java中this()和super()使用的测试案例

父类Person：

package Super;

public class Person {
    String name;
    int age;
    double salary;
    double height;

    public Person() {
        System.out.println("调用父类无参构造器");
    }


    public Person(String name, int age, double salary) {
        System.out.println("调用父类三参构造器");
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    public void showInfo() {
        System.out.println("name:" + name + " age:" + age + " salary:" + salary + " height:" + height);
    }
}

子类Student

package Super;

public class Student extends Person {

    public Student() {

    }

    public Student(String name, int age) {
        System.out.println("调用子类二参构造器");
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        salary = 999.99;//调用二参构造器给salary设置默认值
        height = 999.99;//调用二参构造器给height设置默认值
    }

    public Student(String name, int age, double salary) {
        this(name, age);//首行有了this()就不会再有默认的super()
        System.out.println("调用子类三参构造器");
        super.salary = salary;//super可以写this，也可以不写（省略this），最终都是去Person类中找成员变量
        this.height = 999.99;//调用三参构造器给height设置默认值，演示使用this找成员变量
    }

    public Student(String name, int age, double salary, double height1) {
        super(name, age, salary);
        System.out.println("调用子类四参构造器");
        height = height1;//演示省略this找成员变量，由于不用this和super会出现重名问题所以改了形参名为height1
    }

}

程序入口：

package Super;

public class DemoStudent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Student("李白", 18).showInfo();
        System.out.println("==================================================");
        new Student("李白", 18, 10000.0).showInfo();
        System.out.println("==================================================");
        new Student("李白", 18, 10000.0,1.78).showInfo();
    }
}

输出结果：

调用父类无参构造器
调用子类二参构造器
name:李白 age:18 salary:999.99 height:999.99
==================================================
调用父类无参构造器
调用子类二参构造器
调用子类三参构造器
name:李白 age:18 salary:10000.0 height:999.99
==================================================
调用父类三参构造器
调用子类四参构造器
name:李白 age:18 salary:10000.0 height:1.78