python贪吃蛇简单演示

一、 脚本环境

我的环境：

1. Python 3.6.8
2. pygame 1.9.6
3. 操作系统 win10

也可以用其他操作系统、python版本及其适应的pygame模块。

二、思路

总的来说，把pygame窗口设为800x400，将蛇身体的每一方块大小设为20，窗口大小要为20的整数倍才好展开代码。蛇每一次移动一个蛇方块距离即20。为了设置随机出现的“豆子”且方便蛇吞下后长大一个蛇方块，将800x400大小的pygame窗口划分为一个个20x20的方块，保存于ground变量中。

1. 设置窗口。
2. 在窗口上绘制蛇、豆子、计分板等图形元素。
3. 接收键盘有关按键的输入信号，控制“蛇头”方向。
4. 移动蛇位置。
5. 判断蛇是否死亡，如撞墙、吃到自己。如果是其中之一则绘制“Game Over”字样，重新开始游戏。

由于把蛇分割成一个个20x20大小的方块，所以每一部分都是独立的，而且接收键盘信号从而改变方向只能是“蛇头”这个20x20的方块，为了实现“蛇身”们沿着“蛇头“的运行轨迹而运行，需要将整条蛇以列表加字典的形式在代码中展现，而且还需要将”dir“键值从“蛇尾”开始依次将上一个“dir”键值覆盖。形如。

蛇的表示：snakes=[{'rect':pg.Rect(100,100,20,20),'dir':down},
		{'rect':pg.Rect(100,80,20,20),'dir':down},
		{'rect':pg.Rect(100,60,20,20),'dir':down}]
覆盖写法：for i in range(len(snakes)-1,0,-1):
				snakes[i]['dir']=snakes[i-1]['dir']

其中“rect”键值表示蛇在窗口中的位置和大小，“dir”键值表示蛇的每一部分在下一移动中的朝向。

三、 代码展示

#python3
import pygame as pg
from pygame.locals import * 
import random


#---------------------
#Get Bean point Func in random
def Bean():
	global bean
	bp=random.choice(ground)
	bean=[{'rect':pg.Rect(bp[0],bp[1],20,20)}]


#----------------------
#Draw snakes white strike
def Boundary():
	global snakes,info
	point=[(snake['rect'].left,snake['rect'].top) for snake in snakes]
	for p in point:
		pg.draw.line(screen,info['strike'],(p[0],p[1]),(p[0],p[1]+20),1)
		pg.draw.line(screen,info['strike'],(p[0],p[1]),(p[0]+20,p[1]),1)
		pg.draw.line(screen,info['strike'],(p[0]+20,p[1]),(p[0]+20,p[1]+20),1)
		pg.draw.line(screen,info['strike'],(p[0],p[1]+20),(p[0]+20,p[1]+20),1)


#----------------------
#Main draw func including score word,snake,bean,
def Draw():
	global info
	
	#-----------------
	#score record element
	font2=pg.font.SysFont(None,1)
	text2=font.render("length: {}".format(len(snakes)),True,BLACK,WHITE)
	point2=pg.Rect(0,0,60,20)
	screen.fill(info['bg'])
	screen.blit(text2,point2)
	
	#------------------
	#draw bean and snake in window
	for b in bean:
		pg.draw.rect(screen,info['apple'],b['rect'])
	for snake in snakes:
		pg.draw.rect(screen,info['snake'],snake['rect'])
	
	#-----------------
	#give snake make up
	Boundary()
	
	pg.display.update()
	clock.tick(8)


#-----------------------
#Control snake to move in direct and distance func
def Move():
	for i in range(len(snakes)):
		if snakes[i]['dir']==down:
			snakes[i]['rect'].top+=20
			
		if snakes[i]['dir']==up:
			snakes[i]['rect'].top-=20
			
		if snakes[i]['dir']==left:
			snakes[i]['rect'].left-=20
		
		if snakes[i]['dir']==right:
			snakes[i]['rect'].left+=20
	
	Draw()

	#----------------------
	#move the rest body exclude head
	#the snake part that you only can crab is its head,the reat of part will follow its up one part
	for i in range(len(snakes)-1,0,-1):
		snakes[i]['dir']=snakes[i-1]['dir']
		

#-----------------------
#Judge if game over or get bean,to eat itself,to touch wall... func
def Crush():
	global down,up,left,right,info
	
