三行代码异或交换

# 数据结构


前言

一般来说,对于完成两个值的交换,最常见的操作是使用一个中间变量作为中转站。其实也可使用异或操作完成两值交换,无需中间变量。


一、异或?

^ 即为异或符号,运算时,相同为0,不同为1.也可以理解为进行无进位加法运算,运算结果相同。那么多个数进行异或运算时,每个位的运算结果取决于各个位运算的1的个数,若为奇结果为1,若为偶,结果为0。因此多个数进行运算时,运算顺序并不影响。

二、交换

1.三行代码

void swap(int arr[], int i, int j){
    arr[i] = arr[i] ^ arr[j];
    arr[j] = arr[i] ^ arr[j];
    arr[i] = arr[i] ^ arr[j];
}

2.思路

不妨令arr[i] = a, arr[j] = b;
第一行:arr[i] = a ^ b, arr[j] = b不变
第二行:arr[i] = a ^ b, arr[j] = a ^ b ^ b = a //由于运算顺序并不影响,先运算b ^ b = 0
第三行:arr[i] = a ^ b ^ a = b //结果同理

总结

如上。
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C代码 //初始置换表IP int IP_Table[64] = { 57,49,41,33,25,17,9,1, 59,51,43,35,27,19,11,3, 61,53,45,37,29,21,13,5, 63,55,47,39,31,23,15,7, 56,48,40,32,24,16,8,0, 58,50,42,34,26,18,10,2, 60,52,44,36,28,20,12,4, 62,54,46,38,30,22,14,6}; //逆初始置换表IP^-1 int IP_1_Table[64] = {39,7,47,15,55,23,63,31, 38,6,46,14,54,22,62,30, 37,5,45,13,53,21,61,29, 36,4,44,12,52,20,60,28, 35,3,43,11,51,19,59,27, 34,2,42,10,50,18,58,26, 33,1,41,9,49,17,57,25, 32,0,40,8,48,16,56,24}; //扩充置换表E int E_Table[48] = {31, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 7, 8,9,10,11,12, 11,12,13,14,15,16, 15,16,17,18,19,20, 19,20,21,22,23,24, 23,24,25,26,27,28, 27,28,29,30,31, 0}; //置换函数P int P_Table[32] = {15,6,19,20,28,11,27,16, 0,14,22,25,4,17,30,9, 1,7,23,13,31,26,2,8, 18,12,29,5,21,10,3,24}; //S盒 int S[8][4][16] =//S1 {{{14,4,13,1,2,15,11,8,3,10,6,12,5,9,0,7}, {0,15,7,4,14,2,13,1,10,6,12,11,9,5,3,8}, {4,1,14,8,13,6,2,11,15,12,9,7,3,10,5,0}, {15,12,8,2,4,9,1,7,5,11,3,14,10,0,6,13}}, //S2 {{15,1,8,14,6,11,3,4,9,7,2,13,12,0,5,10}, {3,13,4,7,15,2,8,14,12,0,1,10,6,9,11,5}, {0,14,7,11,10,4,13,1,5,8,12,6,9,3,2,15}, {13,8,10,1,3,15,4,2,11,6,7,12,0,5,14,9}}, //S3 {{10,0,9,14,6,3,15,5,1,13,12,7,11,4,2,8}, {13,7,0,9,3,4,6,10,2,8,5,14,12,11,15,1}, {13,6,4,9,8,15,3,0,11,1,2,12,5,10,14,7}, {1,10,13,0,6,9,8,7,4,15,14,3,11,5,2,12}}, //S4 {{7,13,14,3,0,6,9,10,1,2,8,5,11,12,4,15}, {13,8,11,5,6,15,0,3,4,7,2,12,1,10,14,9}, {10,6,9,0,12,11,7,13,15,1,3,14,5,2,8,4}, {3,15,0,6,10,1,13,8,9,4,5,11,12,7,2,14}}, //S5 {{2,12,4,1,7,10,11,6,8,5,3,15,13,0,14,9}, {14,11,2,12,4,7,13,1,5,0,15,10,3,9,8,6}, {4,2,1,11,10,13,7,8,15,9,12,5,6,3,0,14}, {11,8,12,7,1,14,2,13,6,15,0,9,10,4,5,3}}, //S6 {{12,1,10,15,9,2,6,8,0,13,3,4,14,7,5,11}, {10,15,4,2,7,12,9,5,6,1,13,14,0,11,3,8}, {9,14,15,5,2,8,12,3,7,0,4,10,1,13,11,6}, {4,3,2,12,9,5,15,10,11,14,1,7,6,0,8,13}}, //S7 {{4,11,2,14,15,0,8,13,3,12,9,7,5,10,6,1}, {13,0,11,7,4,9,1,10,14,3,5,12,2,15,8,6}, {1,4,11,13,12,3,7,14,10,15,6,8,0,5,9,2}, {6,11,13,8,1,4,10,7,9,5,0,15,14,2,3,12}}, //S8 {{13,2,8,4,6,15,11,1,10,9,3,14,5,0,12,7}, {1,15,13,8,10,3,7,4,12,5,6,11,0,14,9,2}, {7,11,4,1,9,12,14,2,0,6,10,13,15,3,5,8}, {2,1,14,7,4,10,8,13,15,12,9,0,3,5,6,11}}}; //置换选择1 int PC_1[56] = {56,48,40,32,24,16,8, 0,57,49,41,33,25,17, 9,1,58,50,42,34,26, 18,10,2,59,51,43,35, 62,54,46,38,30,22,14, 6,61,53,45,37,29,21, 13,5,60,52,44,36,28, 20,12,4,27,19,11,3}; //置换选择2 int PC_2[48] = {13,16,10,23,0,4,2,27, 14,5,20,9,22,18,11,3, 25,7,15,6,26,19,12,1, 40,51,30,36,46,54,29,39, 50,44,32,46,43,48,38,55, 33,52,45,41,49,35,28,31}; //对左移次数的规定 int MOVE_TIMES[16] = {1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1}; //初始置换表IP int IP_Table[64] = { 57,49,41,33,25,17,9,1, 59,51,43,35,27,19,11,3, 61,53,45,37,29,21,13,5, 63,55,47,39,31,23,15,7, 56,48,40,32,24,16,8,0, 58,50,42,34,26,18,10,2, 60,52,44,36,28,20,12,4, 62,54,46,38,30,22,14,6}; //逆初始置换表IP^-1 int IP_1_Table[64] = {39,7,47,15,55,23,63,31, 38,6,46,14,54,22,62,30, 37,5,45,13,53,21,61,29, 36,4,44,12,52,20,60,28, 35,3,43,11,51,19,59,27, 34,2,42,10,50,18,58,26, 33,1,41,9,49,17,57,25, 32,0,40,8,48,16,56,24}; //扩充置换表E int E_Table[48] = {31, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 7, 8,9,10,11,12, 11,12,13,14,15,16, 15,16,17,18,19,20, 19,20,21,22,23,24, 23,24,25,26,27,28, 27,28,29,30,31, 0}; //置换函数P int P_Table[32] = {15,6,19,20,28,11,27,16, 0,14,22,25,4,17,30,9, 1,7,23,13,31,26,2,8, 18,12,29,5,21,10,3,24}; //S盒 int S[8][4][16] =//S1 {{{14,4,13,1,2,15,11,8,3,10,6,12,5,9,0,7}, {0,15,7,4,14,2,13,1,10,6,12,11,9,5,3,8}, {4,1,14,8,13,6,2,11,15,12,9,7,3,10,5,0}, {15,12,8,2,4,9,1,7,5,11,3,14,10,0,6,13}}, //S2 {{15,1,8,14,6,11,3,4,9,7,2,13,12,0,5,10}, {3,13,4,7,15,2,8,14,12,0,1,10,6,9,11,5}, {0,14,7,11,10,4,13,1,5,8,12,6,9,3,2,15}, {13,8,10,1,3,15,4,2,11,6,7,12,0,5,14,9}}, //S3 {{10,0,9,14,6,3,15,5,1,13,12,7,11,4,2,8}, {13,7,0,9,3,4,6,10,2,8,5,14,12,11,15,1}, {13,6,4,9,8,15,3,0,11,1,2,12,5,10,14,7}, {1,10,13,0,6,9,8,7,4,15,14,3,11,5,2,12}}, //S4 {{7,13,14,3,0,6,9,10,1,2,8,5,11,12,4,15}, {13,8,11,5,6,15,0,3,4,7,2,12,1,10,14,9}, {10,6,9,0,12,11,7,13,15,1,3,14,5,2,8,4}, {3,15,0,6,10,1,13,8,9,4,5,11,12,7,2,14}}, //S5 {{2,12,4,1,7,10,11,6,8,5,3,15,13,0,14,9}, {14,11,2,12,4,7,13,1,5,0,15,10,3,9,8,6}, {4,2,1,11,10,13,7,8,15,9,12,5,6,3,0,14}, {11,8,12,7,1,14,2,13,6,15,0,9,10,4,5,3}}, //S6 {{12,1,10,15,9,2,6,8,0,13,3,4,14,7,5,11}, {10,15,4,2,7,12,9,5,6,1,13,14,0,11,3,8}, {9,14,15,5,2,8,12,3,7,0,4,10,1,13,11,6}, {4,3,2,12,9,5,15,10,11,14,1,7,6,0,8,13}}, //S7 {{4,11,2,14,15,0,8,13,3,12,9,7,5,10,6,1}, {13,0,11,7,4,9,1,10,14,3,5,12,2,15,8,6}, {1,4,11,13,12,3,7,14,10,15,6,8,0,5,9,2}, {6,11,13,8,1,4,10,7,9,5,0,15,14,2,3,12}}, //S8 {{13,2,8,4,6,15,11,1,10,9,3,14,5,0,12,7}, {1,15,13,8,10,3,7,4,12,5,6,11,0,14,9,2}, {7,11,4,1,9,12,14,2,0,6,10,13,15,3,5,8}, {2,1,14,7,4,10,8,13,15,12,9,0,3,5,6,11}}}; //置换选择1 int PC_1[56] = {56,48,40,32,24,16,8, 0,57,49,41,33,25,17, 9,1,58,50,42,34,26, 18,10,2,59,51,43,35, 62,54,46,38,30,22,14, 6,61,53,45,37,29,21, 13,5,60,52,44,36,28, 20,12,4,27,19,11,3}; //置换选择2 int PC_2[48] = {13,16,10,23,0,4,2,27, 14,5,20,9,22,18,11,3, 25,7,15,6,26,19,12,1, 40,51,30,36,46,54,29,39, 50,44,32,46,43,48,38,55, 33,52,45,41,49,35,28,31}; //对左移次数的规定 int MOVE_TIMES[16] = {1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1}; 二、模块化。 对面向过程的程序,模块化是否清晰是至关重要的。 下面是函数的声明: C代码 int ByteToBit(ElemType ch,ElemType bit[8]); int BitToByte(ElemType bit[8],ElemType *ch); int Char8ToBit64(ElemType ch[8],ElemType bit[64]); int Bit64ToChar8(ElemType bit[64],ElemType ch[8]); int DES_MakeSubKeys(ElemType key[64],ElemType subKeys[16][48]); int DES_PC1_Transform(ElemType key[64], ElemType tempbts[56]); int DES_PC2_Transform(ElemType key[56], ElemType tempbts[48]); int DES_ROL(ElemType data[56], int time); int DES_IP_Transform(ElemType data[64]); int DES_IP_1_Transform(ElemType data[64]); int DES_E_Transform(ElemType data[48]); int DES_P_Transform(ElemType data[32]); int DES_SBOX(ElemType data[48]); int DES_XOR(ElemType R[48], ElemType L[48],int count); int DES_Swap(ElemType left[32],ElemType right[32]); int DES_EncryptBlock(ElemType plainBlock[8], ElemType subKeys[16][48], ElemType cipherBlock[8]); int DES_DecryptBlock(ElemType cipherBlock[8], ElemType subKeys[16][48], ElemType plainBlock[8]); int DES_Encrypt(char *plainFile, char *keyStr,char *cipherFile); int DES_Decrypt(char *cipherFile, char *keyStr,char *plainFile); int ByteToBit(ElemType ch,ElemType bit[8]); int BitToByte(ElemType bit[8],ElemType *ch); int Char8ToBit64(ElemType ch[8],ElemType bit[64]); int Bit64ToChar8(ElemType bit[64],ElemType ch[8]); int DES_MakeSubKeys(ElemType key[64],ElemType subKeys[16][48]); int DES_PC1_Transform(ElemType key[64], ElemType tempbts[56]); int DES_PC2_Transform(ElemType key[56], ElemType tempbts[48]); int DES_ROL(ElemType data[56], int time); int DES_IP_Transform(ElemType data[64]); int DES_IP_1_Transform(ElemType