所需要知识点
元素样式宽,高 width / height
元素内容宽,高 ele.clientWidth / ele.clientHeight
padding+width / padding+height
实际宽,高 ele.offsetWidth /ele.offsetHeight
padding+border+width /padding+border+height
相对父元素的距离
ele.offsetTop / ele.offsetLeft
键盘事件
onkeydown 按键按下
onkeyup 按键抬起
onkeypress 按键按下抬起
获取键盘的键值 keyCode ||which
组合键 ctrlKey、altKey、shiftKey
代码:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>键盘控制方块移动</title>
<style>
* {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
.box {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color: #6ff;
position: absolute;
left: 0;
top: 0;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box"></div>
</body>
<script>
var oBox = document.querySelector('.box');
//获取方块移动的边界
var maxLeft = document.documentElement.clientWidth - oBox.offsetWidth;
var maxTop = document.documentElement.clientHeight - oBox.offsetHeight;
//键盘按下时触发此事件
document.onkeydown = function (e) {
//解决获取键值所带来的兼容性问题
var ev = event || e;
var keyCode = ev.keyCode || ev.which;
//获取方块初始位置
var left = oBox.offsetLeft;
var top = oBox.offsetTop;
// 判断keyCode(键值)
switch (keyCode) {
case 37:
left -= 5;
break;
case 39:
left += 5;
break;
case 38:
top -= 5;
break;
case 40:
top += 5;
break;
}
// 边界条件
if (left < 0) {
left = 0
}
if (left > maxLeft) {
left = maxLeft
}
if (top < 0) {
top = 0
}
if (top > maxTop) {
top = maxTop;
}
// 赋值 新位置
oBox.style.left = `${left}px`;
oBox.style.top = `${top}px`;
}