代理模式

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于 2020-09-01 16:35:25 发布

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分类专栏： gof

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43843037/article/details/108343471

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静态代理

举个例子：人到了适婚年龄，父母总是迫不及待希望早点抱孙子。而现在社会的人在各种压力之下，都选择晚婚晚育。于是着急的父母就开始到处为自己的子女相亲，比子女自己还着急。这个相亲的过程，就是一种我们人人都有份的代理。来看代码实现：

顶层接口 Person：

public interface Person {
    void findLove();
}

儿子要找对象，实现 Son 类：

public class Son implements Person {
    public void findLove() {
        System.out.println("儿子要求：肤白貌美大长腿");
    }
}

父亲要帮儿子相亲，实现 Father 类：

public class Father {
    private Son son;

    public Father(Son son) {
        this.son = son;
    }

    public void findLove(){
        System.out.println("父母物色对象");
        son.findLove();
        System.out.println("双方同意交往，确立关系");
    }
}

来看测试代码：

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Father father = new Father(new Son());
        father.findLove();
    }
}

这里小伙伴们可能会觉得还是不知道如何讲代理模式应用到业务场景中，那么我们再来举例一个实际的业务场景。在分布式业务场景中，我们通常会对数据库进行分库分表，分库分表之后使用 Java 操作时，就可能需要配置多个数据源，我们通过设置数据源路由来动态切换数据源。

先创建 Order 订单实体：

public class Order {
    private Object orderInfo;
    private Long createTime;
    private String id;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Order{" +
                "orderInfo=" + orderInfo +
                ", createTime=" + createTime +
                ", id='" + id + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public Object getOrderInfo() {
        return orderInfo;
    }

    public void setOrderInfo(Object orderInfo) {
        this.orderInfo = orderInfo;
    }

    public Long getCreateTime() {
        return createTime;
    }

    public void setCreateTime(Long createTime) {
        this.createTime = createTime;
    }

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
}

创建 OrderDao 持久层操作类：

public class OrderDao {
    public int insert(Order order) {
        System.out.println("OrderDao 创建 Order 成功!");
        return 1;
    }
}

创建 IOrderService 接口：

public interface IOrderService {
    int createOrder(Order order);

}

创建 OrderService 实现类：

public class OrderService implements IOrderService {

    private OrderDao orderDao;

    public OrderService() {
        //如果使用 Spring 应该是自动注入的
        // 我们为了使用方便，在构造方法中将 orderDao 直接初始化了
        orderDao = new OrderDao();
    }

    public int createOrder(Order order) {
        System.out.println("OrderService 调用 orderDao 创建订单");
        return orderDao.insert(order);
    }
}

接下来使用静态代理，主要完成的功能是，根据订单创建时间自动按年进行分库。根据开闭原则，原来写好的逻辑我们不去修改，通过代理对象来完成。先创建数据源路由对象，使用 ThreadLocal 的单例实现。

DynamicDataSourceEntry 类：

public class DynamicDataSourceEntry {

    //默认数据源
    private final static String DEFAULT_SOURCE = null;

    private final static ThreadLocal<String> local = new ThreadLocal<String>();

    public DynamicDataSourceEntry() {
    }

    /*
     * 清空数据源
     * */
    public static void clear() {
        local.remove();
    }

    /**
     * 获取当前正在使用数据源
     *
     * @return
     */
    public static String get() {
        return local.get();
    }

    /**
     * 还原当前正在使用的数据源
     */
    public static void restore() {
        local.set(DEFAULT_SOURCE);
    }

    /**
     * 设置已知名字的数据源
     *
     * @param source
     */
    public static void set(String source) {
        local.set(source);
    }

    /**
     * 根据年份动态设置数据源
     * @param year
     */
    public static void set(int year) {
        local.set("DB_" + year);
    }
}

创建切换数据源的代理 OrderServiceSaticProxy 类

public class OrderServiceSaticProxy implements IOrderService {

    private SimpleDateFormat yearFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy");

    private IOrderService orderService;

    public OrderServiceSaticProxy(IOrderService orderService) {
        this.orderService = orderService;
    }

    public int createOrder(Order order) {
        before();
        Long time = order.getCreateTime();
        Integer dbRouter = Integer.valueOf(yearFormat.format(new Date(time)));
        System.out.println("静态代理类自动分配到【DB_" + dbRouter + "】数据源处理数据。");
        DynamicDataSourceEntry.set(dbRouter);
        orderService.createOrder(order);
        after();
        return 0;
    }

    private void before() {
        System.out.println("Proxy before method.");
    }

    private void after() {
        System.out.println("Proxy after method.");
    }
}

