MVC模式
什么是MVC
MVC全名是Model View Controller,是模型(model)-视图(view)-控制器(controller)的缩写, 它是一种软件设计典范,用一种业务逻辑、数据、界面显示分离的方法组织代码。
自定义MVC工作原理主控制动态调用子控制器调用完成具体的业务逻辑;由请求、主控制器、子控制器三部分组成。
MVC结构
M : 实体域模型(名词) ;过程域模型(动词)
V : jsp/ios/android
C : servlet/action
案列:完成一个加减乘除的自定义MVC
第一步:cal.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function doSub(val) {
if(val == 1){//加法
calForm.action = "${pageContext.request.contextPath }/addCal.action";//绝对路径
} else if(val == 2){//减法
calForm.action = "${pageContext.request.contextPath }/delCal.action";
} else if(val == 3){//乘法
calForm.action = "${pageContext.request.contextPath }/chengCal.action";
} else if(val == 4){//除法
calForm.action = "${pageContext.request.contextPath }/chuCal.action";
}
calForm.submit();
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form id="calForm" name="calFrom" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/addCal.action">
num1:<input type="text" name="num1"><br>
num2:<input type="text" name="num2"><br>
<!-- <input type="submit"> -->
<button onclick="doSub(1)">+</button>
<button onclick="doSub(2)">-</button>
<button onclick="doSub(3)">*</button>
<button onclick="doSub(4)">/</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>
第二步:Action接口
package com.shiyi.framework;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 子控制器
* 专门用来处理业务逻辑的
* @author shiyi
*
*/
public interface Action {
void execute(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException ;
}
第三步:主控制器(DispatcherServlet)
package com.shiyi.framework;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.shiyi.web.AddCalAction;
import com.shiyi.web.CalAction;
import com.shiyi.web.ChengCalAction;
import com.shiyi.web.ChuCalAction;
import com.shiyi.web.DelCalAction;
/**
* 主控制器
*/
public class DispatcherServlet extends HttpServlet{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 6716422786850137569L;
private Map<String,Action> actionMap = new HashMap<>();
//初始化方法
public void init() {
//加法
actionMap.put("/addCal", new CalAction());
//减法
actionMap.put("/delCal", new CalAction());
//乘法
actionMap.put("/chengCal", new CalAction());
//除法
actionMap.put("/chuCal", new CalAction());
}
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(req, resp);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
init();
String url = req.getRequestURI();//T224_mvc/xxx.action
url = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf("/"), url.lastIndexOf("."));
// Action action = new AddCalAction();
// class Student extends Person
// Person p = new Student();
Action action = actionMap.get(url);
req.setAttribute("uri", url);
action.execute(req, resp);
}
}
第四步:子控制器:控制请求(CalAction)
package com.shiyi.web;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.shiyi.framework.Action;
public class CalAction implements Action {
@Override
public void execute(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
String num1 = req.getParameter("num1");
String num2 = req.getParameter("num2");
String uri = (String) req.getAttribute("uri");
if("/addCal".equals(uri)) {//加法
req.setAttribute("res", Integer.valueOf(num1)+ Integer.valueOf(num2));
}else if("/delCal".equals(uri)){//减法
req.setAttribute("res", Integer.valueOf(num1)- Integer.valueOf(num2));
}else if("/chengCal".equals(uri)){//乘法
req.setAttribute("res", Integer.valueOf(num1)* Integer.valueOf(num2));
}else if("/chuCal".equals(uri)){//除法
req.setAttribute("res", Integer.valueOf(num1)/ Integer.valueOf(num2));
}
req.getRequestDispatcher("calRes.jsp").forward(req, resp);
}
}
运行出来的界面如下图所示:然后在文本框中可以输入合理的值进行分别加减乘除运算