data[64]); int DES_E_Transform(ElemType data[48]); int DES_P_Transform(ElemType data[32]); int DES_SBOX(ElemType data[48]); int DES_XOR(ElemType R[48], ElemType L[48],int count); int DES_Swap(ElemType left[32],ElemType right[32]); int DES_EncryptBlock(ElemType plainBlock[8], ElemType subKeys[16][48], ElemType cipherBlock[8]); int DES_DecryptBlock(ElemType cipherBlock[8], ElemType subKeys[16][48], ElemType plainBlock[8]); int DES_Encrypt(char *plainFile, char *keyStr,char *cipherFile); int DES_Decrypt(char *cipherFile, char *keyStr,char *plainFile); 其实,模块化与速度也是一对矛盾,因为了解函数运行机制的人就知道,我们的计算机在运行某个函数时,是要用栈来保存入口状态的,在运行结束后又要恢复现场,这些操作势必会影像系统性能,但我们不能将所有代码写在Main函数里,虽然那样做我们的加密算法效率又会大增,但是那种代码未免太过于丑陋不堪。因此,为了帅,还是牺牲一下性能吧。 三、实现。 代码里能用移位操作都尽量用了移位操作,能用逻辑运算符的都用了逻辑运算符。 详细的行注相信你可以看懂吧。有问题可以M我。 C代码 //字节转换成二进制 int ByteToBit(ElemType ch, ElemType bit[8]){ int cnt; for(cnt = 0;cnt >cnt)&1; } return 0; } //二进制转换成字节 int BitToByte(ElemType bit[8],ElemType *ch){ int cnt; for(cnt = 0;cnt < 8; cnt++){ *ch |= *(bit + cnt)<<cnt; } return 0; } //将长度为8的字符串转为二进制位串 int Char8ToBit64(ElemType ch[8],ElemType bit[64]){ int cnt; for(cnt = 0; cnt < 8; cnt++){ ByteToBit(*(ch+cnt),bit+(cnt<<3)); } return 0; } //将二进制位串转为长度为8的字符串 int Bit64ToChar8(ElemType bit[64],ElemType ch[8]){ int cnt; memset(ch,0,8); for(cnt = 0; cnt < 8; cnt++){ BitToByte(bit+(cnt<<3),ch+cnt); } return 0; } //生成子密钥 int DES_MakeSubKeys(ElemType key[64],ElemType subKeys[16][48]){ ElemType temp[56]; int cnt; DES_PC1_Transform(key,temp);//PC1置换 for(cnt = 0; cnt < 16; cnt++){//16轮跌代,产生16个子密钥 DES_ROL(temp,MOVE_TIMES[cnt]);//循环左移 DES_PC2_Transform(temp,subKeys[cnt]);//PC2置换,产生子密钥 } return 0; } //密钥置换1 int DES_PC1_Transform(ElemType key[64], ElemType tempbts[56]){ int cnt; for(cnt = 0; cnt < 56; cnt++){ tempbts[cnt] = key[PC_1[cnt]]; } return 0; } //密钥置换2 int DES_PC2_Transform(ElemType key[56], ElemType tempbts[48]){ int cnt; for(cnt = 0; cnt < 48; cnt++){ tempbts[cnt] = key[PC_2[cnt]]; } return 0; } //循环左移 int DES_ROL(ElemType data[56], int time){ ElemType temp[56]; //保存将要循环移动到右边的位 memcpy(temp,data,time); memcpy(temp+time,data+28,time); //前28位移动 memcpy(data,data+time,28-time); memcpy(data+28-time,temp,time); //后28位移动 memcpy(data+28,data+28+time,28-time); memcpy(data+56-time,temp+time,time); return 0; } //IP置换 int DES_IP_Transform(ElemType data[64]){ int cnt; ElemType temp[64]; for(cnt = 0; cnt < 64; cnt++){ temp[cnt] = data[IP_Table[cnt]]; } memcpy(data,temp,64); return 0; } //IP逆置换 int DES_IP_1_Transform(ElemType