来看测试代码：

public class Test2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException {
        OrderService orderService = new OrderService();

        Order order = new Order();

        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd");
        Date date = sdf.parse("2020/02/01");
        order.setCreateTime(date.getTime());

        OrderServiceSaticProxy orderServiceSaticProxy = new OrderServiceSaticProxy(orderService);
        orderServiceSaticProxy.createOrder(order);
    }
}

JDK动态代理

创建媒婆（婚介）JDKMeipo 类：

public class JDKMeipo implements InvocationHandler {

    private Object target;

    public Object getInstance(Object target) {
        this.target = target;

        Class<?> clazz = target.getClass();
        return Proxy.newProxyInstance(clazz.getClassLoader(), clazz.getInterfaces(), this);
    }

    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
        before();
        Object obj = method.invoke(this.target, args);
        after();
        return obj;
    }

    private void before() {
        System.out.println("我是媒婆：我要给你找对象，现在已经拿到你的需求");
        System.out.println("开始物色");
    }

    private void after() {
        System.out.println("如果合适的话，就准备办事");
    }
}

创建单身客户 Customer 类：

public class Customer implements Person {

    public void findLove() {
        System.out.println("高富帅");
        System.out.println("身高 180cm");
        System.out.println("胸大，6 块腹肌");
    }
}

测试代码：

public class Test3 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try{

        Person o = (Person) new JDKMeipo().getInstance(new Customer());
        o.findLove()

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

再来看数据源动态路由业务

public class OrderServiceDynamicProxy implements InvocationHandler {

    private SimpleDateFormat yearFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy");

    private Object target;

    public Object getInstance(Object target) {


        this.target = target;

        Class<?> clazz = target.getClass();
        return Proxy.newProxyInstance(clazz.getClassLoader(), clazz.getInterfaces(), this);
    }

    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
        before(args[0]);
        Object invoke = method.invoke(target, args);
        after();
        return invoke;
    }

    private void before(Object target) {
        try {
            System.out.println("Proxy before method.");
            Long time = (Long) target.getClass().getMethod("getCreateTime").invoke(target);
            Integer dbRouter = Integer.valueOf(yearFormat.format(new Date(time)));
            System.out.println("静态代理类自动分配到【DB_" + dbRouter + "】数据源处理数据。");
            DynamicDataSourceEntry.set(dbRouter);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private void after() {
        System.out.println("Proxy after method.");
    }

}

实现原理？

先在源码找下答案：
进入Proxy.newProxyInstance(clazz.getClassLoader(), clazz.getInterfaces(), this);主要的方法就是Class<?> cl = getProxyClass0(loader, intfs);生成代理类

public static Object newProxyInstance(ClassLoader loader,
                                          Class<?>[] interfaces,
                                          InvocationHandler h)
        throws IllegalArgumentException
    {
        Objects.requireNonNull(h);

        final Class<?>[] intfs = interfaces.clone();
        final SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
        if (sm != null) {
            checkProxyAccess(Reflection.getCallerClass(), loader, intfs);
        }

        /*
         * Look up or generate the designated proxy class.
         */
        Class<?> cl = getProxyClass0(loader, intfs);

        /*
         * Invoke its constructor with the designated invocation handler.
         */
        try {
            if (sm != null) {
                checkNewProxyPermission(Reflection.getCallerClass(), cl);
            }

            final Constructor<?> cons = cl.getConstructor(constructorParams);
            final InvocationHandler ih = h;
            if (!Modifier.isPublic(cl.getModifiers())) {
                AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
                    public Void run() {
                        cons.setAccessible(true);
                        return null;
                    }
                });
            }
            return cons.newInstance(new Object[]{h});
        } catch (IllegalAccessException|InstantiationException e) {
            throw new InternalError(e.toString(), e);
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            Throwable t = e.getCause();
            if (t instanceof RuntimeException) {
                throw (RuntimeException) t;
            } else {
                throw new InternalError(t.toString(), t);
            }
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            throw new InternalError(e.toString(), e);
        }
    }

进入getProxyClass0:查询缓存，缓存查询不到则进入ProxyClassFactory

private static Class<?> getProxyClass0(ClassLoader loader,
                                           Class<?>... interfaces) {
        if (interfaces.length > 65535) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("interface limit exceeded");
        }

        // If the proxy class defined by the given loader implementing
        // the given interfaces exists, this will simply return the cached copy;
        // otherwise, it will create the proxy class via the ProxyClassFactory
        return proxyClassCache.get(loader, interfaces);
    }