	#---------------------
	#touch wall with your snake head GG... :(
	ww=info['width']
	hh=info['heigth']
	headR=snakes[0]['rect'].right
	headL=snakes[0]['rect'].left
	headT=snakes[0]['rect'].top
	headB=snakes[0]['rect'].bottom
	if headR>ww or headL<0 or headT<0 or headB>hh:
		GameOver()
	
	#---------------------
	#I get you my body GG... :(
	body=[[i['rect'].left,i['rect'].top] for i in snakes[1:]]
	location=[headL,headT]
	if location in body:
		GameOver()
		
	#---------------------
	#bean location in window 
	beanR=bean[0]['rect'].right
	beanL=bean[0]['rect'].left
	beanT=bean[0]['rect'].top
	beanB=bean[0]['rect'].bottom
	
	#----------------------
	#mom I am growing,can I eat that blue thing again.Nice!! :p
	if headL==beanL and headT==beanT:
		tailL,tailT=snakes[-1]['rect'].left,snakes[-1]['rect'].top
		tailR,tailB=snakes[-1]['rect'].right,snakes[-1]['rect'].bottom
		tailDir=snakes[-1]['dir']
		if tailDir==down:
			snakes.append({'rect':pg.Rect(tailL,tailT-20,20,20),'dir':down})
			bean.remove(bean[0])
			Bean()
		elif tailDir==up:
			snakes.append({'rect':pg.Rect(tailL,tailT+20,20,20),'dir':up})
			bean.remove(bean[0])
			Bean()
		elif tailDir==left:
			snakes.append({'rect':pg.Rect(tailR,tailT,20,20),'dir':left})
			bean.remove(bean[0])
			Bean()
		elif tailDir==right:
			snakes.append({'rect':pg.Rect(tailL-20,tailT,20,20),'dir':right})
			bean.remove(bean[0])
			Bean()


#-----------------------
#Draw "Game over"
def GameOver():
	global info,text
	screen.fill(info['bg'])
	screen.blit(text,point)
	pg.display.update()
	clock.tick(1)
	Main()


#-----------------------
#main func
def Main():
	global snakes,down,up,left,right
	
	#--------------------
	#as you see your snake is a list be taked apart into 20 size
	snakes=[{'rect':pg.Rect(100,100,20,20),'dir':down},
			{'rect':pg.Rect(100,80,20,20),'dir':down},
			{'rect':pg.Rect(100,60,20,20),'dir':down}]
	
	#--------------------
	#Emerge bean in window
	Bean()
	
	#--------------------
	#take sinal from keyboard,like exit and "w" "a" "s" "d" equal "up" "left" "down" "right"
	while True:
		for event in pg.event.get():
			if event.type==12:
				pg.quit()
				exit()
		
		#-------------------
		#crub head
			if event.type==KEYDOWN:
				head=snakes[0]['dir']
				if event.unicode==right and head!=left:
					snakes[0]['dir']=right
							
				if event.unicode==left and head!=right:
					snakes[0]['dir']=left		
			
				if event.unicode==up and head!=down:	
					snakes[0]['dir']=up

				if event.unicode==down and head!=up:
					snakes[0]['dir']=down
		
		#-------------------
		#move your snake
		Move()
		
		#-------------------
		#judge if your snake die?
		Crush()
		
		
		
if __name__=="__main__":
	
	#--------------------
	#set some color var
	BLACK=(0,0,0) 
	RED=(255,0,0) 
	WHITE=(255,255,255)
	BLUE=(0, 0, 255) 
	
	#--------------------
	#combine color var and window size var into info dict var
	info={'bg':WHITE,
	  'snake':BLACK,
	  'apple':BLUE,
	  'font':BLACK,
	  'width':800,
	  'heigth':400,
	  'strike':WHITE,}
	
	#--------------------
	#define direct var、clock var and window size
	w,h=info['width'],info['heigth']
	clock = pg.time.Clock()
	up='w'
	down='s'
	left='a'
	right='d'
	
	#---------------------
	#pygame common start configure
	pg.init()
	screen=pg.display.set_mode((w,h),0,32)

	#---------------------
	#game over font
	font=pg.font.SysFont(None,48)
	text=font.render("Game Over",True,RED,WHITE)
	point=pg.Rect(300,150,100,40)

	#---------------------
	#pygame window point in every 20
	ground=[[x,y] for x in range(0,w,20) for y in range(100,h-100,20)]
	
	#---------------------
	#game start
	Main()

四、操作演示

谢谢各位