什么是机器学习
Date: January 14, 2022
参考视频:吴恩达机器学习经典名课【中英字幕】
What is machine learning
- Arthur Samuel (1959). Machine Learning: Field of study that gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed.
- 在没有明确设置的情况下,能够使计算机具有学习能力的领域
- Tom Mitchell (1998) Well-posed Learning Problem: A computer program is said to learn from experience E with respect to some task T and some performance measure P, if its performance on T,as measured by P, improves with experience E.
Task 任务
performance measure 性能度量
experience 经验
机器学习算法
- Supervised learning 监督学习:我们会教会计算机
- Unsupervised learning 无监督学习:计算机自己学习
- Others: Reinforcement learning, recommender systems. 强化学习和推荐系统
- Also talk about: Practical advice for applying learning algorithms. 应用学习算法的建议
监督学习
给算法一个数据集,其中包含正确答案,算法的目的是为了给出更多的正确答案(“right answers” given)
Regression:Predict continuous valued 回归问题:预测连续的数值输出
e.g. 乳腺癌预测,malignant为1,benign为0。
分类问题,需要设置离散值
compromise v.危及,损害
无监督学习
clustering algorithm 聚类算法
the cocktail party algorithm 鸡尾酒会算法
分离音频中不同的两种声音
实现代码→Octave