt.title("三角线性插值")
ax = plt.subplot(122)
for p in range(len(Z2)):
for q in range(len(Z2[0])):
if Z2[p][q]>250:
Z2[p][q]=250
ec=ax.pcolormesh(X, Y, Z2)
cb=fig.colorbar(ec)
ax2 = cb.ax
ax2.set_ylim(0,250)
ax2.set_yticks([0,50,100,150,200,250])
ax.axis("equal")
ax.set_xlim([112,123])
ax.set_xticks([112,114,116,118,120,122])
ax.set_ylim([21.5,36])
ax.set_yticks([22,24,26,28,30,32,34,36])
plt.title("三次多项式插值")
plt.savefig("程度1.png",dpi=800)
plt.show()
程度2:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import netCDF4 as nc
import numpy as np
import cartopy.mpl.ticker as cmt
import cartopy.crs as ccrs
import matplotlib.path as mpath
import cartopy.feature as cfeature
from cartopy.util import add_cyclic_point
from cartopy.mpl.ticker import (LongitudeFormatter, LatitudeFormatter)
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.ticker as mticker
from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap
import cartopy.io.shapereader as shapereader
from cartopy.mpl.gridliner import LONGITUDE_FORMATTER, LATITUDE_FORMATTER
from scipy.interpolate import interp1d
from scipy.interpolate import LinearNDInterpolator
from scipy.interpolate import griddata
from matplotlib import colors
import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']= ['Microsoft YaHei'] # 设置“微软雅黑”,图上显示出中文
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False # 设置中文后,解决坐标轴上负号显示问题
h=['00','01','02','03','04','05','06','07','08','09','10','11','12','13','14','15','16','17','18','19','20','21','22','23']
color_list=['#FFFFFF00','#a6f28e','#3dba3d','#61b8ff','#0000e1','#fa00fa']
def cc(j):
f=open('20180630/aws_20180630'+j+'00.txt','r')
lines = f.readlines()
lat = []
lon = []
V = []
for i in lines:
a=i.split()
V.append(eval(a[3]))
lat.append(float(a[1]))
lon.append(float(a[2]))
V=np.array(V)
X = np.arange(min(lon), max(lon),0.03)
Y = np.arange(min(lat), max(lat),0.03)
X, Y = np.meshgrid(X, Y)
rain1 = griddata((lon,lat), V,(X,Y), method='linear')
rain2 = griddata((lon,lat), V,(X,Y), method='cubic')
for p in range(len(rain2)):
for q in range(len(rain2[0])):
if rain2[p][q]<0:
rain2[p][q]=0
return X,Y,rain1,rain2
X1,Y1,Z1,Z2=cc(h[0])
for a in h[1:]:
X,Y,Z3,Z4=cc(a)
Z1+=Z3
Z2+=Z4
fig = plt.figure(figsize=[16,8])
ax = plt.subplot(121)
for p in range(len(Z1)):
for q in range(len(Z1[0])):
if Z1[p][q]>250:
Z1[p][q]=250
##
levels=[0.0,0.1,10.0,25.0,50.0,100.0,250.0]
cmap=mcolors.ListedColormap(color_list)
cmap.set_over('#800040')
norm = mcolors.BoundaryNorm(levels, cmap.N)
ec=ax.pcolormesh(X, Y, Z1,norm=norm,cmap=cmap)
cb=fig.colorbar(ec,extend='max')
ax2 = cb.ax
ax2.set_ylim(0,250)
ax2.set_yticks([0,0.1,10,25,50,100,250])
##
ax.axis("equal")
ax.set_xlim([112,123])
ax.set_xticks([112,114,116,118,120,122])
ax.set_ylim([21.5,36])
ax.set_yticks([22,24,26,28,30,32,34,36])
plt.title('三角线性插值')
ax = plt.subplot(122)
for p in range(len(Z2)):
for q in range(len(Z2[0])):
if Z2[p][q]>250:
Z2[p][q]=250
levels=[0.0,0.1,10.0,25.0,50.0,100.0,250.0]
cmap=mcolors.ListedColormap(color_list)
cmap.set_over('#800040')
norm = mcolors.BoundaryNorm(levels, cmap.N)
ec=ax.pcolormesh(X, Y, Z2,norm=norm,cmap=cmap)
cb=fig.colorbar(ec,extend='max')
ax2 = cb.ax
ax2.set_ylim(0,250)
ax2.set_yticks([0,0.1,10,25,50,100,250])
ax.axis("equal")
ax.set_xlim([112,123])
ax.set_xticks([112,114,116,118,120,122])
ax.set_ylim([21.5,36])
ax.set_yticks([22,24,26,28,30,32,34,36])
plt.title('三次多项式插值')
plt.savefig("程度2.png",dpi=800)
plt.show()
程度3:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import netCDF4 as nc
import numpy as np
import cartopy.mpl.ticker as cmt
import cartopy.crs as ccrs
import matplotlib.path as mpath
import cartopy.feature as cfeature
from cartopy.util import add_cyclic_point
from cartopy.mpl.ticker import (LongitudeFormatter, LatitudeFormatter)
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.ticker as mticker
from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap
import cartopy.io.shapereader as shapereader