ProxyClassFactory的apply方法：主要方法
byte[] proxyClassFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(proxyName, interfaces, accessFlags);
defineClass0(loader, proxyName,proxyClassFile, 0, proxyClassFile.length);
然后动态生成了代理对象

 public Class<?> apply(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces) {

            Map<Class<?>, Boolean> interfaceSet = new IdentityHashMap<>(interfaces.length);
            for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
                /*
                 * Verify that the class loader resolves the name of this
                 * interface to the same Class object.
                 */
                Class<?> interfaceClass = null;
                try {
                    interfaceClass = Class.forName(intf.getName(), false, loader);
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                }
                if (interfaceClass != intf) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        intf + " is not visible from class loader");
                }
                /*
                 * Verify that the Class object actually represents an
                 * interface.
                 */
                if (!interfaceClass.isInterface()) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        interfaceClass.getName() + " is not an interface");
                }
                /*
                 * Verify that this interface is not a duplicate.
                 */
                if (interfaceSet.put(interfaceClass, Boolean.TRUE) != null) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        "repeated interface: " + interfaceClass.getName());
                }
            }

            String proxyPkg = null;     // package to define proxy class in
            int accessFlags = Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.FINAL;

            /*
             * Record the package of a non-public proxy interface so that the
             * proxy class will be defined in the same package.  Verify that
             * all non-public proxy interfaces are in the same package.
             */
            for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
                int flags = intf.getModifiers();
                if (!Modifier.isPublic(flags)) {
                    accessFlags = Modifier.FINAL;
                    String name = intf.getName();
                    int n = name.lastIndexOf('.');
                    String pkg = ((n == -1) ? "" : name.substring(0, n + 1));
                    if (proxyPkg == null) {
                        proxyPkg = pkg;
                    } else if (!pkg.equals(proxyPkg)) {
                        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                            "non-public interfaces from different packages");
                    }
                }
            }

            if (proxyPkg == null) {
                // if no non-public proxy interfaces, use com.sun.proxy package
                proxyPkg = ReflectUtil.PROXY_PACKAGE + ".";
            }

            /*
             * Choose a name for the proxy class to generate.
             */
            long num = nextUniqueNumber.getAndIncrement();
            String proxyName = proxyPkg + proxyClassNamePrefix + num;

            /*
             * Generate the specified proxy class.
             */
            byte[] proxyClassFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(
                proxyName, interfaces, accessFlags);
            try {
                return defineClass0(loader, proxyName,
                                    proxyClassFile, 0, proxyClassFile.length);
            } catch (ClassFormatError e) {
                /*
                 * A ClassFormatError here means that (barring bugs in the
                 * proxy class generation code) there was some other
                 * invalid aspect of the arguments supplied to the proxy
                 * class creation (such as virtual machine limitations
                 * exceeded).
                 */
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.toString());
            }
        }
    }

看看生成的代理对象长啥样

byte[] bytes = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass("$Proxy0", new Class[]{Person.class});
        FileOutputStream os = null;

            os = new FileOutputStream("D://$Proxy0.class");
            os.write(bytes);
            os.close();

运行之后，我们能在 D://盘下找到一个$Proxy0.class 文件。使用 Jad 反编译，得到 $Proxy0.jad 文件，打开可以看到如下内容：

// Decompiled by Jad v1.5.8g. Copyright 2001 Pavel Kouznetsov.
// Jad home page: http://www.kpdus.com/jad.html
// Decompiler options: packimports(3) 

import com.zy.one.Person;
import java.lang.reflect.*;

public final class $Proxy0 extends Proxy
    implements Person
{

    public $Proxy0(InvocationHandler invocationhandler)
    {
        super(invocationhandler);
    }

    public final boolean equals(Object obj)
    {
        try
        {
            return ((Boolean)super.h.invoke(this, m1, new Object[] {
                obj
            })).booleanValue();
        }
        catch(Error _ex) { }
        catch(Throwable throwable)
        {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(throwable);
        }
    }

    public final void findLove()
    {
        try
        {
            super.h.invoke(this, m3, null);
            return;
        }
        catch(Error _ex) { }
        catch(Throwable throwable)
        {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(throwable);
        }
    }

    public final String toString()
    {
        try
        {
            return (String)super.h.invoke(this, m2, null);
        }
        catch(Error _ex) { }
        catch(Throwable throwable)
        {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(throwable);
        }
    }

    public final int hashCode()
    {
        try
        {
            return ((Integer)super.h.invoke(this, m0, null)).intValue();
        }
        catch(Error _ex) { }
        catch(Throwable throwable)
        {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(throwable);
        }
    }