data[64]){ int cnt; ElemType temp[64]; for(cnt = 0; cnt < 64; cnt++){ temp[cnt] = data[IP_1_Table[cnt]]; } memcpy(data,temp,64); return 0; } //扩展置换 int DES_E_Transform(ElemType data[48]){ int cnt; ElemType temp[48]; for(cnt = 0; cnt < 48; cnt++){ temp[cnt] = data[E_Table[cnt]]; } memcpy(data,temp,48); return 0; } //P置换 int DES_P_Transform(ElemType data[32]){ int cnt; ElemType temp[32]; for(cnt = 0; cnt < 32; cnt++){ temp[cnt] = data[P_Table[cnt]]; } memcpy(data,temp,32); return 0; } //异或 int DES_XOR(ElemType R[48], ElemType L[48] ,int count){ int cnt; for(cnt = 0; cnt < count; cnt++){ R[cnt] ^= L[cnt]; } return 0; } //S盒置换 int DES_SBOX(ElemType data[48]){ int cnt; int line,row,output; int cur1,cur2; for(cnt = 0; cnt < 8; cnt++){ cur1 = cnt*6; cur2 = cnt<<2; //计算在S盒中的行与列 line = (data[cur1]<<1) + data[cur1+5]; row = (data[cur1+1]<<3) + (data[cur1+2]<<2) + (data[cur1+3]<>3; data[cur2+1] = (output&0X04)>>2; data[cur2+2] = (output&0X02)>>1; data[cur2+3] = output&0x01; } return 0; } //交换 int DES_Swap(ElemType left[32], ElemType right[32]){ ElemType temp[32]; memcpy(temp,left,32); memcpy(left,right,32); memcpy(right,temp,32); return 0; } //加密单个分组 int DES_EncryptBlock(ElemType plainBlock[8], ElemType subKeys[16][48], ElemType cipherBlock[8]){ ElemType plainBits[64]; ElemType copyRight[48]; int cnt; Char8ToBit64(plainBlock,plainBits); //初始置换(IP置换) DES_IP_Transform(plainBits); //16轮迭代 for(cnt = 0; cnt = 0; cnt--){ memcpy(copyRight,cipherBits+32,32); //将右半部分进行扩展置换,从32位扩展到48位 DES_E_Transform(copyRight); //将右半部分与子密钥进行异或操作 DES_XOR(copyRight,subKeys[cnt],48); //异或结果进入S盒,输出32位结果 DES_SBOX(copyRight); //P置换 DES_P_Transform(copyRight); //将明文左半部分与右半部分进行异或 DES_XOR(cipherBits,copyRight,32); if(cnt != 0){ //最终完成左右部的交换 DES_Swap(cipherBits,cipherBits+32); } } //逆初始置换(IP^1置换) DES_IP_1_Transform(cipherBits); Bit64ToChar8(cipherBits,plainBlock); return 0; } //加密文件 int DES_Encrypt(char *plainFile, char *keyStr,char *cipherFile){ FILE *plain,*cipher; int count; ElemType plainBlock[8],cipherBlock[8],keyBlock[8]; ElemType bKey[64]; ElemType subKeys[16][48]; if((plain = fopen(plainFile,"rb")) == NULL){ return PLAIN_FILE_OPEN_ERROR; } if((cipher = fopen(cipherFile,"wb")) == NULL){ return CIPHER_FILE_OPEN_ERROR; } //设置密钥 memcpy(keyBlock,keyStr,8); //将密钥转换为二进制流 Char8ToBit64(keyBlock,bKey); //生成子密钥 DES_MakeSubKeys(bKey,subKeys); while(!feof(plain)){ //每次读8个字节,并返回成功读取的字节数 if((count = fread(plainBlock,sizeof(char),8,plain)) == 8){ DES_EncryptBlock(plainBlock,subKeys,cipherBlock); fwrite(cipherBlock,sizeof(char),8,cipher); } } if(count){ //填充 memset(plainBlock + count,'\0',7 - count); //最后一个字符保存包括最后一个字符在内的所填充的字符数量 plainBlock[7] = 8 - count; DES_EncryptBlock(plainBlock,subKeys,cipherBlock); fwrite(cipherBlock,sizeof(char),8,cipher); } fclose(plain); fclose(cipher); return OK; } //解密文件 int DES_Decrypt(char *cipherFile, char *keyStr,char *plainFile){ FILE *plain, *cipher; int count,times = 0; long fileLen; ElemType plainBlock[8],cipherBlock[8],keyBlock[8]; ElemType bKey[64]; ElemType subKeys[16][48]; if((cipher = fopen(cipherFile,"rb")) == NULL){ return CIPHER_FILE_OPEN_ERROR; } if((plain = fopen(plainFile,"wb")) == NULL){ return PLAIN_FILE_OPEN_ERROR; } //设置密钥 memcpy(keyBlock,keyStr,8); //将密钥转换为二进制流 Char8ToBit64(keyBlock,bKey); //生成子密钥 DES_MakeSubKeys(bKey,subKeys); //取文件长度 fseek(cipher,0,SEEK_END); //将文件指针置尾 fileLen = ftell(cipher); //取文件指针当前位置 rewind(cipher); //将文件指针重指向文件头 while(1){ //密文的字节数一定是8的整数倍 fread(cipherBlock,sizeof(char),8,cipher); DES_DecryptBlock(cipherBlock,subKeys,plainBlock); times += 8; if(times < fileLen){ fwrite(plainBlock,sizeof(char),8,plain); } else{ break; } } //判断末尾是否被填充 if(plainBlock[7] < 8){ for(count = 8 - plainBlock[7]; count < 7; count++){ if(plainBlock[count] != '\0'){ break; } } } if(count == 7){//有填充 fwrite(plainBlock,sizeof(char),8 - plainBlock[7],plain); } else{//无填充 fwrite(plainBlock,sizeof(char),8,plain); } fclose(plain); fclose(cipher); return OK; } //字节转换成二进制 int ByteToBit(ElemType ch, ElemType bit[8]){ int cnt; for(cnt = 0;cnt >cnt)&1; } return 0; } //二进制转换成字节 int BitToByte(ElemType bit[8],ElemType *ch){ int cnt; for(cnt = 0;cnt < 8; cnt++){ *ch |= *(bit + cnt)<<cnt; } return 0; } //将长度为8的字符串转为二进制位串 int Char8ToBit64(ElemType ch[8],ElemType bit[64]){ int cnt; for(cnt = 0; cnt < 8; cnt++){ ByteToBit(*(ch+cnt),bit+(cnt<<3)); } return 0; } //将二进制位串转为长度为8的字符串 int Bit64ToChar8(ElemType bit[64],ElemType ch[8]){ int cnt; memset(ch,0,8); for(cnt = 0; cnt < 8; cnt++){ BitToByte(bit+(cnt<<3),ch+cnt); } return 0; } //生成子密钥 int DES_MakeSubKeys(ElemType key[64],ElemType subKeys[16][48]){ ElemType temp[56]; int cnt; DES_PC1_Transform(key,temp);//PC1置换 for(cnt = 0; cnt < 16; cnt++){//16轮跌代,产生16个子密钥 DES_ROL(temp,MOVE_TIMES[cnt]);//循环左移 DES_PC2_Transform(temp,subKeys[cnt]);//PC2置换,产生子密钥 } return 0; } //密钥置换1 int DES_PC1_Transform(ElemType key[64], ElemType tempbts[56]){ int cnt; for(cnt = 0; cnt < 56; cnt++){ tempbts[cnt] = key[PC_1[cnt]]; } return 