from cartopy.mpl.gridliner import LONGITUDE_FORMATTER, LATITUDE_FORMATTER
from scipy.interpolate import interp1d
from scipy.interpolate import LinearNDInterpolator
from scipy.interpolate import griddata
from matplotlib import colors
import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']= ['Microsoft YaHei'] # 设置“微软雅黑”,图上显示出中文
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False # 设置中文后,解决坐标轴上负号显示问题
h=['00','01','02','03','04','05','06','07','08','09','10','11','12','13','14','15','16','17','18','19','20','21','22','23']
color_list=['#FFFFFF00','#a6f28e','#3dba3d','#61b8ff','#0000e1','#fa00fa']
def cc(j):
f=open('20180630/aws_20180630'+j+'00.txt','r')
lines = f.readlines()
lat = []
lon = []
V = []
for i in lines:
a=i.split()
V.append(eval(a[3]))
lat.append(float(a[1]))
lon.append(float(a[2]))
V=np.array(V)
X = np.arange(min(lon), max(lon),0.03)
Y = np.arange(min(lat), max(lat),0.03)
X, Y = np.meshgrid(X, Y)
rain1 = griddata((lon,lat), V,(X,Y), method='linear')
rain2 = griddata((lon,lat), V,(X,Y), method='cubic')
for p in range(len(rain2)):
for q in range(len(rain2[0])):
if rain2[p][q]<0:
rain2[p][q]=0
return X,Y,rain1,rain2
X1,Y1,Z1,Z2=cc(h[0])
for a in h[1:]:
X,Y,Z3,Z4=cc(a)
Z1+=Z3
Z2+=Z4
fig = plt.figure(figsize=[16,8])
##001
ax = plt.subplot(121,projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())
for p in range(len(Z1)):
for q in range(len(Z1[0])):
if Z1[p][q]>250:
Z1[p][q]=250
##
levels=[0.0,0.1,10.0,25.0,50.0,100.0,250.0]
cmap=mcolors.ListedColormap(color_list)
cmap.set_over('#800040')
norm = mcolors.BoundaryNorm(levels, cmap.N)
ec=ax.pcolormesh(X, Y, Z1,norm=norm,cmap=cmap,transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax.set_extent([112,123,21.5,34],crs=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax.set_xticks([112,114,116,118,120,122])#指定要显示的经纬度
ax.set_yticks([22,24,26,28,30,32,34,36])
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(LongitudeFormatter())#刻度格式转换为经纬度样式
ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter(LatitudeFormatter())
cb=fig.colorbar(ec,extend='max')
ax2 = cb.ax
ax2.set_ylim(0,250)
ax2.set_yticks([0,0.1,10,25,50,100,250])
##
'''
ax.set_xlim([112,123])
ax.set_xticks([112,114,116,118,120,122])
ax.set_ylim([21.5,36])
ax.set_yticks([22,24,26,28,30,32,34,36])
'''
#添加地理信息
ax.add_feature(cfeature.LAND,color='#D3D3D3')
ax.add_feature(cfeature.COASTLINE)
ax.add_feature(cfeature.OCEAN)
ax.add_feature(cfeature.RIVERS)
ax.add_feature(cfeature.LAKES)
plt.title('三角线性插值')
##002
ax = plt.subplot(122,projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())
for p in range(len(Z2)):
for q in range(len(Z2[0])):
if Z2[p][q]>250:
Z2[p][q]=250
levels=[0.0,0.1,10.0,25.0,50.0,100.0,250.0]
cmap=mcolors.ListedColormap(color_list)
cmap.set_over('#800040')
norm = mcolors.BoundaryNorm(levels, cmap.N)
ec=ax.pcolormesh(X, Y, Z2,norm=norm,cmap=cmap,transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax.set_extent([112,123,21.5,34],crs=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax.set_xticks([112,114,116,118,120,122])#指定要显示的经纬度
ax.set_yticks([22,24,26,28,30,32,34,36])
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(LongitudeFormatter())#刻度格式转换为经纬度样式
ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter(LatitudeFormatter())
cb=fig.colorbar(ec,extend='max')
ax2 = cb.ax
ax2.set_ylim(0,250)
ax2.set_yticks([0,0.1,10,25,50,100,250])
'''
ax.set_xlim([112,123])
ax.set_xticks([112,114,116,118,120,122])
ax.set_ylim([21.5,36])
ax.set_yticks([22,24,26,28,30,32,34,36])
'''
plt.title('三次多项式插值')
#添加地理信息
ax.add_feature(cfeature.LAND,color='#D3D3D3')
ax.add_feature(cfeature.COASTLINE)
ax.add_feature(cfeature.OCEAN)
ax.add_feature(cfeature.RIVERS)
ax.add_feature(cfeature.LAKES)
plt.savefig("程度3.png",dpi=800)
plt.show()
程度4:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import netCDF4 as nc
import numpy as np
import cartopy.mpl.ticker as cmt
import cartopy.crs as ccrs
import matplotlib.path as mpath
import cartopy.feature as cfeature