    private static Method m1;
    private static Method m3;
    private static Method m2;
    private static Method m0;

    static 
    {
        try
        {
            m1 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("equals", new Class[] {
                Class.forName("java.lang.Object")
            });
            m3 = Class.forName("com.zy.one.Person").getMethod("findLove", new Class[0]);
            m2 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("toString", new Class[0]);
            m0 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("hashCode", new Class[0]);
        }
        catch(NoSuchMethodException nosuchmethodexception)
        {
            throw new NoSuchMethodError(nosuchmethodexception.getMessage());
        }
        catch(ClassNotFoundException classnotfoundexception)
        {
            throw new NoClassDefFoundError(classnotfoundexception.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

我们发现$Proxy0 继承了 Proxy 类，同时还实现了我们的 Person 接口，而且重写了 findLove()等方法。而且在静态块中用反射查找到了目标对象的所有方法，而且保存了所有方法的引用，在重写的方法用反射调用目标对象的方法。

自己动手写一个属于自己的动态代理
1、拿到被代理对象的引用，并且获取到它的所有的接口，反射获取。
2、JDK Proxy 类重新生成一个新的类、同时新的类要实现被代理类所有实现的所有的接口。
3、动态生成 Java 代码，把新加的业务逻辑方法由一定的逻辑代码去调用（在代码中体现）。
4、编译新生成的 Java 代码.class。
5、再重新加载到 JVM 中运行
创建 MyInvocationHandler接口：

public interface MyInvocationHandler {

    Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable;
}

创建MyProxy类

public class MyProxy {
    public static final String ln = "\r\n";

    public static Object newProxyInstance(MyClassLoader classLoader, Class<?>[] interfaces, MyInvocationHandler h) {

        try {
            //动态生成源代码.java
            String str = generateSrc(interfaces);

            //Java 文件输出磁盘
            String path = MyProxy.class.getResource("").getPath();
            File file = new File(path + "$Proxy0.java");
            FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(file);
            fileWriter.write(str);
            fileWriter.flush();
            fileWriter.close();

            //把生成的.java 文件编译成.class 文件
            JavaCompiler compiler = ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler();
            StandardJavaFileManager manager = compiler.getStandardFileManager(null, null, null);
            Iterable iterable = manager.getJavaFileObjects(file);
            JavaCompiler.CompilationTask task = compiler.getTask(null, manager, null, null, null, iterable);
            task.call();
            manager.close();

            //编译生成的.class 文件加载到 JVM 中来
            Class clazz = classLoader.findClass("$Proxy0");
            Constructor constructor = clazz.getConstructor(MyInvocationHandler.class);
            file.delete();

            //返回字节码重组以后的新的代理对象
            return constructor.newInstance(h);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }


    private static String generateSrc(Class<?>[] interfaces) {
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        sb.append("package com.zy.five;" + ln);
        sb.append("import com.zy.one.Person;" + ln);
        sb.append("import java.lang.reflect.*;" + ln);

        sb.append("public class $Proxy0 implements " + interfaces[0].getName() + "{" + ln);
        sb.append("MyInvocationHandler h;" + ln);
        sb.append("public $Proxy0(MyInvocationHandler h) { " + ln);
        sb.append("this.h = h;");
        sb.append("}" + ln);


        for (Method m : interfaces[0].getMethods()) {
            Class<?>[] params = m.getParameterTypes();

            StringBuffer paramNames = new StringBuffer();
            StringBuffer paramValues = new StringBuffer();
            StringBuffer paramClasses = new StringBuffer();

            for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
                Class clazz = params[i];
                String type = clazz.getName();
                String paramName = toLowerFirstCase(clazz.getSimpleName());
                paramNames.append(type + " " + paramName);
                paramValues.append(paramName);
                paramClasses.append(clazz.getName() + ".class");

                if (i > 0 && i < params.length - 1) {
                    paramClasses.append(",");
                    paramValues.append(",");
                    paramNames.append(",");
                }
            }
            sb.append("public " + m.getReturnType().getName() + " " + m.getName() + "(" + paramNames.toString() + ") {" + ln);
            sb.append("try{" + ln);
            sb.append("Method m = " + interfaces[0].getName() + ".class.getMethod(\"" + m.getName() + "\",new Class[]{" + paramClasses.toString() + "});" + ln);
            sb.append((hasReturnValue(m.getReturnType()) ? "return " : "") + getCaseCode("this.h.invoke(this,m,new Object[]{" + paramValues + "})", m.getReturnType()) + ";" + ln);
            sb.append("}catch(Error _ex) { }");
            sb.append("catch(Throwable e){" + ln);
            sb.append("throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(e);" + ln);
            sb.append("}");
            sb.append(getReturnEmptyCode(m.getReturnType()));
            sb.append("}");