0; } //密钥置换2 int DES_PC2_Transform(ElemType key[56], ElemType tempbts[48]){ int cnt; for(cnt = 0; cnt < 48; cnt++){ tempbts[cnt] = key[PC_2[cnt]]; } return 0; } //循环左移 int DES_ROL(ElemType data[56], int time){ ElemType temp[56]; //保存将要循环移动到右边的位 memcpy(temp,data,time); memcpy(temp+time,data+28,time); //前28位移动 memcpy(data,data+time,28-time); memcpy(data+28-time,temp,time); //后28位移动 memcpy(data+28,data+28+time,28-time); memcpy(data+56-time,temp+time,time); return 0; } //IP置换 int DES_IP_Transform(ElemType data[64]){ int cnt; ElemType temp[64]; for(cnt = 0; cnt < 64; cnt++){ temp[cnt] = data[IP_Table[cnt]]; } memcpy(data,temp,64); return 0; } //IP逆置换 int DES_IP_1_Transform(ElemType data[64]){ int cnt; ElemType temp[64]; for(cnt = 0; cnt < 64; cnt++){ temp[cnt] = data[IP_1_Table[cnt]]; } memcpy(data,temp,64); return 0; } //扩展置换 int DES_E_Transform(ElemType data[48]){ int cnt; ElemType temp[48]; for(cnt = 0; cnt < 48; cnt++){ temp[cnt] = data[E_Table[cnt]]; } memcpy(data,temp,48); return 0; } //P置换 int DES_P_Transform(ElemType data[32]){ int cnt; ElemType temp[32]; for(cnt = 0; cnt < 32; cnt++){ temp[cnt] = data[P_Table[cnt]]; } memcpy(data,temp,32); return 0; } //异或 int DES_XOR(ElemType R[48], ElemType L[48] ,int count){ int cnt; for(cnt = 0; cnt < count; cnt++){ R[cnt] ^= L[cnt]; } return 0; } //S盒置换 int DES_SBOX(ElemType data[48]){ int cnt; int line,row,output; int cur1,cur2; for(cnt = 0; cnt < 8; cnt++){ cur1 = cnt*6; cur2 = cnt<<2; //计算在S盒中的行与列 line = (data[cur1]<<1) + data[cur1+5]; row = (data[cur1+1]<<3) + (data[cur1+2]<<2) + (data[cur1+3]<>3; data[cur2+1] = (output&0X04)>>2; data[cur2+2] = (output&0X02)>>1; data[cur2+3] = output&0x01; } return 0; } //交换 int DES_Swap(ElemType left[32], ElemType right[32]){ ElemType temp[32]; memcpy(temp,left,32); memcpy(left,right,32); memcpy(right,temp,32); return 0; } //加密单个分组 int DES_EncryptBlock(ElemType plainBlock[8], ElemType subKeys[16][48], ElemType cipherBlock[8]){ ElemType plainBits[64]; ElemType copyRight[48]; int cnt; Char8ToBit64(plainBlock,plainBits); //初始置换(IP置换) DES_IP_Transform(plainBits); //16轮迭代 for(cnt = 0; cnt = 0; cnt--){ memcpy(copyRight,cipherBits+32,32); //将右半部分进行扩展置换,从32位扩展到48位 DES_E_Transform(copyRight); //将右半部分与子密钥进行异或操作 DES_XOR(copyRight,subKeys[cnt],48); //异或结果进入S盒,输出32位结果 DES_SBOX(copyRight); //P置换 DES_P_Transform(copyRight); //将明文左半部分与右半部分进行异或 DES_XOR(cipherBits,copyRight,32); if(cnt != 0){ //最终完成左右部的交换 