CentOS7安装配置MySQL8.0

安装MySQL

添加MySQL源

wget  https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
yum clean all
yum makecache

在第一次运行yum makecache时可能会失败，报错如下：

failure: repodata/repomd.xml from base: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.

再次执行上条命令即可，出现：

元数据缓存已建立

安装

yum install mysql-community-server

开启服务

systemctl start mysqld.service

修改密码，开启远程访问

获取初始密码并登录

MySQL在安装后会创建一个root@locahost账户，并且把初始的密码放到了/var/log/mysqld.log文件中；

cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password

得到初始密码o7X/bR9:uk0* 后登录：

[root@xcore-ams2-se-r2 ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
2020-11-26T07:55:59.456806Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: o7X/bR9:uk0*

mysql -u root -p          #会提示输入密码

修改密码

MySQL8.0要求必须修改密码：

mysql> set global validate_password.policy=0;  
mysql> set global validate_password.length=1; 
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; 
mysql> flush privileges;  
mysql> exit;

远程访问

进入mysql：

mysql -u root -p          #提示输入密码 “123456”

mysql> use mysql;
//Mysql默认不允许远程登录，所以需要开启远程访问权限
mysql> select user,authentication_string,host from user;
mysql> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
//navicat 连接 mysql 出现`Client does not support authentication 
																			// protocol requested by server`
mysql> alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '123456';

开启防火墙:

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent    # 开放3306端口
firewall-cmd --reload   # 配置立即生效

即可使用Navicat远程访问

编码格式

默认MySQL8.0采用utf8mb4方式编码，兼容utf8，可以通过下面的命令进行查看：

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'character_set_%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%';

开机自启等常用命令

systemctl enable mysqld.service      //开机自启
systemctl start mysqld.service         //启动mysql
systemctl stop mysqld.service         //结束
systemctl restart mysqld.service      //重启
mysql> select version();                   //查看mysql版本

参考文章：

• [1] CentOS7安装mysql8.0
• [2] CentOS下MySQL 8.0安装部署，超详细！
• [3]mysql8.0开启远程访问