        }
        sb.append("}" + ln);
        return sb.toString();
    }

    private static Map<Class, Class> mappings = new HashMap<Class, Class>();

    static {
        mappings.put(int.class, Integer.class);
    }

    private static String getReturnEmptyCode(Class<?> returnClass) {
        if (mappings.containsKey(returnClass)) {
            return "return 0;";
        } else if (returnClass == void.class) {
            return "";
        } else {
            return "return null;";
        }
    }

    private static String getCaseCode(String code, Class<?> returnClass) {
        if (mappings.containsKey(returnClass)) {
            return "((" + mappings.get(returnClass).getName() + ")" + code + ")." + returnClass.getSimpleName() + "Value()";
        }
        return code;
    }

    private static boolean hasReturnValue(Class<?> clazz) {
        return clazz != void.class;
    }

    private static String toLowerFirstCase(String src) {
        char[] chars = src.toCharArray();
        chars[0] += 32;
        return String.valueOf(chars);
    }

}

创建 MyMeipo 类：

public class MyMeipo implements MyInvocationHandler {

    private Object target;

    public Object getInstance(Object target) {
        this.target = target;

        Class<?> clazz = target.getClass();
        return MyProxy.newProxyInstance(new MyClassLoader(), clazz.getInterfaces(), this);
    }

    @Override
    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
        before();
        method.invoke(this.target, args);
        after();
        return null;
    }

    private void before() {
        System.out.println("我是媒婆：我要给你找对象，现在已经拿到你的需求");
        System.out.println("开始物色");
    }

    private void after() {
        System.out.println("如果合适的话，就准备办事");
    }

}

创建类加载

public class MyClassLoader extends ClassLoader {

    private File classPathFile;

    public MyClassLoader() {
        String path = MyClassLoader.class.getResource("").getPath();
        this.classPathFile = new File(path);
    }

    @Override
    protected Class<?> findClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {

        String className = MyClassLoader.class.getPackage().getName() + "." + name;
        if (classPathFile != null) {
            File classFile = new File(classPathFile, name.replaceAll("\\.", "/") + ".class");
            if (classFile.exists()) {
                FileInputStream in = null;
                ByteArrayOutputStream out = null;
                try {
                    in = new FileInputStream(classFile);
                    out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                    byte[] buff = new byte[1024];
                    int len;
                    while ((len = in.read(buff)) != -1) {
                        out.write(buff, 0, len);
                    }
                    return defineClass(className,out.toByteArray(),0,out.size());
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    if (null != in) {
                        try {
                            in.close();
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                    if (out != null) {
                        try {
                            out.close();
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}

客户端测试代码：

public class Test5 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {

            Person obj = (Person) new MyMeipo().getInstance(new Customer());
            System.out.println(obj.getClass());
            obj.findLove();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

输出

class com.zy.five.$Proxy0
我是媒婆：我要给你找对象，现在已经拿到你的需求
开始物色
高富帅
身高 180cm
胸大，6 块腹肌
如果合适的话，就准备办事

总结：
jdk动态代理的大致逻辑即是传入代理类类加载器，与接口数组和自定义的InvocationHandler，然后通过分析接口信息生成java文件的字节码数据，然后调用本地方法将类加载到内存中，最后返回构造参数为InvocationHandler的代理类，该类实现代理接口，并继承Proxy类（所以jdk动态代理只能代理接口，java单继承），我们调用方法实际上是调用代理类的方法，代理类则可以通过我们传入的InvocationHandler反射调用原本的方法来实现无侵入的修改原有方法逻辑。

CGLIB动态代理

简单看一下 CGLib 代理的使用,还是以媒婆为例，创建 CglibMeipo 类：

public class CglibMeipo implements MethodInterceptor {

    public Object getInstance(Class<?> clazz) {
        Enhancer enhancer = new Enhancer();
        enhancer.setSuperclass(clazz);
        enhancer.setCallback(this);
        return enhancer.create();
    }

    @Override
    public Object intercept(Object o, Method method, Object[] objects, MethodProxy methodProxy) throws Throwable {
        before();
        Object obj = methodProxy.invokeSuper(o, objects);
        after();
        return obj;