DES_Swap(cipherBits,cipherBits+32); } } //逆初始置换(IP^1置换) DES_IP_1_Transform(cipherBits); Bit64ToChar8(cipherBits,plainBlock); return 0; } //加密文件 int DES_Encrypt(char *plainFile, char *keyStr,char *cipherFile){ FILE *plain,*cipher; int count; ElemType plainBlock[8],cipherBlock[8],keyBlock[8]; ElemType bKey[64]; ElemType subKeys[16][48]; if((plain = fopen(plainFile,"rb")) == NULL){ return PLAIN_FILE_OPEN_ERROR; } if((cipher = fopen(cipherFile,"wb")) == NULL){ return CIPHER_FILE_OPEN_ERROR; } //设置密钥 memcpy(keyBlock,keyStr,8); //将密钥转换为二进制流 Char8ToBit64(keyBlock,bKey); //生成子密钥 DES_MakeSubKeys(bKey,subKeys); while(!feof(plain)){ //每次读8个字节,并返回成功读取的字节数 if((count = fread(plainBlock,sizeof(char),8,plain)) == 8){ DES_EncryptBlock(plainBlock,subKeys,cipherBlock); fwrite(cipherBlock,sizeof(char),8,cipher); } } if(count){ //填充 memset(plainBlock + count,'\0',7 - count); //最后一个字符保存包括最后一个字符在内的所填充的字符数量 plainBlock[7] = 8 - count; DES_EncryptBlock(plainBlock,subKeys,cipherBlock); fwrite(cipherBlock,sizeof(char),8,cipher); } fclose(plain); fclose(cipher); return OK; } //解密文件 int DES_Decrypt(char *cipherFile, char *keyStr,char *plainFile){ FILE *plain, *cipher; int count,times = 0; long fileLen; ElemType plainBlock[8],cipherBlock[8],keyBlock[8]; ElemType bKey[64]; ElemType subKeys[16][48]; if((cipher = fopen(cipherFile,"rb")) == NULL){ return CIPHER_FILE_OPEN_ERROR; } if((plain = fopen(plainFile,"wb")) == NULL){ return PLAIN_FILE_OPEN_ERROR; } //设置密钥 memcpy(keyBlock,keyStr,8); //将密钥转换为二进制流 Char8ToBit64(keyBlock,bKey); //生成子密钥 DES_MakeSubKeys(bKey,subKeys); //取文件长度 fseek(cipher,0,SEEK_END); //将文件指针置尾 fileLen = ftell(cipher); //取文件指针当前位置 rewind(cipher); //将文件指针重指向文件头 while(1){ //密文的字节数一定是8的整数倍 fread(cipherBlock,sizeof(char),8,cipher); DES_DecryptBlock(cipherBlock,subKeys,plainBlock); times += 8; if(times < fileLen){ fwrite(plainBlock,sizeof(char),8,plain); } else{ break; } } //判断末尾是否被填充 if(plainBlock[7] < 8){ for(count = 8 - plainBlock[7]; count < 7; count++){ if(plainBlock[count] != '\0'){ break; } } } if(count == 7){//有填充 fwrite(plainBlock,sizeof(char),8 - plainBlock[7],plain); } else{//无填充 fwrite(plainBlock,sizeof(char),8,plain); } fclose(plain); fclose(cipher); return OK; } 最后,写一个简单的main函数来检验它: C代码 int main() { clock_t a,b; a = clock(); DES_Encrypt("1.txt","key.txt","2.txt"); b = clock(); printf("加密消耗%d毫秒\n",b-a); system("pause"); a = clock(); DES_Decrypt("2.txt","key.txt","3.txt"); b = clock(); printf("解密消耗%d毫秒\n",b-a); getchar(); return 0; }

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