from cartopy.util import add_cyclic_point
from cartopy.mpl.ticker import (LongitudeFormatter, LatitudeFormatter)
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.ticker as mticker
from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap
import cartopy.io.shapereader as shapereader
from cartopy.mpl.gridliner import LONGITUDE_FORMATTER, LATITUDE_FORMATTER
from scipy.interpolate import interp1d
from scipy.interpolate import LinearNDInterpolator
from scipy.interpolate import griddata
from matplotlib import colors
import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']= ['Microsoft YaHei'] # 设置“微软雅黑”,图上显示出中文
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False # 设置中文后,解决坐标轴上负号显示问题
h=['00','01','02','03','04','05','06','07','08','09','10','11','12','13','14','15','16','17','18','19','20','21','22','23']
color_list=['#FFFFFF00','#a6f28e','#3dba3d','#61b8ff','#0000e1','#fa00fa']
labels=['0.1mm','10mm','25mm','50mm','100mm','250mm']
color2=['#FFFFFF00','#a6f28e','#3dba3d','#61b8ff','#0000e1','#fa00fa','#800040']
def cc(j):
f=open('20180630/aws_20180630'+j+'00.txt','r')
lines = f.readlines()
lat = []
lon = []
V = []
for i in lines:
a=i.split()
V.append(eval(a[3]))
lat.append(float(a[1]))
lon.append(float(a[2]))
V=np.array(V)
X = np.arange(min(lon), max(lon),0.03)
Y = np.arange(min(lat), max(lat),0.03)
X, Y = np.meshgrid(X, Y)
rain1 = griddata((lon,lat), V,(X,Y), method='linear')
rain2 = griddata((lon,lat), V,(X,Y), method='cubic')
for p in range(len(rain2)):
for q in range(len(rain2[0])):
if rain2[p][q]<0:
rain2[p][q]=0
return X,Y,rain1,rain2
X1,Y1,Z1,Z2=cc(h[0])
for a in h[1:]:
X,Y,Z3,Z4=cc(a)
Z1+=Z3
Z2+=Z4
fig = plt.figure(figsize=[16,8])
##001
ax = plt.subplot(121,projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())
for p in range(len(Z1)):
for q in range(len(Z1[0])):
if Z1[p][q]>250:
Z1[p][q]=250
##
levels=[0.0,0.1,10.0,25.0,50.0,100.0,250.0]
cmap=mcolors.ListedColormap(color_list)
cmap.set_over('#800040')
norm = mcolors.BoundaryNorm(levels, cmap.N)
ec=ax.contour(X, Y, Z1,levels=levels,norm=norm,cmap=cmap,transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax.set_extent([112,123,21.5,34],crs=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax.set_xticks([112,114,116,118,120,122])#指定要显示的经纬度
ax.set_yticks([22,24,26,28,30,32,34,36])
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(LongitudeFormatter())#刻度格式转换为经纬度样式
ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter(LatitudeFormatter())
#添加地理信息
ax.add_feature(cfeature.LAND,color='#D3D3D3')
ax.add_feature(cfeature.COASTLINE)
ax.add_feature(cfeature.OCEAN)
ax.add_feature(cfeature.RIVERS)
ax.add_feature(cfeature.LAKES)
x=[361,362]
y=[91,92]
for i in range(len(labels)):
plt.plot(x,y,color=color2[i+1],label=labels[i])
plt.legend()
plt.title('三角线性插值')
##002
ax = plt.subplot(122,projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())
for p in range(len(Z2)):
for q in range(len(Z2[0])):
if Z2[p][q]>250:
Z2[p][q]=250
levels=[0.0,0.1,10.0,25.0,50.0,100.0,250.0]
cmap=mcolors.ListedColormap(color_list)
cmap.set_over('#800040')
norm = mcolors.BoundaryNorm(levels, cmap.N)
ec=ax.contour(X, Y, Z2,levels=levels,norm=norm,cmap=cmap,transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax.set_extent([112,123,21.5,34],crs=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax.set_xticks([112,114,116,118,120,122])#指定要显示的经纬度
ax.set_yticks([22,24,26,28,30,32,34,36])
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(LongitudeFormatter())#刻度格式转换为经纬度样式
ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter(LatitudeFormatter())
#添加地理信息
ax.add_feature(cfeature.LAND,color='#D3D3D3')
ax.add_feature(cfeature.COASTLINE)
ax.add_feature(cfeature.OCEAN)
ax.add_feature(cfeature.RIVERS)
ax.add_feature(cfeature.LAKES)
x=[361,362]
y=[91,92]
for i in range(len(labels)):
plt.plot(x,y,color=color2[i+1],label=labels[i])
plt.legend()
plt.title('三次多项式插值')
plt.savefig("程度4.png",dpi=800)
plt.show()