    }

    private void before() {
        System.out.println("我是媒婆：我要给你找对象，现在已经拿到你的需求");
        System.out.println("开始物色");
    }

    private void after() {
        System.out.println("如果合适的话，就准备办事");
    }
}

创建单身客户 Customer2 类：

public class Customer2 {
    public void findLove() {


        System.out.println("肤白貌美大象腿");
    }
}

有个小细节，CGLib 代理的目标对象不需要实现任何接口，它是通过动态继承目标对象实现的动态代理。来看测试代码：

public class Test6 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Customer2 instance = (Customer2)new CglibMeipo().getInstance(Customer2.class);
        instance.findLove();
    }
}

CGLib 的实现原理又是怎样的呢？我们可以在测试代码中加上一句代码，将 CGLib 代理后的 class 写入到磁盘，然后，我们再反编译一探究竟，代码如下：

System.setProperty(DebuggingClassWriter.DEBUG_LOCATION_PROPERTY, "D://cglib_proxy_class/");

重新执行代码，我们会发现在 E://cglib_proxy_class 目录下多了三个 class 文件，如图：
在这里插入图片描述
通过调试跟踪，我们发现 Customer2 $E n h a n c e r B y C G L I B$ 2d22f43b.class 就是 CGLib生成的代理类，继承了 Customer 类。反编译后代码是这样的：

public class Customer2$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$2d22f43b extends Customer2 implements Factory {
    private boolean CGLIB$BOUND;
    private static final ThreadLocal CGLIB$THREAD_CALLBACKS;
    private static final Callback[] CGLIB$STATIC_CALLBACKS;
    private MethodInterceptor CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
    private static final Method CGLIB$findLove$0$Method;
    private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$findLove$0$Proxy;
    private static final Object[] CGLIB$emptyArgs;
    private static final Method CGLIB$finalize$1$Method;
    private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$finalize$1$Proxy;
    private static final Method CGLIB$equals$2$Method;
    private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$equals$2$Proxy;
    private static final Method CGLIB$toString$3$Method;
    private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$toString$3$Proxy;
    private static final Method CGLIB$hashCode$4$Method;
    private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$hashCode$4$Proxy;
    private static final Method CGLIB$clone$5$Method;
    private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$clone$5$Proxy;

    static void CGLIB$STATICHOOK1() {
        CGLIB$THREAD_CALLBACKS = new ThreadLocal();
        CGLIB$emptyArgs = new Object[0];
        Class var0 = Class.forName("com.zy.six.Customer2$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$2d22f43b");
        Class var1;
        CGLIB$findLove$0$Method = ReflectUtils.findMethods(new String[]{"findLove", "()V"}, (var1 = Class.forName("com.zy.six.Customer2")).getDeclaredMethods())[0];
        CGLIB$findLove$0$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "()V", "findLove", "CGLIB$findLove$0");
        Method[] var10000 = ReflectUtils.findMethods(new String[]{"finalize", "()V", "equals", "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z", "toString", "()Ljava/lang/String;", "hashCode", "()I", "clone", "()Ljava/lang/Object;"}, (var1 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object")).getDeclaredMethods());
        CGLIB$finalize$1$Method = var10000[0];
        CGLIB$finalize$1$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "()V", "finalize", "CGLIB$finalize$1");
        CGLIB$equals$2$Method = var10000[1];
        CGLIB$equals$2$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z", "equals", "CGLIB$equals$2");
        CGLIB$toString$3$Method = var10000[2];
        CGLIB$toString$3$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "()Ljava/lang/String;", "toString", "CGLIB$toString$3");
        CGLIB$hashCode$4$Method = var10000[3];
        CGLIB$hashCode$4$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "()I", "hashCode", "CGLIB$hashCode$4");
        CGLIB$clone$5$Method = var10000[4];
        CGLIB$clone$5$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "()Ljava/lang/Object;", "clone", "CGLIB$clone$5");
    }

    final void CGLIB$findLove$0() {
        super.findLove();
    }

    public final void findLove() {
        MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        if (this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 == null) {
            CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
            var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        }

        if (var10000 != null) {
            var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$findLove$0$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$findLove$0$Proxy);
        } else {
            super.findLove();
        }
    }

    final void CGLIB$finalize$1() throws Throwable {
        super.finalize();
    }

    protected final void finalize() throws Throwable {
        MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        if (this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 == null) {
            CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
            var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        }

        if (var10000 != null) {
            var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$finalize$1$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$finalize$1$Proxy);
        } else {
            super.finalize();
        }
    }

    final boolean CGLIB$equals$2(Object var1) {
        return super.equals(var1);
    }

