【详解】Java多线程之worker设计模式

分析

Master-Worker模式是常用的并行设计模式。核心思想是，系统由两个角色组成，Master和Worker

• Master负责接收和分配任务
• Worker负责处理子任务
• 任务处理过程中，Master还负责监督任务进展和Worker的健康状态；Master将接收Client提交的任务，并将任务的进展汇总反馈给Client。

基本框架

• 主要需要设计一个队列，开启多个线程
• 然后任务就按照队列的先后顺序放在上面
• 多个线程也按照先后顺序执行

public class Channel {
    private final static int MAX_REQUEST = 100;

    //流水线
    private final Request[] requests;

    private int head;
    private int tail;
    private int count;

    //工人
    private final WorkerThread[] workerPool;

    public Channel(int workers) {
        this.requests = new Request[MAX_REQUEST];
        this.head = 0;
        this.tail = 0;
        this.count = 0;
        this.workerPool = new WorkerThread[workers];
        this.init();
    }

    private void init() {
        for (int i = 0; i < workerPool.length; i++) {
            workerPool[i] = new WorkerThread("worker" + i, this);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 相当于启动流水线
     */
    public void startWorker() {
        Arrays.asList(workerPool).forEach(WorkerThread::start);
    }

    /**
     * 放任务
     * @param request
     * @throws InterruptedException
     */
    public synchronized void put(Request request) throws InterruptedException {
        while (count >= requests.length) {
            this.wait();
        }
        this.requests[tail] = request;
        this.tail = (tail + 1) % requests.length;
        this.count++;
        this.notifyAll();
    }


    /**
     * 拿任务
     * @return
     * @throws InterruptedException
     */
    public synchronized Request take() throws InterruptedException {
        while (count<=0){
            this.wait();
        }
        Request request = this.requests[head];
        this.head = (this.head+1) % this.requests.length;
        this.count--;
        this.notifyAll();
        return request;
    }

}

测试

/**
 * 负责放任务
 */
public class TransprotThread extends Thread{
    private final Channel channel;

    private int i=0;

    private static final Random random = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());

    public TransprotThread(String name,Channel channel) {
        super(name);
        this.channel = channel;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (!this.isInterrupted())
        try {
            Request request = new Request(getName(), i);
            this.channel.put(request);
            Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(1000));
            i++;
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            System.out.println(getName() + " closing");
            break;
        }
    }
}

public class WorkerThread extends Thread{
    private final Channel channel;

    private static final Random RANDOM = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());

    public WorkerThread(String s, Channel channel) {
        super(s);
        this.channel = channel;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (!this.isInterrupted()){
            try {
                channel.take().execute();
                Thread.sleep(RANDOM.nextInt(1000));
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                System.out.println(getName() + " closing");
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}

public class Request {
    private final String name;
    private final int num;

    public Request(String name, int num) {
        this.name = name;
        this.num = num;
    }

    public void execute(){
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ " execute " + this);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Request{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", num=" + num +
                '}';
    }
}

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        final Channel channel = new Channel(5);
        channel.startWorker();

        new TransprotThread("Alex",channel).start();
        new TransprotThread("Jack",channel).start();
        new TransprotThread("William",channel).start();


        Thread.sleep(10000);

        Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup().interrupt();
    }
}