    public final boolean equals(Object var1) {
        MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        if (this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 == null) {
            CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
            var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        }

        if (var10000 != null) {
            Object var2 = var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$equals$2$Method, new Object[]{var1}, CGLIB$equals$2$Proxy);
            return var2 == null ? false : (Boolean)var2;
        } else {
            return super.equals(var1);
        }
    }

    final String CGLIB$toString$3() {
        return super.toString();
    }

    public final String toString() {
        MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        if (this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 == null) {
            CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
            var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        }

        return var10000 != null ? (String)var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$toString$3$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$toString$3$Proxy) : super.toString();
    }

    final int CGLIB$hashCode$4() {
        return super.hashCode();
    }

    public final int hashCode() {
        MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        if (this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 == null) {
            CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
            var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        }

        if (var10000 != null) {
            Object var1 = var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$hashCode$4$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$hashCode$4$Proxy);
            return var1 == null ? 0 : ((Number)var1).intValue();
        } else {
            return super.hashCode();
        }
    }

    final Object CGLIB$clone$5() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }

    protected final Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        if (this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 == null) {
            CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
            var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        }

        return var10000 != null ? var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$clone$5$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$clone$5$Proxy) : super.clone();
    }

    public static MethodProxy CGLIB$findMethodProxy(Signature var0) {
        String var10000 = var0.toString();
        switch(var10000.hashCode()) {
        case -1574182249:
            if (var10000.equals("finalize()V")) {
                return CGLIB$finalize$1$Proxy;
            }
            break;
        case -508378822:
            if (var10000.equals("clone()Ljava/lang/Object;")) {
                return CGLIB$clone$5$Proxy;
            }
            break;
        case 1192015562:
            if (var10000.equals("findLove()V")) {
                return CGLIB$findLove$0$Proxy;
            }
            break;
        case 1826985398:
            if (var10000.equals("equals(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z")) {
                return CGLIB$equals$2$Proxy;
            }
            break;
        case 1913648695:
            if (var10000.equals("toString()Ljava/lang/String;")) {
                return CGLIB$toString$3$Proxy;
            }
            break;
        case 1984935277:
            if (var10000.equals("hashCode()I")) {
                return CGLIB$hashCode$4$Proxy;
            }
        }

        return null;
    }

    public Customer2$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$2d22f43b() {
        CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
    }

    public static void CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(Callback[] var0) {
        CGLIB$THREAD_CALLBACKS.set(var0);
    }

    public static void CGLIB$SET_STATIC_CALLBACKS(Callback[] var0) {
        CGLIB$STATIC_CALLBACKS = var0;
    }

    private static final void CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(Object var0) {
        Customer2$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$2d22f43b var1 = (Customer2$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$2d22f43b)var0;
        if (!var1.CGLIB$BOUND) {
            var1.CGLIB$BOUND = true;
            Object var10000 = CGLIB$THREAD_CALLBACKS.get();
            if (var10000 == null) {
                var10000 = CGLIB$STATIC_CALLBACKS;
                if (CGLIB$STATIC_CALLBACKS == null) {
                    return;
                }
            }

            var1.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 = (MethodInterceptor)((Callback[])var10000)[0];
        }

    }

    public Object newInstance(Callback[] var1) {
        CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(var1);
        Customer2$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$2d22f43b var10000 = new Customer2$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$2d22f43b();
        CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS((Callback[])null);
        return var10000;
    }

    public Object newInstance(Callback var1) {
        CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(new Callback[]{var1});
        Customer2$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$2d22f43b var10000 = new Customer2$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$2d22f43b();
        CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS((Callback[])null);
        return var10000;
    }

    public Object newInstance(Class[] var1, Object[] var2, Callback[] var3) {
        CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(var3);
        Customer2$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$2d22f43b var10000 = new Customer2$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$2d22f43b;
        switch(var1.length) {
        case 0:
            var10000.<init>();
            CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS((Callback[])null);
            return var10000;
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Constructor not found");
        }
    }

    public Callback getCallback(int var1) {
        CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
        MethodInterceptor var10000;
        switch(var1) {
        case 0:
            var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
            break;
        default:
            var10000 = null;
        }

        return var10000;
    }

    public void setCallback(int var1, Callback var2) {
        switch(var1) {
        case 0:
            this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 = (MethodInterceptor)var2;
        default:
        }
    }

    public Callback[] getCallbacks() {
        CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
        return new Callback[]{this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0};
    }

    public void setCallbacks(Callback[] var1) {
        this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 = (MethodInterceptor)var1[0];
    }

    static {
        CGLIB$STATICHOOK1();
    }
}

重写了 Customer 类的所有方法。我们通过代理类的源码可以看到，代理类会获得所有在父类继承来的方法，并且会有 MethodProxy 与之对应，比如 Method CGLIB$findLove $0$ Method、MethodProxy CGLIB$findLove $0$ Proxy;这些方法在代理类的 findLove()中都有调用。

调用过程：代理对象调用 this.findLove() 方法 -> 调用拦截器 ->methodProxy.invokeSuper->CGLIB$findLove$0->被代理对象 findLove()方法。此时，我们发现拦截器 MethodInterceptor 中就是由 MethodProxy 的 invokeSuper 方法调用代理方法的，MethodProxy 非常关键，我们分析一下它具体做了什么。

public Object invokeSuper(Object obj, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
        try {
            this.init();
            MethodProxy.FastClassInfo fci = this.fastClassInfo;
            return fci.f2.invoke(fci.i2, obj, args);
        } catch (InvocationTargetException var4) {
            throw var4.getTargetException();
        }
    }

    private static class CreateInfo {
        Class c1;
        Class c2;
        NamingPolicy namingPolicy;
        GeneratorStrategy strategy;
        boolean attemptLoad;

        public CreateInfo(Class c1, Class c2) {
            this.c1 = c1;
            this.c2 = c2;
            AbstractClassGenerator fromEnhancer = AbstractClassGenerator.getCurrent();
            if (fromEnhancer != null) {
                this.namingPolicy = fromEnhancer.getNamingPolicy();
                this.strategy = fromEnhancer.getStrategy();
                this.attemptLoad = fromEnhancer.getAttemptLoad();
            }

        }
    }

    private static class FastClassInfo {
        FastClass f1;
        FastClass f2;
        int i1;
        int i2;

        private FastClassInfo() {
        }
    }

上面代码调用过程就是获取到代理类对应的 FastClass，并执行了代理方法。还记得之前生成三个 class 文件吗？ Customer2$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$2d22f43b$$FastClassByCGLIB$$7e00728f.class就是代理类的 FastClass， Customer2$$FastClassByCGLIB$$53cc1e46.class 就是被代理类的 FastClass。 CGLib 动态代理执行代理方法效率之所以比 JDK 的高是因为 Cglib 采用了 FastClass 机制，它的原理简单来说就是：为代理类和被代理类各生成一个 Class，这个 Class 会为代理类或被代理类的方法分配一个 index(int 类型)。这个 index 当做一个入参，FastClass 就可以直接定位要调用的方法直接进行调用，这样省去了反射调用，所以调用效率比 JDK 动态代理通过反射调用高。

CGLib 和 JDK 动态代理对比

1.JDK 动态代理是实现了被代理对象的接口，CGLib 是继承了被代理对象。
2.JDK 和 CGLib 都是在运行期生成字节码，JDK 是直接写 Class 字节码，CGLib 使用 ASM 框架写 Class 字节码，Cglib 代理实现更复杂，生成代理类比 JDK 效率低。
3.JDK 调用代理方法，是通过反射机制调用，CGLib 是通过 FastClass 机制直接调用方法， CGLib 执行效率更高。

静态代理和动态的本质区别

1、静态代理只能通过手动完成代理操作，如果被代理类增加新的方法，代理类需要同步新增，违背开闭原则。
2、动态代理采用在运行时动态生成代码的方式，取消了对被代理类的扩展限制，遵循开闭原则。
3、若动态代理要对目标类的增强逻辑扩展，结合策略模式，只需要新增策略类便可完成，无需修改代理类的代码。

代理模式的优缺点

使用代理模式具有以下几个优点：
1、代理模式能将代理对象与真实被调用的目标对象分离。
2、一定程度上降低了系统的耦合度，扩展性好。
3、可以起到保护目标对象的作用。
4、可以对目标对象的功能增强。
当然，代理模式也是有缺点的：
1、代理模式会造成系统设计中类的数量增加。
2、在客户端和目标对象增加一个代理对象，会造成请求处理速度变慢。
3、增加了系统的复杂度。

代码地址：https://github.com/zhengyao123/mini-gof.git

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代理模式

静态代理举个例子：人到了适婚年龄，父母总是迫不及待希望早点抱孙子。而现在社会的人在各种压力之下，都选择晚婚晚育。于是着急的父母就开始到处为自己的子女相亲，比子女自己还着急。这个相亲的过程，就是一种我们人人都有份的代理。来看代码实现：顶层接口 Person：public interface Person { void findLove();}儿子要找对象，实现 Son 类：public class Son implements Person { public void
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